1、公共英语四级真题 2015 年及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part A 回答 1-5 题(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Directions: For Questions 1-5 , you will hear a weather forecast for some major cities in the world. While you listen , fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in th
2、e table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、回答 6-10 题(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Directions: For Questions 6-10 ,you will hear a passage about the change in American marriages. While you listen, complete the sentences and answe
3、r the question. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、回答 11-20 题(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Directions: You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one ,you will have 5 seconds to read each of the que
4、stions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question t choosing A , B , C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer, to each question. You will hear each piece only once. Questions 11-13 are based on the following passage about Emily Dickinson-A.well-known Amer
5、ican poet.（分数：3.00）(1).How long did Emily Dickinson live in the house where she was born? （分数：1.00）A.Almost all her life.B.Less than half her life.C.Until 1830.D.Before 1872.(2).Which of the following is TRUE of Emily Dickinson? （分数：1.00）A.She was not A productive poet.B.She saw many of her poems pu
6、blished.C.She was not A sociable person.D.She had contact only with A few poets.(3).When was Emily Dickinson widely recognized? （分数：1.00）A.After Henry James referred highly to her.B.After seven of her poems were published.C.After her poems became known to others.D.After she had been dead for many ye
7、ars.Questions 14-16 are based on the following dialogue.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the woman doing when the man interrupts her? （分数：1.00）A.Taping some music.B.Watching A film.C.Making A video recording.D.Writing A letter.(2).Why is the woman so excited? （分数：1.00）A.She is going to study in another country.
8、B.She received A letter from A Japanese friend.C.She just returned from A.trip to Japan.D.She got A.joB.at A travel agency.(3).Why does the woman feel grateful to Professer Mercheno? （分数：1.00）A.He helped her get into the program.B.He recorded some tapes especially for her.C.He gave her A good grade
9、in her Japanese class.D.He told her about an interesting movie to watch.Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage about the history of newspapers.（分数：4.00）(1).How long is it since the first newspaper was printed? （分数：1.00）A.700 years.B.Over 2,000 years.C.About 1,300 years.D.About 380 years.
10、(2).According to the passage, which of the following newspapers have the largest circulation? （分数：1.00）A.English language newspapers.B.Chinese language newspapers.C.Japanese language newspapers.D.German language newspapers.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? （分数：1.00）A.he ear
11、liest printed newspaper was developed in Europe.B.It took hundreds of years for newspapers to be developed into their present form.C.Boston is the place where American newspapers were first printed.D.The first American newspaper carried news from both home and abroad.(4).Which of the following can N
12、OT be inferred from the passage? （分数：1.00）A.ChinA.developed advanced technology in printing long before any other country in the world.B.More people read newspapers in English than in any other languages.C.Japan is the country where people read more newspapers.D.Newspapers have developed quickly in
13、the U. S. since the beginning of the 18th century.四、Directions:(总题数：1，分数：15.00)In the years after World War II, Americans typically assumed the full responsibilities of adulthood by their late teens or early 20s. Most young men had (21 )_ school and were working full- time, and most young women were
14、 (22)_ and raising children. People who grew (23) _in this era of growing affluence were economically serf-sufficient and able to take care of others by the time they had weathered adolescence. Today, adulthood no longer (24) _ when adolescence ends. Social scientists are beginning to recognize a ne
15、w phase of life: early adulthood. Some features of this stage resemble coming of age (25) _ the late 19th and early 20th centuries,(26)_ youth fingered in a state of semi-autonomy, waiting (27)_ they were sufficiently well-off to marry, have children and establish an independent (28) _ However, ther
16、e are important differences (29)_ how young people today define and achieve adulthood from those of both the recent and the more distant past. This new stage is not merely an extension of adolescence, (30) _ has been maintained in the mass media. Young adults are physically mature and often (31) _ i
17、mpressive intellectual, social and psychological skills. Nor are young people today reluctant to accept adult responsibilities. Instead, they are busy (32) _ up their educational credentials and practical skills in an ever more demanding labor market. Yet, many have not become fully adult, (33) _ th
18、ey are not ready, or perhaps not permitted, to do (34) _ . For a growing number, this will not happen until their late 20s or even early 30s. In (35) _, American society will have to revise upward the “normal” age of full adulthood, and develop ways to assist young people through the ever-lengthenin
19、g transition.（分数：15.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、Part B(总题数：3，分数：15.00)Text 1 In the last 30 years, science and technology have had a truly dramatic impact on sports. There are three major reasons for this. First, new a
20、rtificial materials have appeared and been used in many sports-sometimes to revolutionary effect. Second, our design expertise has improved, partly through the development of computers and other technical tools. We know more and can plan and predict more accurately in many critical areas. The third
21、reason why science and technology have had an increasing impact is that there is now the money and the motivation for them to do so. In a variety of ways, sport has become very big business, and in the matter of winning or losing, very large amounts of money may be at stake. Technology has influence
22、d specific sports in many ways. Wherever a commercial mass market is involved, technical change may be promoted largely for the sake of change, to make this seasons product seem different from that of last season. An example of this trend is in the endless search for the perfect sports shoe. Anatomi
23、cally precise support for the heel and ankle, air sacs for extra spring and comfort each year bring apparent new refinements. Even in retirement, basketballs Michael Jordan remains one of sports biggest earners because of the deal he signed endorsing the Air Jordan shoe; and one of the richest sport
24、speople of all, though his winnings these days are minimal, is the veteran golfer Arnold Palmer, thanks to his endorsements of the latest in golf technology. More significant still in modem sports have been more general effects of technological advance. It has provided the means for timing athletes
25、to thousandths of a second-and the means of replaying an event to check who won or to see if a break-rule occurred. It has put sport on television, so millions can watch without moving from their own homes. It has provided the means for testing for illegal drugs. It has also, for better or worse, gi
26、ven sportsmen and women a new attitude towards their own bodies encouraged also by the high stakes, the sponsorship and the fevered media attention. Technology helps them plan the best diet and exercise regimes; it has created heart and lung monitors that measure stress and oxygen intake; and it all
27、ows athletes to keep a constant check on their own physical problems and progress. In terms of nutrition (fuel) and training (maintenance), the modem sportsperson is treated-and treats himself or herself-like a machine.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, sport has become very big business in the s
28、ense that （分数：1.00）A.it needs high-tech materials.B.it requires business management.C.it involves the wide use of computers.D.it seems a matter of big money.(2).The example of sports shoes suggests that the technological advances in modem sports are （分数：1.00）A.encouraged by commercial interests.B.su
29、pported by famous sportspeople.C.attributed to basketball performance.D.subjected to computer technology.(3).The text suggests that some of the rich sportsmen （分数：1.00）A.cooperate with companies to develop high-tech sports products.B.are interested in promoting the development of science and technol
30、ogy.C.are selfishly earning money by promoting new sports products.D.play a positive role in promoting high-tech sports products.(4).By saying “the modern sportsperson is.like a machine”, the author emphasizes the sense of （分数：1.00）A.rigidity.B.inhumanity.C.preciseness.D.automation.(5).The statement
31、 that best summarizes the text is （分数：1.00）A.sportspeople seek high-tech products for better performance.B.science and technology have played a significant role in sports.C.science and technology have helped improve the sports environment.D.some sportspeople have benefited financially from new techn
32、ology.Most of us Americans have a vague, uneasy sense of wicked wastefulness. We throw out the never-opened pack of food thats past its sell-by date before answering a call on the fourth mobile phone we have had in five years. We gaze around our living space groaning at the sheer quantity of little-
33、used clothing, blocking it up like a blood clot in an arterial vein. Our despair is genuine at the way we are running out of the earths resources and at the fact that we have so much when two-thirds of the worlds population only just get enough to eat and drink. Yet we feel completely powerless to d
34、o anything about it, too busy, irritable and tired to focus on practical steps. For the problem goes even deeper than material wastefulness: We know we are wasting our time, our being, our lives. We have compromised in our choice of career, lovers, friends ; we put on a face to meet the faces that w
35、e meet. Trapped in marketing characters, not only in our office politics but in our intimate relationships, too, we play too many games. Deep down, we know that its time to “get a life“, to stop being distracted by pointless consumerism, unreal relationships, and “Affluenza-infected“ career ambition
36、s. The first step to salvation is to understand how much it is not your fault. If you read Vance Packards 1958 book about the advertising industry, The Hidden Persuaders, it proves that long ago retailers were devising ways to deliberately deceive us into confusing mixed wants with true needs in ord
37、er to keep the consumption bandwagon rolling. In recent years, manufacturers have intention- ally speeded up the rate at which electronic goods become obsolescent and instead of the proper re- pair customer services that used to exist, there are merely expensive help-lines, When your toaster or prin
38、ter or MP3 music device breaks down after only a year, it is no accident that there is no one who will repair them-“ itd cost more than buying a new one, love“. So this is a selfish capitalist system which is designed to maximize profits through rapid turn- over of “newer, better“ goods that break d
39、own sooner and are designed to be irreparable. Its not your fault ! What you can do is withdraw as much as possible from the consumption game. Every time you are about to buy something ask yourself, “do I need this, or do I just want it.?“（分数：5.00）(1).Most Americans, according to the author, feel un
40、easy about （分数：1.00）A.depending too much on modern technology.B.failing to solve problems in their lives.C.having too little living space.D.wasting too many resources.(2).By saying “we play too many games“, the author wants to show （分数：1.00）A.we are wasting our lives.B.we make too many mistakes.C.we
41、 do not take our life seriously.D.I we are too busy enjoying ourselves.(3).To make ourselves feel better, we should first （分数：1.00）A.figure out whom to blame for our excessive consumption.B.avoid making unnecessary purchases in our daily life.C.pick out misleading messages in the advertisement.D.exe
42、rcise caution when making a big purchase.(4).We learn from Paragraph 5 that （分数：1.00）A.the quality of goods is getting worse recently.B.customers are more often misled nowadays.C.we are deceived into making a purchase.D.advertisers have become very clever.(5).The author advises us to buy （分数：1.00）A.
43、more than we need.B.only what we want.C.more than we want.D.only what we need.Susan Baroness Greenfield is A.British institution. In A.country that perceives its scientists as white-coated eccentrics, and probably male, Lady Greenfield is fashionable, extravagant, and female. At least, that is the i
44、mage she has sought to project as A.populariser of science. She is accused, though, of bringing another British institution, the Royal Institution (RI), to the verge of bankruptcy. The RI, of which she was director from 1998 until last Friday (January 8th), has made her job redundant. She says she p
45、lans to respond with A.suit for sexual discrimination. Lady Greenfield, A.neuroscientist at Oxford University, was recruited to shake up the two century old institution because she had made A.name for herself, particularly on television, as one of the popular faces of science. The RI is, in part, A.
46、members club famous for its Christmas lectures “adapted to A.juvenile audience“, which are broadcast on television every year, and its Friday evening discourses (black ties, please, gentlemen), in which prominent scientists chat about their work for precisely an hour-no more and no less-before every
47、one is served teA.and chocolate cake. But it is also A.serious research laboratory (one of the longest-established in the world), looking into things like the medical applications of nanotechnology. Lady Greenfields offence, if offence it be, was to modernize the RIs headquarters in May- fair, one o
48、f the most stylish parts of London, without proper cost control. The redecoration included A.high-class bar and restaurant that are open to the general public. Sadly, these opened for business in October 2008-the least favorable moment imaginable for such A.venture. The redecoration, which cost 22m, much of which was raised by selling the institutions shares of property, has left the RI 3m in debt, and the trustees have de
