1、公共英语四级分类模拟题 77 及答案解析(总分：54.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Public image refers to how a company is viewed by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders, by the financial community, by the communities 1 it operates, and by federal and local governments. Public image is controllable
2、2 considerable extent, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are. A firm“s public image plays an important role in the 3 of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such outsiders 4 stockholders, suppliers, creditors, government officials, as well as 5 special g
3、roups. With some things it is impossible to 6 all the diverse publics, for example, a new automated plant may meet the approval of creditors and stockholders, 7 it will undoubtedly find 8 from employees who see their jobs 9 . On the other hand, high quality products and service standards should brin
4、g almost complete approval, 10 low quality products and 11 claims would be widely looked down upon. A firm“s public image, if it is good, should be treasured and protected. It is a valuable 12 that usually is built up over a long and satisfying relationship between a firm and publics. If a firm has
5、owned a quality image, this is not easily 13 or imitated by its competitors. Such an image may enable a firm to 14 higher prices, to win the best distributors and dealers, to attract the best employees, to expect the most 15 creditor relationships and lowest borrowing costs. It should also allow the
6、 firm“s stock to command higher price-earnings 16 than other companies in the same industry with such a good reputation and public image. A number of factors affect the public image of a corporation. 17 include physical 18 , contacts of outsiders 19 company employees, product quality and dependabili
7、ty, prices 20 to competitors, customer service, the kind of advertising and the media and programs used, and the use of public relations and publicity.（分数：20.00）A.whichB.whatC.whereD.whomA.inB.withinC.onD.toA.attractionB.attachmentC.affectionD.generalizationA.andB.withC.asD.forA.converseB.diverseC.r
8、everseD.universeA.satisfyB.treatC.amuseD.entertainA.soB.thenC.thusD.butA.supportB.identificationC.complimentD.resistanceA.ensuredB.promotedC.threatenedD.unemployedA.becauseB.whileC.thoughD.whenA.falseB.fakeC.artificialD.counterfeitA.fortuneB.assetC.possessionD.propertyA.counteredB.cooperatedC.repell
9、edD.compelledA.payB.getC.orderD.chargeA.favoriteB.prosperousC.favorableD.prospectiveA.rateB.ratioC.rationD.interestA.TheseB.TheyC.ThatD.ItA.appliancesB.equipmentC.devicesD.facilitiesA.onB.withC.inD.alongA.relativeB.relatedC.reliableD.reconcilable二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0
10、.00)四、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The big identity-theft bust last week was just a taste of what“s to come. Here“s how to protect your good name. HERE“S THE SCARY THING about the identity-theft ring that the Feds cracked last week: there was nothing any of its estimated 40000 victims could have done to
11、prevent it from happening. This was an inside job, according to court documents. A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop. That a
12、llowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million and rising. Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket. More than 700000 Americans have their credit
13、 hijacked every year. It“s one of crime“s biggest growth markets. A name, address and Social Security numberwhich can often be found on the Webis all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so the
14、re“s little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, it“s up to you to protect your identity. The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves are opportunists, not well-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster div
15、ing for those millions of “pre-approved“ credit-card mailings that go out every day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Social Security number. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at home can save a lot of agony later. But the most effective way to keep yo
16、ur identity clean is to check your credit reports once or twice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits: Equifax (at equifax. com), Trans-Union (www. transunion. come) and Experian (experian. com). All allow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading through voice-mai
17、l hell on their 800 lines. Of the three, I found Trans-Union“s website to be the cheapest and most comprehensivelaying out state-by-state prices, rights and tips for consumers in easy-to-read fashion. If you“re lucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey or Vermont
18、, you are entitled to one free report a year by law. Otherwise it“s going to cost $ 8 to $14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor your reports year-round for about $70; that“s $10 more than the going rate among thieves. If you think you“re a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fraud
19、 alerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You can also download a theft-report form at www. consumer. gov/idtheft, which, along with a local police re- port, should help when irate creditors come knocking. Just don“t expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was o
20、ne of the fewer than 2% of identity thieves who are ever caught.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the trend of credit-theft crime?（分数：1.00）A.Tightly suppressed.B.More frightening.C.Rapidly increasing.D.loosely controlled.(2).The expression “inside job“ (Line 3, Paragraph 2) most probably means “_“.（分数：1.00）A.a c
21、rime that is committed by a person working for the victimB.a crime that should be punished severelyC.a crime that does great harm to the victimD.a crime that poses a great threat to the society(3).The creditors can protect their identity in the following ways except _.（分数：1.00）A.destroying your junk
22、 mailB.leaving your Social Security card at homeC.visiting the credit-report website regularlyD.obtaining the free report from the government(4).Why is it easy to have credit-theft?（分数：1.00）A.More people are using credit service.B.The application program is not safe enough.C.Creditors usually disclo
23、se their identity.D.Creditors are not careful about their identity.(5).What is the best title of the text?（分数：1.00）A.The danger of credit-theftB.The loss of the creditorsC.How to protect your good nameD.Why the creditors lose their identity五、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)What makes a good conversation? F
24、irstly, it is a mutual search for essence of things. It is a zestful transaction, not a briefing or a lecture. Russian poet Alexander Pushkin identified the willingness to listen as one of the vital ingredients of any exchange. When two people are talking at the same time, the result is not conversa
25、tion. Nothing is more destructive of good talk than for one participant to hold the ball too long, like a basketball player playing to the gallery. Pity the husband or wife with a garrulous mate who insists on talking long past the point where he or she has anything to say. To be meaningful, a conve
26、rsation should head in a general direction. It need not be artfully plotted, but it should be gracefully kept on course. It has been said that if speech is silver, silence is golden. Certainly silence is preferable, under most circumstances, to chat. Why is it then, that so many people are discomfit
27、ed by the absence of human sound waves? Why are they not willing to sit with each other, silently enjoying the unheard but real linkages? “Making conversation“ should not be a necessity among intimates. If there is nothing to say, don“t say it. It is true that strangers“ meeting for the first time s
28、eem to feel uncomfortable if they do not engage in small talk. Usually this is harmless and even necessary if strangers are to size each other up. But, small talk aside, what are elementary rules for general conversation? In the first place, certain subjects should be taboo. Kitchen topics, the best
29、 cleaners, bus schedules, and other dull things should be barred from general discussion. Next, our illness is not something to be offered gratuitously to friends at conversation time. Then there is the conversationalist who must be rightwho always has to win the game. Conversation need not always b
30、e purposeful, but it must at least be for pleasure. It should be aiming at knowing better one“s conversation partner. Above all, it should be joyful and amiable, as Joseph Addison put it: “Good nature is more agreeable in conversation than wit.“ I do not object to enforced conversation, but I am les
31、s tolerant of those who would arbitrarily halt a good conversation with a flat “Come, now, let“s stop all this.“ A good conversation is a fragile thing that must be nurtured carefully.（分数：20.00）(1).According to the passage, the key factors in a conversation may NOT include _.（分数：4.00）A.a clear aimB.
32、a general directionC.willingness to listenD.pleasant atmosphere(2).What does the sentence (Para. 2) mean?（分数：4.00）A.Most husbands cannot stand their wives.B.It is very normal for the couple to have quarrels.C.One should avoid destructive words in quarrels.D.One should avoid talking without stop in o
33、ur daily communication.(3).The following statements are true EXCEPT _.（分数：4.00）A.a meaningful conversation should be wisely designedB.it is not necessarily a total failure if there is nothing to sayC.small talks are necessary for two strangersD.a good conversation should be more pleasant than purpos
34、eful(4).For general conversations, which topic is more proper?（分数：4.00）A.Illness.B.Education.C.Bus schedule.D.Domestic housework.(5).What is the best title for this passage?（分数：4.00）A.Lost Art of Conversation.B.How to Become a Witted Speaker.C.The Key to General Conversation.D.Essential Elements in
35、a Good Conversation.六、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Opinion polls are now beginning to show an unwilling general agreement that, whoever is to blame and whatever happens from now on, high unemployment is probably here to stay. This means we shall have to find ways of sharing the available employment more
36、widely. But we need to go further. We must ask some fundamental questions about the future of work. Should we continue to treat employment as the norm? Should we not create conditions in which many of us can work for ourselves, rather than for an employer? Should we not aim to revive the household a
37、nd the neighbourhood, as well as the factory and the office, as centres of production and work? The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people“s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work pattern
38、s which it brought about may have to be reversed. This seems a discouraging thought. Bat, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work: Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom. Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18t
39、h centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people“s homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then
40、by road, people travelled longer distances to their places of employment until, eventually, many people“s work lost all connection with their home lives and places in which they lived. Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. It became customary for the husband to go out paid employment, l
41、eaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife. All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the impractical goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.（分
42、数：4.00）(1).What idea did the author derive from the recent opinion polls?（分数：0.80）A.New jobs must be created in order to rectify high unemployment figures.B.Available employment should be restricted to a small percentage of the population.C.The present high unemployment figures are a fact of life.D.
43、Jobs available must be distributed among more people.(2).The passage suggests that we should now re-examine our thinking about work and _.（分数：0.80）A.be prepared to fill in time by taking up houseworkB.set up smaller private enterprises so that we in turn can employ othersC.create more factories in o
44、rder to increase our productivityD.be prepared to admit that being employed is not the only kind of work(3).The passage tells us that the arrival of the industrial age meant that _.（分数：0.80）A.economic freedom came within everyone“s reachB.patterns of work were fundamentally changedC.to survive, ever
45、yone had to find a jobD.universal employment guaranteed prosperity(4).As a result of the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries, _.（分数：0.80）A.people were not adequately compensated for the loss of their landB.people were no longer legally entitled to reclaim landC.people were badly paid for the w
46、ork they managed to findD.people were forced to look elsewhere for means of supporting themselves(5).According to the passage, which of the following is true?（分数：0.80）A.People should start to support themselves by learning a practical skill.B.The creation of jobs for all is an impossibility.C.We sho
47、uld help people to get full-time jobs.D.We must make every effort to solve the problem of unemployment.七、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：5.00)With human footprints on the moon, radio telescopes listening for messages from alien creatures (who may or may not exist), technicians looking for celestial and planetary
48、 sources of energy to support our civilization, orbiting telescopes“ data hinting at planetary systems around other stars, and political groups trying to figure out how to save humanity from nuclear warfare that would damage life and eliminate on a planet-wide scale, an astronomy book published toda
49、y enters a world different from the one that greeted books a generation ago. Astronomy has broadened to involve our basic circumstances and our mysterious future in the universe. With eclipses and space missions broadcast live, and with NASA, Europe, and the USSR planning and building permanent space stations, astronomy offers adventure for all people, an outward exploratory thrust that may one day be seen as an alternative to mindless consumerism, ideological bickering, and wars to control dwindling resources on a closed, finite Earth. Today“s astron
