1、公共英语四级分类模拟题 75及答案解析(总分：55.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Nowadays, air travel is very 1 . We are not surprised when we watch on TV that a politician has talked with French President in Paris and attended a meeting in Beijing on the same day. 2 , if a person takes long-distance fly
2、ing frequently, he can be so tired that he maybe feel his brain is in one country, his 3 in another. 4 , he 5 knows where he is. When we fly from east to west or 6 versa, the 7 we experience after taking a long-distance flying is 8 , because we cross time zones. According to doctors, air travelers,
3、after crossing several time zones, are in no 9 to go to work, and they should go 10 to bed 11 arrival. As to airline pilots who often live 12 their own watches and ignore local time, there is no need for them to worry about their health although they sometimes have breakfast at midnight, because the
4、y are used to 13 and are 14 fit. Many businessmen like long-distance flights, thinking they are 15 to have been chosen and they are out for promotion. They are lucky if the company follows the doctor“s advice and allow them to rest for a day or two 16 working. However, sometimes the manager is so en
5、ergetic that he believes everyone is 17 to be as fit as he is. Since he has never felt 18 after flying himself, the work he assigns is so 19 that the employee is too 20 to carry the work out satisfactorily. That is disastrous for the employee“s health and the company“s reputation.（分数：20.00）A.ordinar
6、yB.commonC.plainD.usualA.HenceB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.FurthermoreA.digestionB.concentrationC.friendsD.lifeA.In short orderB.All in oneC.In a wordD.In other wordsA.almostB.nearlyC.hardlyD.practicallyA.viceB.viaC.vicarD.vibesA.wearyB.fatigueC.tiredD.strainA.strengthenedB.increasedC.reinforcedD.aggravate
7、dA.statusB.stateC.situationD.conditionA.awayB.stragglyC.straightforwardD.straightA.inB.whenC.afterD.onA.onB.byC.uponD.withA.flyB.flyingC.liveD.livesA.mentallyB.emotionallyC.physicallyD.bodilyA.favoredB.flattenedC.flayedD.flatteredA.beforeB.behindC.afterD.in front ofA.likelyB.supposedC.goingD.expecte
8、dA.discontentB.resentfulC.dissatisfiedD.uncomfortableA.demeaningB.demandingC.demonstrativeD.deplorableA.sleepyB.excitedC.exhaustedD.angry二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologiescomputers, t
9、elecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such innovations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly,
10、 altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think. The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their
11、 strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge. But ironically, at the most knowledge-based entitiesthe colleges and universitiesthe pace of transformation has been relatively modest. Although
12、research has been transformed by information technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-education functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based paradigm. Howe
13、ver, some major technology-aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant change throughout academia. American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began during the 18th
14、century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; academia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900,
15、 the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional. Higher education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the
16、 new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university“s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providing students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universiti
17、es to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information. The information society has greatly expanded the need for university-level education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation“s ability to
18、 maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies?（分数：1.00）A.LaptopB.TelephoneC.Telecommunication networks.D.Digital systems.(2).Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities in order to _.（分数
19、：1.00）A.make moneyB.change the relationship between people and knowledgeC.take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital technologiesD.adapt the development of digital technologies(3).The phrase “higher-education functions“ (Paragraph 3) probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.increasing students“ abil
20、ityB.broaden students“ horizonsC.enriching students“ knowledgeD.the way of teaching(4).The transformation resulted from the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 was _.（分数：1.00）A.the popularization of educationB.the establishment of secular educationC.the introduction of graduate educationD.the appearance
21、of a competitive workforce(5).Information technology will have an impact on the following aspects except _.（分数：1.00）A.freeing the constraints of time and space on classroomB.the chance students have to read original source materialsC.the way of communicationD.training students for professional caree
22、r五、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A parent with a child carrying a musical instrument or a drawing board walking along a Beijing subway platform or street is a familiar sight on weekends. They are on the way to training schools. Education of their children has become the most important responsibility of pa
23、rents who were sent to rural areas for “re-education“ during the “Cultural Revolution“ from 1966 to 1976. They lost the chance for university education and now hope their children can receive a better education than they did. As a result, these people now in their forties expose their little childre
24、n to early training so that they can enter a prestigious school. The parents imagine a road to success: from excellent primary and middle schools to an elite university and then to a good job. On average, they may spend about 100 yuan a month on their children“s education. And what results have thes
25、e parents obtained? Most of them feel that the large investment has failed to lead to rapid progress in their children“s study. “We seem to be throwing our money away,“ said one parent. However, many parents still think that spending more on their children“s schooling will result in high scores. The
26、se parents have also introduced a “contract system“, which offers rewards for good school grades. More than 80% of parents in families in Chengdu have signed contracts with their children, according to the Consumers“ Times. The paper notes that the heavy pressure put on children to perform well at s
27、chool has resulted in a decline in children“s health. The parents“ investment in their children also includes hiring tutors. A survey of 250 students in Xuzhou found that 10% of their parents hired tutors. The pay for one tutorial hour is three yuan. Liberation Daily commented that these parents hav
28、e too high expectations of their children. According to the article, “They are trying to help the young plants grow by pulling them upwards.“ They ignore their children“s psychology and perhaps will damage the real talents the children possess.（分数：5.00）(1).Parents in their forties want their childre
29、n to get the best education because（分数：1.00）A.the parents missed out on their own education when they were young.B.it is their responsibility to help their children.C.their children are cleverer than they were.D.they don“t want them to go to the rural areas.(2).In the parents“ view, entry to a good
30、university depends upon（分数：1.00）A.having some early art training.B.attending the best primary and middle schools.C.getting a good job.D.the parents“ prestige and position.(3).The “contract system“ is（分数：1.00）A.a method of university entry.B.a way of encouraging children to work hard.C.an agreement b
31、etween children and their teachers.D.a way of guaranteeing the young people a good job.(4).In the Xuzhou survey, how many children have extra private lessons?（分数：1.00）A.250.B.25.C.10.D.3.(5).What is the Chinese newspapers“ attitude to the parents described in this article?（分数：1.00）A.Sympathetic.B.Cr
32、itical.C.Approving.D.Neutral.六、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Police in the popular resort city Virginia Beach recently began operating video surveillance cameras with controversial face recognition technology. Virginia Beach and Tampa in Florida two cities in the United States acquired the technology, whi
33、ch cost them $197,000. “Before we switched it on, we went through an extensive public education process with hearings and the involvement of citizen groups and minority groups, who helped write the policies we are using,“ said deputy police chief Greg Mullen. A citizens“ auditing committee has the f
34、ight to perform unannounced spot checks on police headquarters to make sure the technology is not being misused. Three of the city“s 13 cameras are linked full time to the face recognition system, though the others can be activited as needed. The database of wanted people is updated every day. So fa
35、r, the system has failed to produce a single arrest, though it has generated a few false alarms. It works by analyzing faces based on a series of measurements, such as the distance from the tip of the nose to the chin or the space between the eyes. Critics say it is highly inaccurate and can be easi
36、ly fooled. Mullen, who sees the system eventually being linked to the databases of other city, state and federal law enforcement agencies to track criticals and suspected terrorists, said, “The system doesn“t look at skin color or your hair or your gender. It takes human prejudices out of the equati
37、on. “ “This technology has little or no effect on the crime rate but it does have an effect on people“s behavior. People feel cowed,“ said Bruce Steinhardt, who directs the technology. Despite the fact that tests have shown faces recognition only works in around 30% cases, the ACLU is alarmed that t
38、he technology may soon spread to airports. The organization also fears it could potentially be used to monitor individual“s political activities to harass law-abiding citizens. “This kind of surveillance should be subject to the same procedures as wiretaps. Law enforcement agencies should justify wh
39、y they need it and it should be tightly limited, otherwise it will soon become a tool of social control,“ said Mihir Kshisagar of the Electronic Information Privacy Center. Nor does such criticism come exclusively from the political left. Lawyer John Whitehead, founder of the conservative Rutherford
40、 Institute, wrote in an editorial that the technology threatened the right of each U.S. citizen to participate in society. “After all, that is exactly what constant surveillance isthe ultimate implied threat of coercion,“ he wrote.（分数：5.00）(1).What does Mullen“s statement in Paragraph 1 indicate?（分数
41、：1.00）A.Police is confident in using the technology.B.Police has made preparation for the use of the technology.C.Citizens have rights over managing the technology.D.Police has gone through public education process.(2).Why does the system fall to arrest a wanted person?（分数：1.00）A.The system is not e
42、ffective in recognizing people.B.The system doesn“t look at skin color or one“s gender.C.The system doesn“t consider people“s specific features.D.The system is highly inaccurate and can be easily fooled.(3).What is the ACLU“s attitude to the system?（分数：1.00）A.Worried.B.Skeptical.C.Confident.D.Indiff
43、erent.(4).In John Whitehead“s opinion, which statement is true?（分数：1.00）A.Face recognition technology may interfere with people“s privacy.B.Face recognition technology may enhance the country“s constant surveillance.C.Face recognition technology can be used in the same way wiretaps are used.D.Face r
44、ecognition technology can be used after its threat has been removed.(5).What is this passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）A.Disadvantage of face recognition technology.B.Purposes of face recognition technology.C.Controversial face recognition technology.D.Effect of face recognition technology.七、Passage 4(总
45、题数：1，分数：20.00)China“s corruption crackdown is helping fuel a second-hand luxury market. As fur coats and Swiss watches fall out of vogue among China“s elites, another luxury sector is quietly thriving. The second-hand luxury market has seen a jump this year, according to a survey of stores by Fortun
46、e Character Institute, a Chinese luxury lifestyle publication. China“s second-hand luxury stores range from independent boutiques to chains like Hong Kong“s Milan Station or Japan“s Brand Off, both of which have stores on the mainland. Online operations have sprung up too, such as S, which has aroun
47、d 600,000 registered users. Second-hand designer goods can cost as little as a third of their original price. On Secco, a Louis Vuitton bag sells for 2,750 yuan or 450, compared to a retail price of 8,350 RMB. Rare or limited-edition items can even fetch more second-hand than the original price. Acc
48、ording to the FCI survey of about 200 second-hand luxury shops in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, sales totalled about 3 billion yuan (490 million) in the first half of 2013. That“s pretty small compared to China“s overall luxury market, worth about 13 billion in 2012 according to Bain academia was
49、 no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional. Higher education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university“s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physic
