1、公共英语四级分类模拟题 72 及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)International Weather Report City High Low Weather Athens 80 1 1 Beijing 2 64 cloudy 2 Cairo 93 73 3 3 Istanbul 86 4 clear 4 New Delhi 5 80 cloudy 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B
2、(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).How many tons of coffee do Americans consume each year?（分数：1.00）(2).Each year the coffee a Swede drinks reaches an average of 1.（分数：1.00）(3).King Gustav believed that coffee was 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Who died first in the King“s experiment?（分数：1.00）(5).People drink coffee becaus
3、e it makes them feel 1.（分数：1.00）四、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is 1 only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, 2 embarrassed. You have to take a
4、commuter train any morning or evening to 3 the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive. 4 , there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, 5
5、 broken, makes the offender immediately the object of 6 . It has been known as a fact that a British has a 7 for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it 8 . Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom 9 forecast and hence becomes a sourc
6、e of interest and 10 to everyone. This may be so. 11 a British cannot have much 12 in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong 13 a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accura
7、teor as inaccurateas the weathermen in his 14 . Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references 15 weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are 16 by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn“t it?“ “Beautiful day!“ may well
8、 be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?“ 17 the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. 18 he wants to start a conversation with a British but is 19 to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state
9、 of the weather. It is a safe subject which will 20 an answer from even the most reserved of the British.（分数：20.00）A.relaxedB.frustratedC.amusedD.exhaustedA.yetB.otherwiseC.evenD.soA.experienceB.witnessC.watchD.undergoA.DeliberatelyB.ConsequentlyC.FrequentlyD.ApparentlyA.unlessB.onceC.whileD.asA.sus
10、picionB.oppositionC.criticismD.praiseA.emotionB.fancyC.likelihoodD.judgementA.at lengthB.to a great extentC.from his heartD.by all meansA.followsB.predictsC.defiesD.supportsA.dedicationB.compassionC.contemplationD.speculationA.StillB.AlsoC.CertainlyD.FundamentallyA.faithB.relianceC.honorD.creditA.if
11、B.onceC.whenD.whereasA.propositionsB.predictionsC.approvalD.defianceA.aboutB.onC.inD.toA.startedB.conductedC.replacedD.proposedA.SinceB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Only ifA.Even ifB.BecauseC.IfD.ForA.at a lossB.at lastC.in groupD.on the occasionA.stimulateB.constituteC.furnishD.provoke五、Section Reading Co(总题
12、数：0，分数：0.00)六、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Every country with a monetary system of its own has to have some kind of market in which dealers in bills, notes, and other forms of short term credit can buy and sell. The “money market“ is a set of institutions or arrangements for handli
13、ng what might be called wholesale transactions in money and short term credit. The need for such facilities arises in much the same way that a similar need does in connection with the distribution of any of the products of a diversified economy to their final users at the retail level. If the retail
14、er is to provide reasonably adequate service to his customers, he must have active contacts with others who specialize in making or handling bulk quantities of whatever is his stock in trade. The money market is made up of specialized facilities of exactly this kind. It exists for the purpose of imp
15、roving the ability of the retailers of financial servicescommercial banks, savings institutions, investment houses, lending agencies, and even governmentsto do their jobs. It has little if any contact with the individuals or ruins who maintain accounts with these various retailers or purchase their
16、securities or borrow from them. The elemental functions of a money market must be performed in any kind of modern economy, even one that is largely planned or socialist, but the arrangements in socialist countries do not ordinarily take the form of a market. Money markets exist in countries that use
17、 market processes rather than planned allocations to distribute most of their primary resources among alternative uses. The general distinguishing feature of a money market is that it relies upon open competition among those who are bulk suppliers of funds at any particular time and among those seek
18、ing bulk funds, to work out the best practicable distribution of the existing total volume of such funds. In their market transactions, those with bulk supplies of funds or demands for them, rely on groups of intermediaries who act as brokers or dealers. The characteristics of these middlemen, the s
19、ervices they perform, and their relationship to other parts of the financial vary widely from country to country. In many countries there is no single meeting place where the middlemen get together, yet in most countries the contacts among all participants are sufficiently open and free to assure ea
20、ch supplier or user of funds that he will get or pay a price that fairly reflects all of the influences (including his own) that are currently affecting the whole supply and the whole demand. In nearly all cases, moreover, the unifying force of competition is reflected at any given moment in a commo
21、n price (that is, rate of interest) for similar transactions. Continuous fluctuations in the money market rates of interest result from changes in the pressure of available supplies of funds upon the market and in the pull of current demands upon the market.（分数：5.00）(1).The first paragraph is mainly
22、 about _.（分数：1.00）A.the definition of money marketB.the constitution of a money marketC.the basic functions of a money marketD.the general feature of a money market(2).According to this passage, a money market _.（分数：1.00）A.provides convenient services to its customersB.has close contact with the ind
23、ividuals or firms seeking fundsC.maintains accounts with various retailers of financial servicesD.is made up of institutions who specialize in handling wholesale monetary transactions(3).Which of the following statements about a money market is NOT true according to this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Money mar
24、ket does not exist in planned economies.B.Money market has been established in some socialist countries.C.Money market encourages open competition among bulk suppliers of funds.D.Money market relies upon market processes to distribute funds to final users.(4).The author uses the example of middleman
25、 to show _.（分数：1.00）A.market transactions are important in different countriesB.dealers are needed in doing businessC.middlemen can play great role in different transactions and different countriesD.middlemen in different countries have different actions in business(5).According to this passage, _.（
26、分数：1.00）A.brokers usually perform the same kinds of services to their customersB.brokers have little contact with each otherC.open competition tends to result in a common price for similar transactions at any given momentD.changes in the pressure of available supplies of funds upon market tends to m
27、aintain a common price for similar transactions八、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Slavery has played a significant role in the history of the U.S. It existed in all the English mainland colonies and most of the Founding Fathers also had slaves, as did eight of the first 12 presidents. Dutch traders brought 2
28、0 Africans to Jamestown, Virginia, as early as 1619, however, throughout the 17th century the number of Africans in the English mainland colonies grew very slowly. At that time, colonists used two other sources of unfree labor: Native American slaves and European indentured servants. During those ye
29、ars, every colony had some Native American slaves, but their number was limited. Indian men avoided performing agricultural labor, because they viewed it as women“s work, and colonists complained that they were too “haughty“. The more important was that the settlers found it more convenient to sell
30、Native Americans captured in war to planters in the Caribbean than to turn them into slaves, because they often resisted and it was not hard for the slaves to escape. Later, the policy of killing Indians or driving them away from white settlements was proposed and it contradicted with their widespre
31、ad employment as slaves. The other form of labor was the white indentured servitude. Most indentured servants consisted of poor Europeans. Desiring to escape tough conditions in Europe and take advantage of fabled opportunities in America, they traded three to seven years of their labor in exchange
32、for the transatlantic passage. At first, it was mainly English who were the white indentured servitude but later increasingly Irish, Welsh, and German joined. They were essentially temporary slaves and most of them served as agricultural workers although some, especially in the North, were taught sk
33、illed trades. During the 17th century, they performed most of heavy labor in the Southern colonies and also consisted of the bulk of immigrants to those colonies. At the end of the 17th century, in order to meet the labor need, landowners in America turned to African slaves. During the late 17th and
34、 18th centuries, thanks to the dominant position of England in terms of naval superiority, English traders (some of whom lived in English America) transported millions of Africans across the Atlantic. And the transatlantic slave trade produced one of the largest forced migrations in history, blacks
35、(the great majority of whom were slaves) increasing from about 7 percent of the American population in 1680 to more than 40 percent by the middle of the 18th century.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following was true of the slavery in America?（分数：1.00）A.The colonists sold African Americans to planters in
36、the Caribbean.B.Native American slaves performed agricultural labor.C.During the 17th century, the white indentured servitude was the main labor in the Southern colonies.D.It was at the end of the 17th century that African people began to be brought to America.(2).We can infer from the sentence “Lat
37、er, the policy of killing Indians or.contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves“ that _.（分数：1.00）A.many Indians were killed by White settlersB.many Indians were drove away from white settlementsC.the Indians were slaves in a wide-spread wayD.white settlers must have to find other source
38、 of labor(3).In the third paragraph, the author mainly argues that _.（分数：1.00）A.the number of Native American slaves was very smallB.the colonists thought that the Native American slaves were very haughtyC.the Native American slaves had been treated cruellyD.the Native American slaves always resiste
39、d(4).Which of the following wasn“t the opinion of the colonists towards the Native American slaves?（分数：1.00）A.The Native American slaves were very haughty.B.The Native American slaves were very lazy.C.The Native American slaves were hard to control.D.The Native American slaves always found ways to e
40、scape.(5).The relation between the second paragraph and the next following two paragraphs is that in the next following two paragraphs the author _.（分数：1.00）A.further elaborates the issue discussed in the second paragraphB.modifies the point of view in the second paragraphC.changes the view expresse
41、d in the second paragraphD.offers the reason to support the viewpoint in the second paragraph九、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads a
42、ccounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers are completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers. Supporters of the new super systems argued that these mergers will allow for
43、 substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities travelling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the rail
44、roads therefore have them by the throat. The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that only one rail company serves most shippers. Railroads typically charge such “captive“ shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel
45、 they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal governments Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases. Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in
46、 the long run it reduces everyone“s cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. Its theory to, wh
47、ich many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?“ asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who fre
48、quently represents shipper. Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be this with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortuning fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surgin
49、g traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $ 10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail“s net railway operating income in 1996 was just $ 427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who“s going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on th
