1、公共英语四级-环境(二)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPart A/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)For Questions 1 5, you will hear a dialogue in which a woman is talking with a naturalist on how to protect animals. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the i
2、nformation has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box.Information about wildlife protectionThe woman developed an interest in Wildlife Protection at the age of _. UU 1 /U/UWhen she grows up, she wants to become a _. UU 2 /U/UAs the coastal waters are warmed, marine sp
3、ecies move in the directionof _.UU 3 /U/UThe most endangered species due to global warming is the polar _. UU 4 /U/UThe biggest contributor to global warming is the way we generate _. UU 5 /U/U（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)For Questions 6 10, you will hear a p
4、assage about the ice loss in the Arctic Sea. While you listen, complete the sentences. Use not more than 3 words for each answer.During the summer months, the newer ice is less _.UU 1 /U/UThe two measures of the health of the Arctic Seaare the amount of ice cover and _.UU 2 /U/UArctic Sea ice is imp
5、ortant because it throwsback _.UU 3 /U/UA warmer Arctic and thinner sea ice changes thebalance between the normally cold Arctic and _.UU 4 /U/UThe possibility of ships being able to move UU 5 through newly unfrozen parts of the Arctic couldlead to losses of _./U/U（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:
6、_填空项 1:_四、BPart C/B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)For Question 11 20, you will hear two passages. Before listening to each one, read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear each piece ONLY ONCE.（分数：5.00）(1).Which is not a new finding of this resear
7、ch? A. Old formula for calculating species extinction is erroneous. B. Extinction possibilities were greatly overestimated. C. There is no threat to the survival of species. D. Species extinct at a less rapid rate.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which statement is true about the prediction in the early 1980s?
8、A. More than half of the worlds species would extinct by the year 2000. B. Less than half of the worlds species would extinct by the year 2000. C. The prediction has been proved to be true. D. The prediction turned out to be not true.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the conventional measurement based on
9、? A. Species-area relationship. B. Human encroachment. C. Forms of habitat destruction. D. The change of habitats.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to Hubbell, to calculate extinction more accurately, scientists need to _. A. increase the sample land area B. decrease the sample land area C. varify the
10、sample land area D. keep the sample land area unchanged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the main topic of this passage? A. A new problem of environmental protection. B. The invention of a mathematical formula. C. The counting strategy of species extinction. D. Species extinction rates are greatly overes
11、timated.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：5.00）(1).What is Londons target for CO2 emission by 2025? A. Reducing 20 percent. B. Reducing 40 percent. C. Reducing 60 percent. D. Achieving zero emission.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which is not true for Nicky Gavron? A. She is a member of the London Assembly. B. She is form
12、er deputy mayor of London. C. She is a climate change expert. D. She is chief director of the World Resources Institute.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why getting transportation right became a key to build a low carbon London? A. 22 percent of Londons CO2 emission came from the citys transportation sector. B.
13、 Most of Londons CO2 emission came from the citys transportation sector. C. Transportation is the easiest sector to reduce CO2 emission. D. Transportation reform is the only means to reduce CO2 emission.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).London encourages people to use public transit by various means EXCEPT _. A.
14、 charge for traffic congestion B. adding more bus lanes C. making it free for seniors and the young D. issuing a ban on private cars（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to Gavron, to make Beijing more accessible, the city should _. A. copy the model of London B. rely completely on public transportation C.
15、 set up small working centers among communities D. clear up all traffic congestion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each numbered blank.Nuclear energy is an efficient and convenient substitute U U 1 /U /Uc
16、onventional forms of energy, which were found in special geographical locations. Large amounts of U U 2 /U /Uand effort are required to U U 3 /U /Uthese locations. U U 4 /U /Uthe sites are found, men and equipment must be brought to tap and use these sources of energy. However, a large proportion of
17、 such sites are found only in far and U U 5 /U /Uplaces. This increases the difficulties of U U 6 /U /Uthese forms of energy. With nuclear energy, such difficulties are not U U 7 /U /U. Nuclear reactors can easily be built anywhere, and man does not have to compete with the U U 8 /U /Uof nature in o
18、rder to obtain the energy. For equal amounts of energy, nuclear energy is much more convenient and inexpensive to obtain than conventional sources of energy.With nuclear energy, the amount of pollution is kept to a very low level U U 9 /U /Uthe production of nuclear energy is based on the fission (裂
19、变) of atoms. The energy produced in the reactors is U U 10 /U /Uinto heat and electricity, and these have U U 11 /U /Uor no pollution at all. Conventional forms of fuel, U U 12 /U /U, produce large amounts of pollution. The recent Japan nuclear disaster does not change the overall picture that nucle
20、ar energy remains one of the cleanest sources of energy.Production of nuclear energy uses the U U 13 /U /Uof the fission of atoms; thus, U U 14 /U /Uamounts of energy can be obtained from it. The worlds reserves of oil, coal and natural gas are running U U 15 /U /Uat a tremendous U U 16 /U /Uand cur
21、rent estimates predict that. U U 17 /U /Uof the 21st century, most of these conventional fuels will be used up. Nuclear energy is the exception U U 18 /U /Uthis gloomy prediction. Through splitting and fusing atoms, large amounts of energy can be produced, and U U 19 /U /Uthis process can go on and
22、on until all our energy needs are satisfied. The U U 20 /U /Uof nuclear energy as a boundless source of energy is indeed great, and we must harness it whenever possible as conventional fuels will not be around much longer.（分数：20.00）(1). A. of B. with C. for D. in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. incentive B.
23、 capital C. interest D. currency（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. point B. recognize C. identify D. label（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. If B. Once C. While D. Even if（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. isolated B. single C. sole D. solitary（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6). A. detecting B. selecting C. harnessing D. concentrating（分数：1.00
24、）A.B.C.D.(7). A. considerable B. imaginable C. exist D. present（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8). A. potentials B. forces C. strengths D. powers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9). A. if B. while C. though D. since（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10). A. converted B. transferred C. exchanged D. transformed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11). A. much B. mo
25、re C. little D. less（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12). A. as a result B. in general C. on the other hand D. in effect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13). A. function B. rule C. principle D. process（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14). A. incomplete B. definite C. infinite D. defined（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15). A. out B. up C. away D. down（分数：1.0
26、0）A.B.C.D.(16). A. rate B. ration C. proportion D. ratio（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17). A. at the end B. by the end C. in the end D. to the end（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18). A. in B. for C. of D. to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19). A. substantially B. additionally C. effectively D. theoretically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20). A. use B.
27、 potential C. popularity D. transformation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、BPart A/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Read the following text. Answer the questions below the text by choosing A, B, C or D.A very important world problem is the increasing number of people who actually inhabit this plane
28、t. The limited amount of land and land resources will soon be unable to support the huge population if it continues to grow at its present rate.So why is this huge increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and practice of what is becoming known as “Death Co
29、ntrol“. You have no doubt heard of the term “Birth Control“. “Death Control“ is something rather difficult. It recognizes the work of the doctors and scientists who now keep alive people who, not very long ago, would have died of a variety of then incurable diseases. Through a wide variety of techno
30、logical innovations that include farming methods and the control of deadly diseases, we have found ways to reduce the rate at which we die. However, this success is the very cause of the greatest threat to mankind.If we examine the amount of land available for this ever-increasing population, we beg
31、in to see the problem. If everyone on the planet had an equal share of land, we would each have about 50000 square meters. This figure seems to be quite encouraging until we examine the amount of usable land we actually have. More than three-fifths of the worlds land cannot produce food.Obviously, w
32、ith so little land to support us, we should be taking great care not to reduce it further. But we are not! Instead, we are consuming its “capital“its nonrenewable fossil fuels and other mineral deposits that took millions of years to form but which are now being destroyed in decades. We are also doi
33、ng the same with other vital resources not usually thought of as being nonrenewable such as fertile soils, groundwater and the millions of other species that share the earth with us.It is a very common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in po
34、or countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction. This is not true. The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature. Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far
35、greater impact on the earth as a whole.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, what leads to the huge population increase? A. Family control. B. Birth control. C. Death control. D. Disease control.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “incurable“ in Paragraph 2 means “_“. A. strange B. epidemic C. unknown D.
36、 untreatable（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The land can not support the increasing population because _. A. the worlds total amount of land is quite limited B. most part of the earth is covered by sea water C. most of the worlds land is infertile D. the worlds population is not distributed equally（分数：2.00）A.B
37、.C.D.(4).We can infer from the 4th paragraph that _. A. the worlds land resources are well protected B. the worlds land resources are overexploited C. the fossil fuels can be used for millions of years D. fertile soils and groundwater belong to renewable resources（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the aut
38、hors real concern in this passage? A. Environmental pollution. B. Population increase. C. Overuse of resources. D. The success of “Death Control“.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.八、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Frog Extinction: Ano
39、ther “Global Warming“ MythFor years, global warming advocates have pointed to the sudden decline in frog species in various parts of the world in the 1990s as evidence of global warming. In January 2006, for example, National Geographic News carried a report headed “Frog extinctions linked to global
40、 warming“. U U 1 /U /UUIts report, based on an article in the prestigious Nature magazine, said: “Global warming may cause widespread amphibian extinctions by triggering lethal epidemics.“/UU U 2 /U /UU“Alan Pounds and colleagues suggest that many harlequin frog (小丑蛙) species across Central and Sout
41、h America have disappeared due to deadly infectious diseases spurred by changing water and air temperatures.“/U National Geographic News added: “Climate scientists have long warned that global warming could spur deadly disease epidemics. The study suggests that such a scenario may already be unfoldi
42、ng in the amphibian world.“ If so, humans and other species should consider themselves duly warned. U U 3 /U /UUBecause amphibians are particularly sensitive to environmental change, they may serve as proverbial “canaries(金丝雀) in a coalmine“ that warn of such climate change dangers./UU U 4 /U /UUA t
43、wo-year-old Study by Britain scientists suggests that some 15 to 35 percent of land-dwelling plants and animals, or about a million species, would be extinct or committed to extinction by 2050./U Other climate scientists have calculated that half of the planets species are already affected by global
44、 climate change. The news for amphibians is particularly bad. In 2004 a global amphibian assessment by the World Conservation Union, Conservation International, and NatureServe reported that about one-third of all amphibian species were in decline.Other media were equally alarmed. In October 2008, t
45、he American online website, Science Daily, said, “Frogs are being killed in Yellowstone National Park. The predator, Stanford researchers say, is global warming.“ It quoted the researchers as saying, U U 5 /U /UU“Drastic declines of the amphibians in the worlds oldest nature reserve indicate that th
46、e ecological effects of global warming are very profound and are happening more rapidly than previously anticipated.“/UAll of this has been acknowledged by the IPCC meeting at Cancun, Mexico, which claims that global warming is threatening the future of natural habitats and animal species around the world.
