1、公共英语四级-486 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).*（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).*（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).*（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).*（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).*（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Question
2、s 11-13 are based on a report about childrens healthy development. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.（分数：3.00）(1).What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?A. How much exercise they get every day.B. What they are most worried about.C. How long their par
3、ents accompany them daily.D. What entertainment they are interested in.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The academy suggests that children under age two _.A. get enough entertainment B. have more activitiesC. receive early education D. have regular checkups（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the report, childrens
4、 bedrooms should _.A. be no place for play B. be near a common areaC. have no TV sets D. have a computer for study（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 14-16 are based on the following talk about how to save money. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.（分数：3.00）(1).According to the speaker, what shou
5、ld one pay special attention to if he wants to save up?A. Family debts B. Bank savings C. Monthly bills D. Spending habits（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit?A. $190,000 B. $330,000 C. $500,000 D. $1,000,000（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What shoul
6、d one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants to accumulate wealth?A. Invest into a mutual fundB. Use the discount ticketsC. Quit his eating-out habitD. Use only paper bills and save coins（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 17-20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman, a domestic-relations
7、lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.（分数：4.00）(1).Which word best describes the lawyers prediction of the change in divorce rate?A. Fall B. Rise C. V-shape D. Zigzag（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage?A. To embrace changes of thought
8、B.To adapt to the disintegrated family lifeC. To return to the practice in the 60s and 70sD. To create stability in their lives（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago?A. They feared the complicated procedures.B. They wanted to go against the trend.C. They were afr
9、aid of losing face.D. They were willing to stay together.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Years ago a divorced man in a company would have _.A. been shifted around the countryB. had difficulty being promotedC. enjoyed a happier lifeD. tasted little bitterness of disgrace（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数
10、：1，分数：20.00)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened (21) . As was discussed before, it was not (22) the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic (23)
11、 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the (24) of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution (25) up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading (26) through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures (27) the 20th-cent
12、ury world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in (28) . It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, (29) , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, (30) by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the
13、process, (31) its impact on the media was not immediately (32) . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as (33) , with display becoming sharper and storage (34) increasing. They were thought of, like people, (35) generations, with the dis
14、tance between generations much (36) .It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the (37) within which we now live. The communications revolution has (38) both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there h
15、ave been (39) view about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ have been weighed (40) “harmful“ outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.（分数：20.00）(1).A. between B. before C. since D. later（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. after B. by C. during D. until（分数：1.00）A.B.C
16、.D.(3).A. means B. method C. medium D. measure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. process B. company C. light D. form（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. gathered B. speeded C. worked D. picked（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. on B. out C. over D. off（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. of B. for C. beyond D. into（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. concept B
17、. dimension C. effect D. perspective（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. brought B. followed C. stimulated D. characterized（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. unless B. since C. lest D. although（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. apparent B. desirable C. negative D. plau
18、sible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. institutional B. universal C. fundamental D. instrumental（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. ability B. capability C. capacity D. faculty（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. by means of B. in terms of C. with regard toD. in line with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. deeper B. fewer C. nearer D. smalle
19、r（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. context B. range C. scope D. territory（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. regarded B. impressed C. influenced D. effected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. competitive B. controversial C. distracting D. irrational（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. above B. upon C. against D. with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Sectio
20、n Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or th
21、at you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secreta
22、ries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations,
23、 beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table himself. “Who is that?“ th
24、e new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, thats God, “came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks hes a doctor. “If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll be appropriate for you to make a passi
25、ng remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen of their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoat
26、s like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often its the delivery which causes the audience to s
27、mile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you dont succeed, give up“ or a play on words or on a situation
28、. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.（分数：5.00）(1).To make your humor work, you should _.A. take advantage of different kinds of audienceB. make fun of the disorganized peopleC. address di
29、fferent problems to different peopleD. show sympathy for your listeners（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are _.A. impolite to new arrivalsB. very conscious of their godlike roleC. entitled to some privilegesD. very busy even during lunch hours（分数：1
30、.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It can be inferred from the text that public service _.A. have benefited many people B. are the focus of public attentionC. are an inappropriate subject for humorD. have often been the laughing stock（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).To achieve the desired result, humorous stones should be deliver
31、ed _.A. in well-worded languageB. as awkwardly as possibleC. in exaggerated statementsD. as casually as possible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The best title for the text may be _.A. Use Humor EffectivelyB. Various Kinds of HumorC. Add Humor to SpeechD. Different Humor Strategies（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Text 2(总题数：
32、1，分数：5.00)Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics-the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet
33、 to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assem
34、bly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robo-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that ca
35、n perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy-far greater precision that highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to ma
36、ke at least a few decisions for themselves-goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,“ says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, “we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world. “Indeed the q
37、uest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to exten
38、d that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brains roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented-and human perception far more complicated-than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error
39、 of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of winding forest road or the single suspicio
40、us face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer system on Earth cant approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still dont know quite how we do it.（分数：5.00）(1).Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in _.A. the use of machines to produce science fictionB. the wide use of machines in m
41、anufacturing industryC. the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous workD. the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “gizmos“ (line 1, paragraph 2) most probably means _.A. programs B. experts C. devices D. creatures（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to
42、 the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot that can _.A. fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgeryB. interact with human beings verballyC. have a little common senseD. respond independently to a changing world（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Besides reducing human labor, robots c
43、an also _.A. make a few decisions for themselvesB. deal with some errors with human interventionC. improve factory environmentsD. cultivate human creativity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are _.A. expected to copy human brain in internal structureB.
44、able to perceive abnormalities immediatelyC. far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant informationD. best used in a controlled environment（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.十、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the
45、 price of crude oil has jumped to almost $ 26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil price calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?T
46、he oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less
47、 severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump pr
48、ices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy
49、and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimated in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $ 22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this woul
