1、公共英语四级-481 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Name of Program _ for Today 1Topic Experiment on AnimalsGuest Jeff SachsPercentage of doctors supportingexperiments on animals_ 2Whether we experiment on animals or not is a_ question.3We experiment on an
2、imals because they are_ to stop us.4Its dangerous to say that we use animals in ex-periments because they lack our intelligence.Jeffs ideaAnimals have _ 5（分数：5.00）(1).Name of Program _ for Today 1Topic Experiment on AnimalsGuest Jeff SachsPercentage of doctors supportingexperiments on animals_ 2Whet
3、her we experiment on animals or not is a_ question.3We experiment on animals because they are_ to stop us.4Its dangerous to say that we use animals in ex-periments because they lack our intelligence.Jeffs ideaAnimals have _ 5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Name of Program _ for Today 1Topic Experiment on Animal
4、sGuest Jeff SachsPercentage of doctors supportingexperiments on animals_ 2Whether we experiment on animals or not is a_ question.3We experiment on animals because they are_ to stop us.4Its dangerous to say that we use animals in ex-periments because they lack our intelligence.Jeffs ideaAnimals have
5、_ 5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Name of Program _ for Today 1Topic Experiment on AnimalsGuest Jeff SachsPercentage of doctors supportingexperiments on animals_ 2Whether we experiment on animals or not is a_ question.3We experiment on animals because they are_ to stop us.4Its dangerous to say that we use anim
6、als in ex-periments because they lack our intelligence.Jeffs ideaAnimals have _ 5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Name of Program _ for Today 1Topic Experiment on AnimalsGuest Jeff SachsPercentage of doctors supportingexperiments on animals_ 2Whether we experiment on animals or not is a_ question.3We experiment
7、on animals because they are_ to stop us.4Its dangerous to say that we use animals in ex-periments because they lack our intelligence.Jeffs ideaAnimals have _ 5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Name of Program _ for Today 1Topic Experiment on AnimalsGuest Jeff SachsPercentage of doctors supportingexperiments on an
8、imals_ 2Whether we experiment on animals or not is a_ question.3We experiment on animals because they are_ to stop us.4Its dangerous to say that we use animals in ex-periments because they lack our intelligence.Jeffs ideaAnimals have _ 5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
9、 1:_填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11-13 are based on the passage about malls in the US. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.（分数：3.00）(1).What kind of person is called “mall rat“?A. One spends so much time at malls.B. One steals at malls.C. One sees dentists at malls.D. One eat
10、s a lot at malls.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is NOT the reason why people like malls?A. They feel safe because malls have police station of private security guards.B. They can be served free meals after doing shopping.C. They can do about everything at malls.D. The weather inside is
11、always fine.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How many cars can be parked in the Mail of America?A. 350 B. 2750 C. 7500 D. 1965（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 14-16 are based on a report about a book, “Paris: Capital of the World. “ You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.（分数：3.00）(1).Which university did his
12、torian Patrice Higonnet graduate from?A. Stanford UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyD. University of Michigan（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is Higonnets attitude towards the fact that the two sides of the “myth“ complemented each other?A. AppreciationB. Dislike C. Ind
13、ifference D. Anger（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The so-called Parisian Golden Age ran roughly from the French Revolution to _.A. 1925 B. 1935 C. 1945 D. 1955（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 17-20 are based on the following interview on freezing human being. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.（分数：4.00）
14、(1).What does Professor Morgan do?A. He is a film director of Science Fiction.B. He is a writer of Science Fiction.C. He is a scientist who researches on how to freeze a body and bring it back to life later.D. He is a doctor who treats terminal illnesses.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to Professor M
15、organ, what enables animals to freeze themselves?A. A certain chemical in their bodies.B. The change of certain circumstances around them.C. A certain temperature.D. A certain season in the year.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How long will Professor Morgan be able to freeze human beings for as long or as shor
16、t a time as he would like to?A. About ten years. B. About two years.C. About twenty years. D. About thirteen years.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What is true about the application of Professor Morgans research?A. It can be used to prolong everyones life.B. It can help find cures for terminal illnesses.C. It
17、can cure cancer and Aids.D. It can help freeze people with terminal illnesses and bring them back to life when the cure appears.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Most people would be (21) by the high quality of medicine (22) to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a g
18、reat deal of (23) to the individual, a (24) amount of advanced technical equipment, and (25) effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must (26) in the courts if they (27) things badly.But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in (28) health
19、care is organized and (29) . (30) to pubic belief it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not (31) the less fortunate and the elderly.But even with this huge public part of the system, (32) this year will eat
20、 up 84.5 billion dollars-more than 10 percent of the U.S. Budget-large number of Americans are left (33) . These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits (34) income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can.The basic problem, however,
21、 is that there is no central control (35) the health system. There is no (36) to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all
22、 the unfortunate persons concerned can do is (37) up. Two thirds of the population (38) covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want (39) that the insurance company will pay the bill.The rising cost of medicine in the U. S. A. is among the most worrying problems facing the count
23、ry. In 1981 the countrys health bill climbed 15.9 percent-about twice as fast as prices (40) general.（分数：20.00）(1).A. compressed B. impressed C. obsessed D. repressed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. available B. attainable C. achievable D. amenable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. extension B. retention C. attention D
24、. exertion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. countless B. titanic C. broad D. vast（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. intensive B. absorbed C. intense D. concentrated（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. run into B. encounter C. face D. defy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. treat B. deal C. maneuver D. handle（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. which B. that
25、 C. what D. when（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. to finance B. financed C. the finance D. to be financed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. Contrary B. Opposed to C. Averse D. Objected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. looking for B. looking into C. looking after D. looking over（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. which B. what C. that D. i
26、t（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. over B. out C. off D. away（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. for B. in C. with D. on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. over B. on C. under D. behind（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. boundary B. restriction C. confinement D. limit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. to pay B. paying C. pay D. to have paid（分数：1.00）A
27、.B.C.D.(18).A. is being B. are C. have been D. is（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. knowing B. to know C. they know D. known（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20).a. in B. with C. on D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The history of English is conventiona
28、lly, if perhaps too neatly, divided into three periods usually called Old (or Anglo-Saxon)English, Middle English, and Modern English. The earliest period begins with the migration of certain Germanic tribes from the continent to Britain in the fifth century A. D, though no records of their language
29、 survive from before the seventh century, and it continues until the end of the seventh century or a hit later. By that time, Latin, Old Norse(the language of the Viking invaders), and especially the Anglo-Nor-man French of the dominant class after the Norman Conquest in 1066 had begun to have a sub
30、stantial impact on the vocabulary, and the well-developed inflectional (词尾变化的) system that typifies the grammar of Old English had begun to break down.The period of Middle English extends roughly from the twelfth century through the fifteenth. The influence of French(and Latin, often by way of Frenc
31、h)upon the vocabulary continued throughout the period, the loss of some inflections and the reduction of others accelerated, and many changes took place within the grammatical systems of the language. A bypical prose passage, specially one from the later part of the period, will not have such a fore
32、ign look to us as the prose of Old English, but it will not be mistaken for contemporary writing either.The period of Modern English extends from the sixteenth century to our own day. The early part of this period saw the completion of a revolution in vowel distribution that had begun in late Middle
33、 English and that effectively brought the language to something resembling its present pattern. Other important early developments include the stabilizing effect on spelling of the printing press and the beginning of the direct influence of Latin, and to a lesser extent, Greek on the vocabulary. Lat
34、er, as English came into contact with other cultures around the world and distinctive dialects of English developed in the many areas which Britain had colonized, numerous other languages made small but interesting contributions to our word-stock.（分数：5.00）(1).The earliest written record of English a
35、vailable to us started _.A. from the seventh century B. from the fifth centuryC. from the twelfth century D. from the ninth century（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the main feature of the grammar of Old English?A. The influence of Latin.B. A revolution in vowel distribution.C. A well-developed inflectio
36、nal system.D. Loss of some inflections.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).what can be inferred from the passage?A. Even an educated person can not read oId English without special training.B. A person who knows French well can understand old English.C. An educated person can understand old English but can not pro
37、nounce it.D. A person can pronounce old English words but cant understand them.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is NOT mentioned?A. French. B. Latin. C. Greek. D. German.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the most remarkable characteristic of Modern English?A. Numerous additions to its vocabula
38、ry.B. Completion of a revolution in vowel distribution.C. Gradual changes in its grammatical system.D. The direct influence of Latin.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Whether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a
39、doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly weary and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful then idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relie
40、f of tedium up to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without th
41、e need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been
42、pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Moreover the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome. Except to people with unusual initiative it is positively agreeable to be told what to do at each h
43、our of the day, provided the orders are not too unpleasant. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from toil. At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially af
44、ter youth is past. Accordingly the more intelligent rich men work nearly as hard as if they were poor, while rich women for the most part keep themselves busy with innumerable trifles of those earth-shaking importance they are firmly persuaded.Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a pr
45、eventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more de
46、licious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities f
47、or ambition. In most work success is measured by income, and while our capitalistic society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire
48、for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can acquire. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in ones own circle.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the authors opinion about work?A. Work can keep people busy as if they were poor.B. Work is a cause of the greatest delight of life.C. Work is very tiresome, especially when too excessive.D. Work can at least give relief from boredom.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In the authors opinion, what is the las
