1、公共英语四级-474 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Segregation in EducationUntil the 1950s, the equal (1) provided by the 14th Americans of different origins. In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled that “segregation by race did not necessarily imply racial
2、(2) thus resulting the continuation of segregated schooling.I. In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled:States had to provide equal educational opportunities to all students and viewed segregated schooling as “ (3) unequal“II. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the United States started to eliminate segrega
3、ted schools.1) Desegregation processes instituted through (4) busing.2) Many white parents choosing to flee the inner city or enrolled their children in (5) schools.3) Some African -Americans leaving their (6) III. In recent years, (7) plans have been made to deal with the situation.1) Many plans fo
4、cused on (8) improvement and teacher training.2) Parents gain the right to choose their childrens school, public or private. (the “ (9) schools“ to draw white students back into inner city schools)Generally, the school does seem to be the most appropriate place to ensure that all people have equal o
5、pportunity in the country. So far, it has been the most appropriate place to begin the process of (10) The best method for realizing this goal, however, remains unclear.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).What is the
6、percent of the traditional families in the United States at present?A. 10% B. 25%. C. 35%. D. 50%.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following is NOT the reason for the changes in the family structure?A. The changing and changed family diversity.B. Aggressive enforcement of domestic violence laws.C.
7、Greater social acceptance of unmarried cohabitation.D. Changing religious attitudes and more spiritual flexibility.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The reason why some people are single are all of the following EXCEPT_.A. that marriage is regarded as a sexist institutionB. that they become single when their spo
8、use dieC. that people will for some reason get divorcedD. that marriage is seen as a quasi-religious institution（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).To most of these people, a domestic partnership means _.A. a non-marital family B. equal pay for equal workC. a publicity registered family unit D. domestic partner be
9、nefits compensation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When people do not get married, which of the following do they NOT choose to do?A. To have a domestic partner but not a spouse.B. To cohabit with an opposite-sex mate.C. To stay single all his/her life.D. To receive more pay package.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION
10、C(总题数：3，分数：4.00)1.Around how many tons of hazardous waste does the world produce each year?A150 million. B1.50 million. C15 million. D50 million.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：2.00）(1).What happened after the incident?A. The United States took no disciplinary action against the soldiers responsible for the de
11、ath of Italian intelligence agent Nicola Calipari.B. The soldier responsible for the death of Italian intelligence agent Nicola Calipari was indicted by Italy.C. The US government conducted a separate investigation into the incident.D. Prosecutor Franco Ionta had gathered enough evidence to convict
12、the US soldier involved.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Where was Italian intelligence agent Nicola Calipari killed?A. At an Italian airport. B. In southern Baghdad.C. At the Baghdad airport. D. At a checkpoint in Iraq.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Which of the following statements is true?A. There are two groups of engi
13、neers who are working on the alternative solutions of the program.B. Discoverys protective heat tiles ate out of order.C. NASA has made the decision on whether anything needs to be done about the gap fillers.D. According to NASA there is only a problem with Discovery and it can return to the earth s
14、afely.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In the evenings, they go to the mall. Once a week or more. Sometimes, they even leave the dinner dishes in the sink so they will have enough time to finish all the errands. The father never comeshe hates shopping, espec
15、ially with his wife. Instead, he stays at home to read the paper and put around his study: To do things that the other dads must be doing in the evenings. To summon the sand to come rushing in and plug up his ears with its roaring silence.Meanwhile, the mother arms herself with returns from the last
16、 trip. Her two young daughters forget games of flashlight tag or favorite TV shows and strap on tennis shoes and seatbelts： and theyre off. On summer nights, when its light until after the fireflies arrive, the air is heavy and moist. The daughters unroll their windows and stick the whole of their h
17、eads out into the slate blue sky, feeling full force the sweaty, honey suckle air. In the cold mall, their rubber soles squeak on shiny linoleum squares. The younger daughter tries not to step on any cracks. The older daughter keeps a straight-ahead gaze; her sullen eyes count down each errand as it
18、s done.It is not until the third or, on a good night, the fourth errand that the trouble begins. The girls have wandered over to examine rainbow beach towels, perhaps, or some kind of pink ruffled bedspread. The mothers voice finds them from a few aisles away.Dinner squirms in the daughters stomachs
19、. Now comes that what-if-I-threw-up-right-this-second? or where-is-a-rabbit-hole-for-me-to-fall-into? feeling that they get around this time of evening, at the mall. The older one shakes her ponytails at the younger one. Her blue eyes hiss the careful-dont-cry warning, but the younger ones cheeks on
20、ly get redder. Toe by toe, the daughters edge towards housewares where they finger lace placemats or trace patterns in the store carpet with sneakered soles. The mothers voice still finds them, shaking with rage. Finally, heels slapping in her sandals, she strides towards them and then keeps going.
21、They follow, catching her word-trail, “Stupid people. Stupid，stupid，stupid. I HATE stupid people.“ Its the little skips between steps the younger one takes to keep up with her mothers tong, angry legs. Its the car door slamming and the seat belt buckle yanked into place. Its those things that tell t
22、he daughters how the next few hours will go.In the car, the older one sighs and grinds her back teeth. The younger one feels her face get hotter and her eyes start to swell. She stares at an ice cream stain on the back of the front seat and sees a pony, a flower, and a fairy in that splash of chocol
23、ate mint chip. The mother begins on both at once. “And when we get home, if your shoes are still in the TV room, Im throwing them out. Same for books. No more shit house. No more lazy, ungrateful kids.“ And so on and so on through the black velvet sky and across the Hershey bar roads. On into the ho
24、use with a slap or two. “Youll be happy when Im in my grave,“ wails at them as they put on their nightgowns and brush their teeth. The older one sets a stone jaw and the younger one tries not to sob as she opens wide, engulfing her small hand and scrubbing each and every molar.The father is not spar
25、ed. The volcanic mother saves some up just for him. “Fucking lousy husband. Do-nothing father. “And on like that for an hour or so more. Then in the darkest part of the night, its bare feet and cool hands on a small sweaty forehead. Kisses and caresses and “Sorry Mom got a little mad.“ Promises for
26、that pink ruffled bedspread or maybe a new stuffed animal. Long fingers rake through the younger ones curls. “Tomorrow evening, well get you some kind of treat. Right after dinner, well go to the mall./（分数：5.00）(1).From the first paragraph, we get the impression thatA the father is inert. B their li
27、fe is bustling.C the evenings are exciting. D the mother is constantly nagging.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, the two daughters seem toA enjoy the evenings shopping in the beginning.B be reluctant to run errands with the mother.C enjoy browsing various kinds of items.D be glad to hel
28、p their mother with housework.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “squirms in the fourth paragraph probably meansA moves. B squirts.C wriggles. D digests.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe the mother?A Irritable. B Remorseful.C Amiable. D Discontented.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
29、.(5).Which category of writing does the text belong to?A Narration. B Description.C Persuasion. D Exposition.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Why should anyone buy the latest volume in the ever-expanding Dictionary of National Biography? I do not mean that it is bad, as the reviewers will agr
30、ee. But it will cost you 65 pounds. And have you got the rest of volumes? You need the basic 22 plus the largely decennial supplements to bring the total to 31. Of course, it will be answered, public and academic libraries want the new volume. After all, it adds 1,068 lives of people who escaped the
31、 net of the original compilers. Yet in 10 years time a revised version of the whole caboodle, called the New Dictionary of National Biography, will be published. Its editor, Professor Colin Matthew, tells me that he will have room for about 50,000 lives, some 13,000 more than in the current DNB. Thi
32、s rather puts the 1,068 in Missing Persons in the shade.When Dr Nicholls wrote to The Spectator in 1989 asking for names of people whom readers had looked up in the DNB and had been disappointed not to find, she says that she received some 100,000 suggestions. (Well, she had written to “other qualit
33、y newspapers“ too.) As soon as her committee had whittled the numbers down, the professional problems of an editor began. Contributors didnt file copy on time; some who did send too much: 50,000 words instead of 500 is a record, according to Dr Nieholls.There remains the dinner-party game of whos in
34、, whos out. That is a game that the reviewers have played and will continue to play. Criminals were my initial worry. After all, the original edition of the DNB boasted: Malefactors whose crimes excite a permanent interest have received hardly less attention than benefactors. Mr John Gross clearly h
35、ad similar anxieties, for he complains that, while the murderer Christie is in, Crippen is out. One might say in reply that the injustice of the hanging of Evans instead of Christie was a force in the repeal of capital punishment in Britain, as Ludovie Kennedy (the author of Christies entry in Missi
36、ng Persons)notes. But then Crippen was reputed as the first murderer to be caught by telegraphy (he had tried to escape by ship to America).It is surprising to find Max Miller excluded when really not very memorable names get in. There has been a conscious effort to put in artists and architects fro
37、m the Middle Ages. About their lives not much is always known.Of Hugo of Bury St Edmunds, a 12th-century illuminator whose dates of birth and death are not recorded, his biographer comments: “Whether or not Hugo was a wall-painter, the records of his activities as carver and manuscript painter attes
38、t to his versatility.“ Then there had to be more women, too (12 per cent, against the original DBNs 3), such as Roy Strongs subject, the Tudor painter Levina Teerlinc, of whom he remarks: “Her most characteristic feature is a head attached to a too small, spindly body. Her technique remained awkward
39、, thin and often cursory.“ Doesnt seem to qualify her as a memorable artist. Yet it may be better than the record of the original DNB, which included lives of people who never existed (such as Merlin) and even managed to give thanks to J.W.Clerke as a contributor, though, as a later edition admits i
40、n a shamefaced footnote, “except for the entry in the List of Contributors there is no trace of J.W. Clerke/（分数：5.00）(1).The writer suggests that there is no sense in buying the latest volume _.A) because it is not worth the priceB) because it has fewer entries than beforeC) unless one has all the v
41、olumes in his collectionD) unless an expanded DNB will come out shortly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).On the issue of who should be included in the DNB, the writer seems to suggest that _.A) the editors had clear rules to follow B) there were too many criminals in the entriesC) the editors clearly favoured be
42、nefactors D) the editors were irrational in their choices（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Crippen was absent from the DNB _.A) because he escaped to the U.S. B) because death sentence had been abolishedC) for reasons not clarified D) because of the editors mistake（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author quoted a few ent
43、ries in the last paragraph to _.A) illustrate some features of the DNB B) give emphasis to his argumentC) impress the reader with its content D) highlight the people in the Middle Ages（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Throughout the passage, the writers tone towards the DNB was _.A) complimentary B) supportive C
44、) sarcastic D) bitter（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The inner circle train from the City rushed impetuously out of a black hole and pulled up with a discordant, grinding racket in the smirched twilight of a West-End station. A line of doors flew open and a lot of men stepped out headlong. T
45、hey had high hats, healthy pale faces, dark overcoats and shiny boots; they held in their gloved hands thin umbrellas and hastily folded evening papers that resembled stiff, dirty rags of greenish, pinkish, or whitish color. Alvan Harvey stepped out with the rest, a smoldering cigar between his teet
46、h. A disregarded little woman in rusty black, with both arms full of parcels, ran along in distress, bolted suddenly into a third-class compartment and the train went on. The slamming of carriage doors burst out sharp and spiteful like a fusillade; an icy draught mingled with acrid fumes swept the w
47、hole length of the platform and made a tottering old man, wrapped up to his ears in a woolen comforter, stop short in the moving throng to cough violently over his stick. No one spared him a glance.Alvan Hervey passed through the ticket gate. Between the bare walls of a sordid staircase men clambere
48、d rapidly; their backs appeared alikealmost as if they had been wearing a uniform; their indifferent faces were varied but somehow suggested kinship, like the faces of a band of brothers who through prudence, dignity, disgust, or foresight would resolutely ignore each other; and their eyes, quick or
49、 slow; their eyes gazing up the dusty steps; their eyes brown, black, gray, blue, had all the same stare, concentrated and empty, satisfied and unthinking.Outside the big doorway of the street they scattered in all directions, walking away fast from one another with the hurried air of men fleeing from somethin
