1、公共英语四级-472 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).How much does Harvard University plan to give in “presidential scholarships,“ which is a new program to encourage graduate students t
2、o enter public service?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Before becoming Harvards president, Mr. Summers was an（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Harvards new loan program will begin next month and the scholarships in（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The fellowships will extend to most of Harvards graduate programs, excluding（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
3、(5).How many fellowships does Harvard expect to give in the arts and sciences in the next three years?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)(1).How many children did Susan and Michael interview?A. 150. B. 151.C. 152. D. 153.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why do many of the boys avoid certain instruments?A.
4、Because they find it not challenging enough to play them.B. Because they consider it important to be different from girls.C. Because they find them too hard to play.D. Because they think it silly to play them.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which group of children have a bias when choosing musical instruments?
5、A. Children with private music tutors.B. Children who are between 5 and 7.C. Children who are well-educated.D. Children who are 8 or older.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Whats the main topic of this passage?A. The tests of new airliner before its flying.B. How to protect a new airliner?C. How to train a new p
6、ilot?D. What the airliner engineers should do?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why air must be pumped into the plane?A. Because without air the plane cant fly.B. Because the plane needs air for its fuel.C. Because the passengers lives depend on air.D. Because the passengers have paid for it.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3)
7、.What would happen if a small part of the plane were cracked?A. The plane would not go forward.B. The plane would explode.C. The plane would fall down.D. The plane would fly slowly.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).For what purpose does the pilot shut off all the engines?A. To find out exactly what happens.B. To
8、 save fuel.C. To fly more slowly.D. To keep balance.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).What kind of tour is Sam leading?A. a bus tourB. a train tourC. a walking tourD. a business tour（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The original buildings on the site were _A. houses.B. industrial buildings.C. shops.D. parks（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(
9、3).The local residents wanted to use the site for _A. leisure.B. apartment blocks.C. a sports centre.D. warehouses（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Who won the World Cup 2006 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? (21) an event t
10、akes place, newspapers are on the streets (22) the detail. Wherever anything happens in the world, reporters are on the spots to (23) the news.Newspapers have one basic (24) , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to (25) it.Radio, telegraph
11、, television, and (26) inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. (27) , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the (28) and thus the
12、efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are (29) and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out into many other fields. Besides keeping readers (30) of the latest news, todays newspapers (31) and influence readers about politics and other important and ser
13、ious matters.Newspapers influence readers economic choices (32) advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very (33) .Newspapers are sold at a price that (34) even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main (35) of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The
14、 (36) in selling advertising depends on a newspapers value to advertisers. This (37) in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper?Circulation depends (38) on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment (39) in a newspapers pages. But for the most part,
15、circulation depends on a newspapers value to readers as a source of information (40) the community, city, county, state, nation, and world and even outer space.（分数：20.00）(1).A. Just when B. While C. Soon after D. Before（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. to give B. giving C. given D. being given（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
16、.(3).A. gather B. spread C. carry D. bring（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. reason B. cause C. problem D. purpose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. make B. publish C. know D. write（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. another B. other C. one another D. the other（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. However B. And C. Therefore D. So（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
17、.(8).A. value B. ratio C. rate D. speed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. spread B. passed C. printed D. completed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. inform B. be informed C. to be informed D. informed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. entertain B. encourage C. educate D. edit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. on B. through C. with D. of（分数
18、：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. forms B. existence C. contents D. purpose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. tries to cover B. manages to coverC. fails to cover D. succeeds in covering（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. source B. origin C. course D. finance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. way B. means C. chance D. success（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
19、(17).A. measures B. measured C. is measured D. was measured（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. somewhat B. little C. much D. something（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. offering B. offered C. which offered D. to be offered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. by B. with C. at D. about（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.
20、00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Would you like to orbit the Earth inside the International Space Station? Now you can take a space holidayfor a price. This is due to a recent decision by top space officials of the United States, Russia, Canada, Japan and the European Space Agency
21、.Last April, American businessman Dennis Tito reportedly paid between twelve million and twenty million dollars to spend one week on the International Space Station. NASA had strongly objected to the Russian plan to permit a civilian on the costly research vehicle. After two years of negotiations, s
22、pace officials have agreed on a process to train private citizens to take trips to the International Space Station.NASA recently agreed to conditions that will permit Russia to sell trips to the space station. The trips are planned by an American company called Space Adventures Limited of Arlington,
23、 Virginia. The company calls itself “the worlds leading space tourism company“. The company has sold a space trip to Mark Shuttle-worth , a South African businessman. In April, Mr Shuttleworth will be launched into space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.Experts say the change in policy at
24、NASA shows a new desire to use space vehicles for business and industrial purposes. In a speech to Congress last year, NASA official Michael Hawes said that the space agency had not considered civilian travel as one of the industries it wanted to develop. However, Mr Hawes said that private space tr
25、avel could now be done as long as safety measures are observed carefully.Yet, the average citizen will not be able to travel into space in the near future. Space Adventures Limited sells a training program for space flight that costs two hundred thousand dollars. That price does not include the cost
26、 of the trip to the International Space Station. That holiday in space costs twenty million dollars.Candidates for adventure space travel trips must be in excellent heaith and must pass difficult health tests. They must receive a lot of training. Besides, good English can help you prepare for a spac
27、e holiday. This is because all successful candidates who wish to travel to the International Space Station must be able to read and speak English.（分数：5.00）(1).At first, NASA is_private citizens space travel.A. for B. againstC. indifferent to D. hesitant about（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The time between Ame
28、rican businessman Dennis Titos and a South African businessman Mark Shuttleworths space travel is_.A. one year B. two yearsC. three years D. four years（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).NASA thinks space travellers must_to do private space travel.A. observe safety measures carefullyB. have a new desire to use spa
29、ce vehicles for civilian travelC. negotiate with Russia or NASAD. be as rich as Dennis Tito and Mark Shuttleworth（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).If a person really wants to go to the space station,he or she should spend_in total.A. $ 200000 B. twelve million dollarsC. twenty million dollars D.more than twenty
30、million dollars（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Those who want to travel in the space should _.A. afford the expenses of the space trip B. pass the health check and physical trainingC. speak English D. alI of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)One important aspect of retirement for most people
31、is deciding where to live. In the past, this was not an issue because most elderly persons remained at home where they could be close to family. In contemporary times, parents and grown children go their separate ways, staying in touch through the telephone and, more recently, through e-mail. Every
32、year, more than 400,000 adults who are 55 or older move out of their home state and relocate.Florida leads all states in the proportion of elderly people-19 percent over 65 years of age, most of whom relocated from other places. Thus, Florida cities have become known as retirement centers. Among tho
33、se prominently mentioned are Boca Raton, Daytona Beach, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Naples, and Ocala where between 20 and 25 percent of the residents is over 65 years of age. Two other Florida cities, Saint Petersburg and Sarasota, have even higher proportions-25 percent and 32 percent respectivel
34、y. Other cities that have gained reputations as retirement centers with large number of elderly are Savannah, Georgia, Prescott and Scottsdale, Arizona, Palm Springs, California, and Asheville, North Carolina. Even tourist centers like Las Vegas and Reno, Nevada, where residents pay no income tax an
35、d no inheritance or estate taxes, are attracting growing numbers of seniors.There are also many smaller private development communities that are-packaged as state-of-the-art retirement communities with such amenities as golf courses, lakes for fishing and boating, cultural and recreation activities.
36、 They go by such names as Sun City Grand near Phoenix, Arizona, Sun City Palm Desert near Palm Springs California, Sun City Summerland near Las Vegas, Nevada, and Fords Colony close to Williamsburg, Virginia among others.To the extent that the proportion of retired elderly people in towns and region
37、s continues to grow, certain consequences tend to follow. Where such communities are essentially residential, their revenue base depends largely on the individual wealth of their residents. For this reason, the economies of such communities are becoming increasingly dependent on the rise and fall of
38、 pensions, Social Security, and Medicare payments. Retirees are also likely to block future industrial development efforts since their priorities emphasize nice climate and attractive places to live and recreate. They are inclined to reject the noise and congestion that comes with new factories and
39、the jobs they bring to the economy.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage?A. Retired People. B. Retirement Centers.C. The Increase of Aging Population. D. A Demographic Trend.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, there are a growing number of aged p
40、eople relocating their homes becauseA. they do not need to pay taxes.B. they could not get along with their neighbors.C. they do net live close to their own children.D. they want to live their own way of life.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The words in the following mean the same thing EXCEPT forA. Retirement
41、 centers. B. Retirement sites.C. Retirement state. D. Retirement communities.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the word “amenities“ in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Things that make life easy and pleasant.B. Activities.C. Interests.D. Agreeable features of places.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From the last paragraph it c
42、an be concluded that the continuous growth of retired peopleA. will contradict future industrial development.B. will stabilize the economies of such communities.C. will spoil the relationship between the elderly and the young.D. will be good for tourist industry.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.十、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数
43、：5.00)With the extension of democratic rights in the first half of the nineteenth century and the ensuing decline of the Federalist establishment, a new conception of education began to emerge. Education was no longer a confirmation of a pre-existing status, but an instrument in the acquisition of h
44、igher status. For a new generation of upwardly mobile students, the goal of education was not to prepare them to live comfortably in the world into which they had been born, but to teach them new virtues and skills that would propel them into a different and better world. Education became training;
45、and the student was no longer the gentleman-in-waiting,but the journeyman apprentice for upward mobility.In the nineteenth century a college education began to be seen as a way to get ahead in the world. The founding of the land-grant colleges opened the doors of higher education to poor but aspirin
46、g boys from non-Anglo-Saxon, working-class and lower-middle-class backgrounds. The myth of the poor boy who worked his way through college to success drew millions of poor boys to the new campuses. And with this shift, education became more vocational: its object was the acquisition of practical ski
47、lls and useful information.For the gentleman-in-waiting, virtue consisted above all in grace and style, in doing well what was appropriate to his position; education was merely a way of acquiring polish. And vice was manifested in gracelessness, awkwardness, in behaving inappropriately, discourteous
48、ly, or ostentatiously. For the apprentice, however, virtue was evidenced in success through hard work. The requisite qualities of character were not grace or style, but drive, determination, and a sharp eye for opportunity. While casual liberality and even prodigality characterized the gentleman, fr
49、ugality, thrift, and self-control came to distinguish the new apprentice. And while the gentleman did not aspire to a higher station because his station was already high, the apprentice was continually becoming, striving, struggling upward. Failure for the apprentice meant standing still, not rising.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is true according to the first para
