1、公共英语四级-461 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)PACKHAMS SHIPPING AGENCY-Customer Quotation FormCountry of destination (1) Name Jason KingAddress to be collected from (2) College, Downlands Road, BristolSize of the Box Length: 1.5m 3. Width: _; Height:
2、0.9mContents Clothes, books, (4) Total estimated value 5. _（分数：5.00）(1).PACKHAMS SHIPPING AGENCY-Customer Quotation FormCountry of destination (1) Name Jason KingAddress to be collected from (2) College, Downlands Road, BristolSize of the Box Length: 1.5m 3. Width: _; Height:0.9mContents Clothes, bo
3、oks, (4) Total estimated value 5. _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).PACKHAMS SHIPPING AGENCY-Customer Quotation FormCountry of destination (1) Name Jason KingAddress to be collected from (2) College, Downlands Road, BristolSize of the Box Length: 1.5m 3. Width: _; Height:0.9mContents Clothes, books, (4) Total es
4、timated value 5. _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).PACKHAMS SHIPPING AGENCY-Customer Quotation FormCountry of destination (1) Name Jason KingAddress to be collected from (2) College, Downlands Road, BristolSize of the Box Length: 1.5m 3. Width: _; Height:0.9mContents Clothes, books, (4) Total estimated value 5.
5、_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).PACKHAMS SHIPPING AGENCY-Customer Quotation FormCountry of destination (1) Name Jason KingAddress to be collected from (2) College, Downlands Road, BristolSize of the Box Length: 1.5m 3. Width: _; Height:0.9mContents Clothes, books, (4) Total estimated value 5. _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_
6、(5).PACKHAMS SHIPPING AGENCY-Customer Quotation FormCountry of destination (1) Name Jason KingAddress to be collected from (2) College, Downlands Road, BristolSize of the Box Length: 1.5m 3. Width: _; Height:0.9mContents Clothes, books, (4) Total estimated value 5. _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数
7、：5.00)(1).What did Schuberts father do?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What do you know about Schuberts friends?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Schubert earned his living by（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).In 1827 Schubert wrote his song-cycle for（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Schubert had little academic training but a sure（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part
8、 C(总题数：4，分数：12.00)(1).What are the two seasonings used by most Americans?A. Salt and chili.B. Oregano and ketchup.C. Pepper and ketchup.D. Garlic and salt.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do experts say about American diet?A. Americans eat too many vegetables.B. Americans should eat more beef.C. Fatty beef
9、 is good for us.D. Americans eat too much beef.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In what way is American food different from food of other countries?A. American food is dull and tasteless.B. American food has few spices beside salt, pepper and ketchup.C. Americans have different kinds of food served at meals.D.
10、Americans prefer well-seasoned beef.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).Why is the study important to human?A. Because people have an interest in childrens learning.B. Because it leads to greater understanding of language.C. Because it encourages the researchers to work hard.D. Because it is good to childrens heal
11、th.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How many periods of time do the researchers study on childrens language development?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is true about children under five?A. They begin to make linguistic analysis.B. They begin to develop both phonologic
12、al and grammatical competence.C. They begin to have semantic competence.D. A and B.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).At least, how many years will People who are overweight at 40 lose?A. One year B. Two years C. Three years D. Four years（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to Dr. Serge Jabbour, what message does the s
13、tudy carry?A. People have to work early on their weightB. Overweight people have shorter life expectanciesC. Smoking is damaging to life expectancyD. If people are overweight by their mid-30s to mid-40s, if they lose some weight later on, they will carry a lower risk of dying（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The
14、 researchers said “. which shows another potentially preventable public health disaster. “ What does “another potentially preventable public health disaster“ here refer to?A. Smoking B. Obesity in young adultsC. Drinking D. Obesity in elderly adults（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(1).What do we know about the orig
15、in of language?A. The origin of the language is reflected in sounds and letters.B. The origin of language is handed down from generation to generation.C. The origin of language dates back to the prehistoric period.D. The origin of language is a problem not yet solved.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According t
16、o the talk, what do words mean?A. They are visual letters.B. They are represented by sounds.C. They are sounds represented by letters.D. They are signs called letters.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the talk what is the secret of a writer s success?A. It is the use of words that recall to us the g
17、lad and sad events of our past.B. It is the use of words that are arranged in a creative way.C. It is the use of words that are as beautiful as music.D. It is the use of words that agree with certain literary style.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Learning disabilities are very c
18、ommon. They (21) perhaps 10 percent of all children. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are (22) by many different things. There is no longer any (23) that all learning disabilities (24) differences in the way the brain is organized.Since there
19、is no (25) sign of the disorder, some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.In one study, researchers (26) the brain of a learning-disabled person. They found two unusual things. One (27) cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells (2
20、8) are white, in the learning disabled person, (29) , these cells were gray. The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the (30) they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.The study was carded out (31) the guidance of Norman Geschwind, an expert on lea
21、rning disabilities. Doctor Geschwind (32) that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain, and this part of brain failed to develop normally. Probably, he said, nerve cells there did not connect (33) they should. So the brain was like an electrical device in wh
22、ich the wires were (34) .Other researchers did not examine brain (35) Instead, they measured the brains electrical activity and made a map of the electrical (36) . Frank Duffy experimented with this (37) and found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading prob
23、lems. The differences appeared (38) the brain. Doctor Duffy said his research is (39) that reading disabilities involve (40) to a wide area of the brain, not just the left side.（分数：20.00）(1).A. influence B. effect C. affect D. shape（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. caused B. attributed C. resulted D. brought（
24、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. question B. problem C. point D. issue（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. bring about B. inherit from C. turn up D. result from（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. inner B. interior C. outward D. outer（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. examined B. analyzed C. diagnosed D. observed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. comprised
25、 B. consisted C. contained D. involved（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. invariably B. normally C. virtually D. actually（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. instead B. furthermore C. then D. however（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. way B. manner C. pattern D. fashion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. in B. at C. under D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
26、(12).A. illustrated B. proposed C. hypothesized D. inferred（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. as B. when C. if D. how（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. mixed B. woven C. knitted D. crossed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. organ B. tissue C. organism D. cells（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. signals B. signs C. marks D. messages（分数：1.00）
27、A.B.C.D.(17).A. process B. procedure C. technology D. technique（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. through B. throughout C. inside D. over（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. evidence B. demonstration C. manifestation D. testimony（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. destruction B. injury C. wound D. damage（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section R
28、eading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Standing on the rim of the Grand Canyon, gazing across this giant wound in the Earths surface, a visitor might assume that the canyon had been caused by some ancient convulsion. In fact, the events that produced the canyon, far
29、 from being sudden and cataclysmic, simply add up to the slow and orderly process of erosion.Many millions of years ago the Colorado Plateau in the Grand Canyon area contained 10,000 more feet of rock than it does today and was relatively level. The additional material consisted of some 14 layered f
30、ormations of rock. In the Grand Canyon-region these layers were largely worn away over the course of millions of years.Approximately 65 million years ago the plateaus flat surface in the Grand Canyon area bulged upward from internal pressure; geologists refer to this bulging action as upwarping; it
31、was followed by a general elevation of the whole Colorado Plateau, a process that is still going on. As the plateau gradually rose, shallow rivers that meandered across it began to run more swiftly and cut more definite courses. One of these rivers, located east of the upwarp, was the ancestor of th
32、e Colorado. Another river system, called the Hualapai, flowing west of the upwarp, extended itself eastward by cutting back into the upwarp; it eventually connected with the ancient Colorado and captured its waters. The new river then began to carve out the 277-mile-long trench that eventually becam
33、e the Grand Canyon. Geologists estimate that this initial cutting action began no earlier than 10 million years ago.Since then, the canyon forming has been cumulative. To the corrosive force of the river itself have been added other factors. Heat and cold, rain and snow, along with the varying resis
34、tance of the rocks, increase the opportunities for erosion. The canyon walls crumble; the river acquires a cutting tool, tons of debris; rainfall running off the high plateau creates feeder streams that carve side canyons. Pushing slowly backward into the plateau, the side canyons expose new rocks,
35、and the pat- tern of erosion continues.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the text mainly discuss?A. Patterns of erosion in different mountain ranges.B. Forces that made the Grand Canyon.C. The increasing pollution of the Colorado River.D. The sudden appearance of the Grand Canyon.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In line 1
36、, the author refers to the Grand Canyon as a “wound“ to indicate that _.A. it was caused by some ancient convulsionB. its presence is an embarrassment to the state of ColoradoC. it looks like an injury on the Earths surfaceD. it has caused many visitors to injure themselves（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Accor
37、ding to the text, the first phenomenon to contribute to the formation of the Grand Canyon was _.A. a series of volcanic eruptionsB. the collapse of rock formations in the Colorado PlateauC. a succession of floods from the Hualapai River and what is now the Colorado RiverD. the Earths internal pressu
38、re lifting the Colorado Plateau region（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What was the geographic position of the upwarp approximately 65 million years ago?A. To the east of what is now the Colorado River.B. To the west of the Hualapai River.C. At the source of Hualapai River and what is now the Colorado River.D.
39、Between the Hualapai River and what is now the Colorado River.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).We can conclude from the text that _.A. Its contours are constantly changing.B. It contains approximately 14 million tons of rock.C. Its eruptions have increased in recent years.D. It is being eroded by toxic waste an
40、d pollutants.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Popular education in England started as a social welfare as well as an educational service. Robert Raikes, who opened the first Sunday School in 1780, and the two bodies of religious and philanthropic people who provided all the day schools unt
41、il 1870, were inspired to act by two motives-one was shame at the existence in a great country like England of children and many adults who could not read or write, and the other was concern at the conditions which the industrial revolution had provided for the swarms of children who inhabited the n
42、ew towns.This approach to popular education was not the same in other countries. In Prussia, Switzerland, France and in the U. S. A. , the duty to see that future citizens were educated was recognized as that of the State, and public money was allotted to it much earlier than in England. Although th
43、e churches in some of these countries were associated with the State system-since religion was recognized to have an important share in the upbringing of the young-the prime motive force was education. The doctrines of the French Revolution were mainly responsible on the Continent for a first approa
44、ch to educational opportunity, but these doctrines did not meet with the approval of the governing classes in this country. No statesman here at the beginning of the nineteenth century would have echoed Thomas Jeffersons famous saying of 1812 that “if a nation expects to be both free and ignorant it
45、 expects what never was and never can be in a state of civilization“. The most our leaders achieved was the reluctant recognition, sixty years later, that “we must educate our masters“. But if we were later than other nations in realizing the importance of popular education, our system has gained so
46、mething from its dual (double) origin. We have, sooner than other countries, realized that education is not merely instruction, that schools are places where the very young children can be cared for, and that all children have bodies as well as minds.（分数：5.00）(1).Popular education in England before
47、1870 was NOT funded by _.A. the government B. the churchesC. individuals D. social welfare organizations（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What was the major educational difference between Britain and the U. S. in the 19th century?A. The U. S. government alone funded the popular education.B. In the U. S. public f
48、und was given to education much earlier than in England.C. Only in England the churches supported popular education.D. Education in England was funded from two sources while it was funded from one in the U. S.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From his famous saying of 1812 we can see that Thomas Jefferson _.A. b
49、elieved the doctrines of the French Revolution were irrelevant to his countryB. refused to believe popular education alone could win freedom for any nationC. believed no statesman in England would approve the doctrines of the French RevolutionD. refused to believe freedom and ignorance could exist together（分数
