1、公共英语四级-457 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Statistic. The defendant is guilty or not?1) Expert:A. A DNA sample (1) defendants. (1) _B. The possibility of odds is one in million.2) Defense lawyer:Counter the fact that if in a city of three mill
2、ion people, there are (2) (2) _matching each others DNA. Unjust discrimination?1) Universities add additional points to minority group students.They unlawfully make an easier (3) for those students. (3) _2) Annie was kept from (4) . Her lawyer used statistics to show (4) _that workers, who were not
3、in (5) group, with the same (5) _qualifications were promoted.3) Tobacco companies won the cases because of the (6) . (6) _Warning: statistics should be (7) along with other evidence. (7) _. Statistics in calculation:1) (8) analysis: e.g. Bert could no longer work. Statisticians (8) _predict how lon
4、g he could work and how long he could have made.2) Multiple regression analysis: Statistician finds the “best fit“for all the sample data when multiple independent (9) are at work. (9) _. Statistics on the witness stand:-experts know how to make statistics (10) (10) _-cross examine and challenge the
5、 validity of statistics（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Which of the following is INCORRECT about Los Angeles?A. There are many attractive places to visit.B. The cost of living is in the medium range.C. Apartment rentals ar
6、ent as high as in New York City.D. Its culture is internationally famous.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why would the job in Atlanta City probably be the best for Mary in terms of career progression?A. It offers the highest salary. B. It has the most responsibility.C. It has much room for promotion. D. She li
7、kes the job most.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned about Los Angeles?A. Pantages Theater is its architectural landmark.B. Many museums and galleries offer free admission.C. University of California is located in this city.D. It is the most magnificent metropolitan city in
8、the U.S.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The following are the benefits for Mary to get the Los Angeles job EXCEPTA. the city is the closest to New York City.B. the working environment is good for health.C. she has good chance of further education.D. the city is thick with cultural atmosphere.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(
9、5).At last, Mary is inclined to choose the job inA. Los Angeles. B. Detroit.C. Atlanta City. D. New York City.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、SECTION C(总题数：3，分数：4.00)1. In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each
10、question on your answer sheet.Frances highest court halted the final voyage of the Clemenceau becauseA the French President Jacque Chirac has ordered the return of it.B some substances on board the ship may harm peoples health.C the Clemenceau should return to France at the end of the week.D the Fre
11、nch President is ordering a test to discover what is on board.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：2.00）(1).What is the main idea of the news item?A Somalia is re-infected with polio virus. B Somalia has successfully eradicated polio.C Somalia suffers from indigenous polio. D Polio still persists in developing coun
12、tries.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the WHO, what does the success that Somalia has achieved show?A Polio can be re-infected with virus originating from other countries.B Polio can be eventually wiped out however persistent it may seem.C Polio can be eradicated from areas where no central govern
13、ment functions.D Polio can be eliminated from developing countries where it persists.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Frances stand of the conflict between Israel and Palestine isA to mediate between the two parties. B to distinguish them as two countries.C to invite Hamas leaders to Paris. D to legitimize terror
14、 in Palestine.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I was just a boy when my father brought me to Harlem for the first time, almost 50 years ago. We stayed at the Hotel Theresa, a grand brick structure at 125th Street and Seventh Avenue. Once, in the hotel restau
15、rant, my father pointed out Joe Louis. He even got Mr Brown, the hotel manager, to introduce me to him, a bit paunchy but still the champ as far as I was concerned.Much has changed since then. Business and real estate are booming. Some say a new renaissance is under way. Others decry what they see a
16、s outside forces running roughshod over the old Harlem.New York meant Harlem to me, and as a young man I visited it whenever I could. But many of my old haunts are gone. The Theresa shut down in 1966. National chains that once ignored Harlem now anticipate yuppie money and want pieces of this prime
17、Manhattan real estate. So here I am on a hot August afternoon, sitting in a Starbucks that two years ago opened a block away from the Theresa, snatching at memories between sips of high-priced coffee. I am about to open up a piece of the old Harlem the New York Amsterdam News when a tourist asking d
18、irections to Sylvias, a prominent Harlem restaurant, penetrates my daydreaming. Hes carrying a book: Touring Historic Harlem.History. I miss Mr Michauxs bookstore, his House of Common Sense, which was across from the Theresa. He had a big billboard out front with brown and black faces painted on it
19、that said in large letters: “World History Book Outlet on 2,000,000,000 Africans and Nonwhite Peoples.“ An ugly state office building has swallowed that space.I miss speaker like Carlos Cooks, who was always on the southwest corner of 125th and Seventh, urging listeners to support Africa. Harlems po
20、werful political electricity seems unplugged - although the streets are still energized, especially by West African immigrants.Hard-working southern newcomers formed the bulk of the community back in the 1920s and 30s, when Harlem renaissance artists, writers, and intellectuals gave it a glitter and
21、 renown that made it the capital of black America. From Harlem, W.E.B. DuBois, Langston Hughes, Paul Robeson, Zora Neal Hurston, and others helped power Americas cultural influence around the world.By the 1970s and 80s drugs and crime had ravaged parts of the community. And the life expectancy for m
22、en in Harlem was less than that of men in Bangladesh. Harlem had become a symbol of the dangers of inner-city life.Now, you want to shout “Lookin good!“ at this place that has been neglected for so long. Crowds push into Harlem USA, a new shopping centre on 125th, where a Disney store shares space w
23、ith HMV Records, the New York Sports Club, and a nine-screen Magic Johnson theatre complex. Nearby, a Rite Aid drugstore also opened. Maybe part of the reason Harlem seems to be undergoing a rebirth is that it is finally getting what most people take for granted.Harlem is also part of an “empowermen
24、t zone“-a federal designation aimed at fostering economic growth that will bring over half a billion in federal, state, and local dollars. Just the shells of once elegant old brownstones now can cost several hundred thousand dollars. Rents are skyrocketing. An improved economy, tougher law enforceme
25、nt, and community efforts against drugs have contributed to a 60 percent drop in crime since 1993.（分数：5.00）(1).At the beginning the author seems to indicate that HarlemA. has remained unchanged all these years.B. has undergone drastic changes.C. has become the capital of Black America.D. has remaine
26、d a symbol of the dangers of inner-city life.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).When the author recalls Harlem in the old days, he has a feeling ofA. indifference. B. discomfort.C. delight. D. nostalgia.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Harlem was called the capital of Black America in the 1920s and 30s mainly because of itsA
27、. art and culture. B. immigrant population.C. political enthusiasm. D. distinctive architecture.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the passage we can infer that, generally speaking, the authorA. has strong reservations about the changes.B. has slight reservations about the changes.C. welcomes the changes in
28、Harlem.D. is completely opposed to the changes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is NOT an appropriate depiction of the present-day Harlem?A. Harlem is now seen as a tourist attraction.B. Harlem is becoming an expensive place to live in.C. Harlem has transformed into a place of entertainme
29、nt.D. Harlems crime rate remains the same as ever.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The concern throughout the world in 1988 for those three whales that were locked in the Arctic ice was dramatic proof that whales, several species of which face extinction, have become subjects of considerable
30、sympathy.These are the recorded voices of whales. These monstrous creatures have been trumpeting their songs, one to another, in the worlds oceans since the dawn of time, while overhead, great empires and civilizations have come and gone. Now, their time of decline has come. It began a long time ago
31、.Four-thousand-year-old rock carvings show that the people who lived in what is now Norway were probably the first to seek out and kill whales in the sea. By around 890 AD, 3,000 years later, the practice had spread to the Basque people of France and Spain, who hunted whales from boats in the Bay of
32、 Biscay. In the centuries that followed, whaling became an important industry in Denmark, England, Germany, the Netherlands, and, finally, in what would become America.Whaling went into dramatic decline, beginning around 1900. Today, whales are hunted commercially only by Norway, Iceland and Japan.
33、The worlds fascination with them, however, is at an all-time high, because so few of them are left, given their tragic history.Richard Ellis writes about whales, takes pictures of whales in the open sea, and sketches whales stranded on the beach. He says its a 20-year obsession that began in the mid
34、-1960s, when he designed a model of a great blue for the Museum of Natural History in New York.“As I began to do the research. I realized that nobody knew anything about whales. And I couldnt really find any pictures of what they looked like: all I could find was pictures of dead whales. And I becam
35、e very excited at the prospect of doing what seemed to be original research on something that was so peculiar, which was the largest animal that has ever lived on earth. “So large, he discovered, that the largest dinosaur weighed only half as much as the female blue whale. As he continued his resear
36、ch he boarded scientific vessels. Dove with whales in the Pacific, and even watched whales die at the hands of modern, explosive-tipped harpoons. His sketches appeared in magazines and encyclopedias and at the center of what was then the beginning of a movement to save the whales.“I was one of those
37、 people who used to stand on street corners and ask for people to sign petitions, which at that time were directed towards the Japanese and the Soviets. Because in that period of timelate 60s, early 70sthe Japanese and the Soviets were killing tens of thousands of sperm particularly in the North Pac
38、ific. And we thought that getting the worlds opinion on paper would make them say, Oh look, all these people dont like what we are doing. We will stop. Well, of course, they didnt stop. “Not at first, commercial whaling peaked in the mid-1960s, with more than 60,000 whales killed each year. The Inte
39、rnational Whaling Commission, a group of member nations aimed at regulating the industry, began to make recommendations to end commercial whaling entirely. Why kill whales for soap, or fuel or paints and vernishes, even margarine, if we had substitutes for all those products? The seemingly senseless
40、 slaughter focused the worlds attention on the whale and consequently the International Whaling Commission or IWC.“And since its said nowhere in the constitution of the IWC that you had to be whaling nation to join, you have countries like Kenya and the Seychelles. Switzerland is a member of the IWC
41、, a country not known for its whaling history. Countries joined because they felt that this was something that needed to be done. “By 1986, the Commission had passed a moratorium on commercial whaling. But since the organization had no enforcement powers, it could and can not impose sanctions on vio
42、lators. Only a few nationsJapan, Iceland and Norwaycontinue to hunt whales commercially.Richard Ellis says there is something magical about this animal caught in the net of life and time and we must continue to fight to preserve it, because in the end we are really protecting a small part of ourselv
43、es and our earth.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, which country has the longest history of whaling?A. Danmark. B. Norway. C. Netherlands. D. Iceland.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following words can best replace the word “obsession“ in Paragraph 5?A. enchantment B. avocation C. fascination
44、 D. rapturousness（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We can learn all the following information about whales from the passage EXCEPT_.A. some of them are so large, even larger than dinosaursB. they have lived on the earth much longer than human beingsC. we didnt have a picture of a living whale until mid-1960sD. t
45、hey went into decline around 1900（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which statement is the true description about IWC?A. The purpose of the foundation of IWC is to protect whales from being killed.B. All the members of IWC have a history of whaling.C. IWC decided to stop commercial whaling in the mid-1960s.D. IWC
46、 has no right to exert any punishment on Japan even if Japan continues the slaughter.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).We can infer from the passage that Richard Ellis is a_.A. researcher B. writer C. painter D. scientist（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：3.00)Even happy families have secrets that run with no st
47、atute of limitations. Twenty years after my mother died, I discovered she had kept a scrapbook. It was delivered to me inside an old chest of drawers left by my father, who survived her by 18 years. The drawers were stuffed with memories and junk: his legal papers, his beloved mandolin sheet music,
48、his college yearbooks and, in among some old photographs, a battered, yellowing composition notebook - a scrapbook kept by my mother for a short time in 1934. I was shocked.My mother was a thrower-outer - the scourge of packed closets, the emptier of overfilled drawers. I was a bringer-backer. We once clashed over my cherished tennis shoes, which she mistakenly took to the garbage simply because I was stuffing card- board in the soles to plug the holes. I had to rescue them twice.Ours was a fundamental clash in human nature, surely as old as the species itself. Some of our hominid anc
