1、公共英语四级-441 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Name Chester L. MigdenProfession _ 1Place of Birth New YorkPlace of Death Los AngelesYear of Birth _ 2Age of Death _ 3Graduate School Columbia Law SchoolA staff attorney for the National Labor Relations B
2、oardJoining the Screen Actors GuildWork Experience_ director of the Association of Talent Agents4Main ContributionHelped to establish the _ of paying actors for re-peat Showings of the television programs, feature filmsand commercials they appear in.5（分数：5.00）(1).Name Chester L. MigdenProfession _ 1
3、Place of Birth New YorkPlace of Death Los AngelesYear of Birth _ 2Age of Death _ 3Graduate School Columbia Law SchoolA staff attorney for the National Labor Relations BoardJoining the Screen Actors GuildWork Experience_ director of the Association of Talent Agents4Main ContributionHelped to establis
4、h the _ of paying actors for re-peat Showings of the television programs, feature filmsand commercials they appear in.5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Name Chester L. MigdenProfession _ 1Place of Birth New YorkPlace of Death Los AngelesYear of Birth _ 2Age of Death _ 3Graduate School Columbia Law SchoolA staff
5、attorney for the National Labor Relations BoardJoining the Screen Actors GuildWork Experience_ director of the Association of Talent Agents4Main ContributionHelped to establish the _ of paying actors for re-peat Showings of the television programs, feature filmsand commercials they appear in.5（分数：1.
6、00）填空项 1:_(3).Name Chester L. MigdenProfession _ 1Place of Birth New YorkPlace of Death Los AngelesYear of Birth _ 2Age of Death _ 3Graduate School Columbia Law SchoolA staff attorney for the National Labor Relations BoardJoining the Screen Actors GuildWork Experience_ director of the Association of
7、 Talent Agents4Main ContributionHelped to establish the _ of paying actors for re-peat Showings of the television programs, feature filmsand commercials they appear in.5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Name Chester L. MigdenProfession _ 1Place of Birth New YorkPlace of Death Los AngelesYear of Birth _ 2Age of De
8、ath _ 3Graduate School Columbia Law SchoolA staff attorney for the National Labor Relations BoardJoining the Screen Actors GuildWork Experience_ director of the Association of Talent Agents4Main ContributionHelped to establish the _ of paying actors for re-peat Showings of the television programs, f
9、eature filmsand commercials they appear in.5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Name Chester L. MigdenProfession _ 1Place of Birth New YorkPlace of Death Los AngelesYear of Birth _ 2Age of Death _ 3Graduate School Columbia Law SchoolA staff attorney for the National Labor Relations BoardJoining the Screen Actors Gu
10、ildWork Experience_ director of the Association of Talent Agents4Main ContributionHelped to establish the _ of paying actors for re-peat Showings of the television programs, feature filmsand commercials they appear in.5（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Part
11、C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11-13 are based on a report about obesity. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.（分数：3.00）(1).At least, how many years will People who are overweight at 40 lose?A. One year B. Two years C. Three years D. Four years（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to Dr. Serge Jabbo
12、ur, what message does the study carry?A. People have to work early on their weightB. Overweight people have shorter life expectanciesC. Smoking is damaging to life expectancyD. If people are overweight by their mid-30s to mid-40s, if they lose some weight later on, they will carry a lower risk of dy
13、ing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The researchers said “. which shows another potentially preventable public health disaster. “ What does “another potentially preventable public health disaster“ here refer to?A. Smoking B. Obesity in young adultsC. Drinking D. Obesity in elderly adults（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questio
14、ns 14-16 are based on a report about the death rate from influenza. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.（分数：3.00）(1).How many flu deaths a year in the 1990s?A. 20,000 B. 26,000 C. 30,000 D. 36,000（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Dr. Fukuda and his colleagues reported that the virus was especially de
15、adly in people overA. 55 B. 65 C. 75 D. 85（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the report, which of the following sentences is true?A. The only method of preventing the disease is to get flu vaccines.B. Dr. Morens was optimistic about the immediate future.C. As many as 87 percent of the 11,000 people w
16、ho died from R. S. V. each year were 65 and older.D. The vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give people the flu.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 17-20 are based on a report about procrastinators: students who put off studying. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.（分数：4.00）(1).Procr
17、astinators have many problems, except that _.A. they get more cold and flu symptomsB. they sleep moreC. they smoke and drink moreD. they have more digestive problems（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following sentences about Timothy A. Pychyl is NOT true?A. He is one of the Procrastination Research
18、Group.B. He is a psychologist.C. He is a teacher in Carleton University in Ottawa.D. He is the co-author of the study.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the root of the problem?A. Something has to do with genes.B. Sleeping far less that they need.C. Drinking more than they have intended.D. An inability to
19、 regulate behavior and control impulses.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Here are some favorite excuses for academic tardiness, except _.A. computer failure B. leaving a paper at homeC. losing a hand-held organizer D. the death of a grandmother（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Many foreigners
20、 who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English, for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England. (21) , the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English. The others (22) to themselves as Welsh, Scottish, or Irish, (2
21、3) the case may be; they are often slightly annoyed (24) being classified as “English“.Even in England there are many (25) in regional character and speech. The chief (26) is between southern England and northern England. South of a (27) going from Bristol to London, people speak the type of English
22、 usually learnt by foreign students, (28) there are local variations.Further north, regional speech is usually “ (29) “ than that of southern Britain. Northerners are (30) to claim that they work harder than Southerners, and are more (31) . They are openhearted and hospitable; foreigners often find
23、that they make friends with them (32) . Northerners generally have hearty (33) : the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire, for instance, may look forward to receiving generous (34) at meal times.In accent and character the people of the Midlands (35) a gradual change from the southern to the northern
24、type of Englishman.In Scotland the sound (36) by the letter “R“ is generally a strong sound, and “R“ is often pronounced in words in which it would be (37) in southern English. The Scots are said to be a serious, cautious, thrifty people, (38) inventive and somewhat mystical. All the Celtic peoples
25、of Britain (the Welsh, the Irish, the Scots) are frequently (39) as being more “fiery“ than the English. They are (40) a race that is quite distinct from the English.（分数：20.00）(1).A. In consequence B. In brief C. In general D. In fact（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. confine B. attach C. refer D. add（分数：1.00）
26、A.B.C.D.(3).A. as B. which C. for D. so（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. with B. by C. at D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. similarities B. differences C. certainties D. features（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. factor B. virtue C. privilege D. division（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. line B. row C. border D. scale（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
27、(8).A. who B. when C. though D. for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).A. wider B. broader C. rarer D. scarcer（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. used B. apt C. possible D. probable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. perfect B. notorious C. superior D. thorough（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. swiftly B. promptly C. immediately D. quickly（分数：1.
28、00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. appetites B. tastes C. interests D. senses（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. helpings B. offerings C. fillings D. findings（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. represent B. designate C. demonstrate D. reckon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. delivered B. denoted C. depicted D. defined（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. quie
29、t B. obscure C. faint D. silent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. rather B. still C. somehow D. even（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. rendered B. thought C. impressed D. described（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. with B. of C. among D. against（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总
30、题数：1，分数：5.00)A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three of four maps presents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasts are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts; to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming
31、shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture
32、of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few min
33、utes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts, droughts, and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day “outlook“ which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur ov
34、er broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels with often set the stage for the development of air masses, fronts, and storms.Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electr
35、onic instruments and earth satellites, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological stations. Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification studies. But the limitations of weather modification have pr
36、evented meteorological results except in the seeding of super-cooled, upslope mountainous winds which have produced additional orographical precipitation on the windward side of mountain ranges. Nevertheless, they have provided a clearer understanding of the fundamentals of weather elements.（分数：5.00
37、）(1).One characteristic of weather maps not mentioned by the author in this passage is _.A. wind speed B. thermal changesC. fronts D. barometric pressure（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The thirty-day forecast is determined by examining _.A. upper air levels B. satellite reportsC. changing fronts D. daily air m
38、aps（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The observation of weather conditions by satellites is advantageous because it _.A. gives the scientist information not obtained readily otherwiseB. enables man to alter the weatherC. uses electronic instrumentsD. is modern（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A weather map is synoptic becaus
39、e it _.A. summarizes a great deal of informationB. can be interpreted accuratelyC. appears dailyD. shows changing fronts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).At the present time, experiments are being conducted in _.A. 30-day “outlook“ B. controlling stormsC. satellites D. manipulating weather（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、Text
40、 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion-a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive, knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiet
41、y nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn, they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another
42、as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist, in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Societys economic underpinnings would be destroyed, since earning $10 million would be no more pleasan
43、t than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of o
44、ur survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an objects physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us-hurt u
45、s, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations coloured by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good“ and others are “bad“
46、, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life-from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and
47、 greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals when perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in an
48、tisocial acts.（分数：5.00）(1).The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that _.A. they would not be able to tell the texture of objectsB. they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to themC. they would not be happy with a life without loveD. they would do things that hurt each others feeling（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, peoples learning activities are possible because they _.A. believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay aliv
