1、公共英语四级-342 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 1113 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 se
2、conds to read Questions 1113.（分数：3.00）(1).In the USA, how many children smoke every day?（分数：1.00）A.two fifthsB.63 percentC.About one in fiveD.63,000(2).Why should children be educated about the harm of smoking at an early age?（分数：1.00）A.Because small children are more curious about cigarettes.B.Beca
3、use smoking is difficult to give up for children.C.Because the early age is the time to form values.D.Because childrens health is more venerable to the hurt of cigarette.(3).What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.11 percent of boys in America smoke before their fourth grade.B.Nicotine is a
4、 part of cigarette.C.Children form values in the fourth grade.D.Parents who cannot stop smoking should force their children to stay away from it.Questions 1416 are based on the following talk on a dialogue between a man and a woman. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 1416.（分数：3.00）(1).What is
5、 the value of work for Mr. Smith?（分数：1.00）A.Making contribution.B.Gaining self-esteem.C.Making a living.D.Realizing ideal.(2).According to the dialogue, which of the following is true for the woman?（分数：1.00）A.She doesnt agree with that money is a badge for success.B.She believes that money and statu
6、s can not be separated.C.She hardly likes her profession.D.She thinks making money is the most important factor as for work.(3).What can be inferred from the dialogue?（分数：1.00）A.Mr. Smith is not good at his work.B.The boss doesnt trust Mr. Smith.C.Mr. Smith is keen on his job.D.The two speakers are
7、employer and employee.Questions 1720 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 1720.（分数：4.00）(1).Why does the speaker say that radiation is similar to radio waves?（分数：1.00）A.Because both of them can be detected by human senses.B.Because both of them can be sensed
8、by a radio receiver.C.Because both of them are harmful.D.Because both of them can only be detected by devices.(2).According to the passage, why does the cancer increase?（分数：1.00）A.Because people expose too much to the computer.B.Because people dont care about the low levels of radiation.C.Because th
9、e cells are killed by radiation.D.Because the cells produce themselves in an unusual way.(3).Which of the following is true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Radiation at low levels is harmless.B.Radiation produces cells in a strange way.C.Radiation can lead to cancer.D.Radiations damage is obviou
10、s.(4).Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Cancer can be passed on to the next generation.B.Senior citizens are more vulnerable to the hurt of radiation.C.The impact of radiation can be accessible over generations.D.Scientists have found out solutions to radiation.五、Sec
11、tion Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Electricity plays an essential part in our life. No one can deny that electric light is necessary for peoples life. However, can you imagine such a world where there is no (21) of electric light? As darkness falls over, children read in the light given by oil lamps and
12、 candles. Youths (22) time only by talking instead of watching TV. Everything is surrounded by (23) shadows. (24) , we have a man named Edison. He created bulb that (25) for two days before burning out. He also developed successfully a system for (26) electricity from a central powerhouse. It is he
13、that gives us electric light, gramophone, moving pictures-all those we take (27) granted.After the invention of electricity, manufacturers increasingly applied the findings of invention to their businesses, (28) generating new industrial growth. Development of electricity leads to the (29) creations
14、 of new products and materials. In the past century and a half, electricity has steadily (30) . At first, it is scientific curiosity, then to a luxurious part of the (31) , and then to being necessary in every ones life. Electricity has been common in the latest fifty years. Simple tasks, such as se
15、tting alarm clock to wake up at a (32) time or enjoying a piece of music, are accomplished via electronic means.We live with the benefits of electricity every day. As a result, we always think that whenever we (33) our gadgets into the wall socket, the power will be there. For most modern people, th
16、e loss of power means the complete loss of (34) . Their lifestyle is so dependent upon the grids constancy (35) they do not know how to live without it. How do you cook a meal without electricity if your gas stove has an electric ignition? Please imagine the life without electricity further. What do
17、 you do with a freezer full of food in a hot day? How do you find out what is happening in your area with the TV and radio off? These are questions which should be seriously considered. Let us imagine the (36) of a short power outage together. Factories close down; phones and computers go dead; food
18、 (37) in refrigerators. What a disordered life that would be!All the convenience which electricity has brought to our life should owe to Edison. When Edison died at his home in New Jersey in 1931, the whole United States were switched off to mark his passing, and in (38) of the man whose discoveries
19、 had so changed and improved the life of people everywhere. For a moment, all was (39) - as the world had always been before, until Edison (40) on the light.（分数：20.00）A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.vigorA.killB.wasteC.expendD.takeA.bouncingB.flickingC.runningD.flyingA.ButB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.ThereforeA.
20、firedB.glowedC.manipulatedD.bestowedA.diffusingB.transmittingC.transitingD.deliveringA.forB.onC.withD.toA.otherwiseB.neverthelessC.thusD.sinceA.numerousB.monstrousC.tremendousD.industriousA.improveB.evolveC.mountD.ascendA.affluentB.producersC.civilianD.pauperA.destinedB.reservedC.designatedD.fixedA.
21、castB.hustleC.plugD.dartA.normalcyB.restrictionC.balanceD.regularityA.whichB.muchC.thatD.asA.affectionB.consequenceC.causationD.procedureA.collapsesB.spoilsC.flustersD.transmutesA.placeB.favorC.needD.honorA.faintB.vagueC.darkD.paleA.shiftB.switchC.swirlD.swipe六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Par
22、t A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)We often hear advice from the dermatologists, “You should keep using sunscreen cream-just to be safe“. More and more people are questioning about sunscream. Can sunscreen cream help protect me against melanomas? How safe are we in applying these chemical cock
23、tails? Does it actually stop melanomas, the most dangerous type of skin cancer, from forming? As is known to all, sunscreen cream can protect the skin from the harmful effects of sun. The most .important function of it is the prevention of skin cancer. A great number of American people like to use i
24、t. Surprisingly, this kind of cancer is increasing in incidence faster than any other cancer in the United States. It seems that sunscreen actually increases the risk of skin cancer. More and more health experts are taking a discommendable attitude to the application of sunscreen.Researchers show th
25、at the earlier finding has many flaws and is unable to prove the exact function because they fail to take into account many exceptional cases. For instance, some people prefer to use sunscreen cream while going out. However, sunscreen cream users suffer from cancer more often. In fact, sunscreen cre
26、am allows people to remain exposed in the sun longer. People are likely to get skin problem under the sunshine for a long time. Besides, many people use the sunscreen cream in an inappropriate way. The sunscreen cream should be applied about half an hour before going outside, so the time is enough f
27、or the sunscreen to soak in and take effect. In fact, the protection of sunscreen will not last indefinitely. It should be reapplied at least every two hours when people stay outdoors for a prolonged period. After swimming, bathing, perspiring heavily, or drying off with a towel or handkerchief, you
28、 had better reapply it, too.Millions of gallons of sunscreen cream are consumed each year. Only 5% of products overall met the criteria for safety and sunscreen effectiveness. Three of five brand-name products can not protect the skin from sun damage sufficiently or they contain hazardous chemicals,
29、 according to a report by Environmental Working Group (EWG).It is time to change our misunderstanding now. In fact, besides the sunshine-preventing function, it also has the function of protecting our skin. We all know that the sun impacts collagen production in the skin, and without collagen, skin
30、wont naturally maintain that plump, moist, youthful, wrinkle-free look. Without the protection of sunscreen cream, just a few minutes of daily sun exposure over the years can cause noticeable changes in skin. Sunscreen cream can protect our skin from these damaging rays, so that even if we do spend
31、time outdoors, our face is less likely to give away our age.（分数：5.00）(1).What can we learn from the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Sunscreen cream is essential in peoples life.B.The dermatologists prefer to attribute the skin problems to sunshine.C.People agree with the dermatologists opinion on using s
32、unscreen cream.D.Sunscreen cream actually increases the risk of skin cancer.(2).Which of the following is true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.People could get skin problems using sunscreen cream.B.People had better not reuse sunscreen cream when they are outside.C.Sunscreen cream can not functi
33、on after a long period.D.We should abandon handkerchiefs to deal with skin problems.(3).The word “met“ in Paragraph Three, Line Two probably refers to（分数：1.00）A.seeB.discoverC.reachD.act(4).What is mainly discussed in the text?（分数：1.00）A.How to use sunscreen cream betterB.The different opinions on s
34、unscreen creamC.Connection between cancer and sunscreenD.Research on the new functions of sunscreen cream(5).According to the text, what is not the attitude of the Writer?（分数：1.00）A.The writer has changed the prejudiced opinion on sunscreen cream.B.The writer advises people to use sunscreen cream re
35、gularly.C.The writer persuades the people to put the sunscreen to everyday use.D.The writer is supporting the new findings on sunscreen cream.九、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which exist on
36、 this planet for nearly 4,000 million years. Do you know the size of bacteria? It can only be measured in microns. Maybe you have not a standard in your mind how long a micron is. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead. Therefore, even if we enlarged
37、 the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would only be the size of a pinhead. We barely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of 100 times, even if we try, we cannot make out anything of their structure. There are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really f
38、ast.Scientists have found that some bacteria have attached to wavy-looking “hairs“ called flagella. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Others can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements o
39、f the chemical molecules around them. They are active all the time. Even the bacteria without flagella often bound about in the water. They are pushed here and there, colliding with the watery molecules.Bacteria cannot be detected because they dont produce bad odor or change the color or texture of
40、the food. Therefore, when people eat the food with many bacteria, they are likely to get hepatitis A, acute gastroenteritis and a host of other illnesses. Many households have refrigerators to prevent from bacteria. Of course, freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria, however, when food i
41、s thawed, the bacteria will become reactivated. Bacteria can not be totally destroyed before the food is thoroughly cooked. We need to know that not all bacteria are in connection with illness. Just some bacteria can cause disease. They are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system c
42、an protect us from them.Bacteria are prokaryotes ( single cells that do not contain a nucleus). It may seem weird to classify organisms according to such details, but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (all organisms with a nucleus inside
43、 their cells) is of extreme importance in biology, and is the result of a major evolutionary breakthrough. Visit our program tomorrow if you want to know more, thank you.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Bacteria are as big as a pinhead.B.Bacteri
44、a can not be seen by an ordinary microscope.C.Bacteria are hard to see because they often live together.D.Bacteria are very small so they can only be measured in microns.(2).Which statement is not true about flagella?（分数：1.00）A.Flagella are part of bacteria.B.Flagella help bacteria to move.C.Flagell
45、a are always going round and round.D.Flagella are like waves.(3).What is the meaning of “collide“ in the second paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.strikeB.connectC.bounceD.mix(4).Which of the following ways can help people prevent from bacteria?（分数：1.00）A.Smell and have a careful look at the food.B.Only eat the f
46、ood stored in refrigerator.C.Ensure the food is totally heated before eating.D.Eat the food before they are thawed.(5).What can be inferred from the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Whether or not to have a nucleus is important in biology.B.The speaker will tell us how to distinguish bacteria tomorrow.C.Ev
47、olution will be the main topic of the program next time.D.Eukaryotes develop from prokaryotes.十、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)As the volcano erupts in Iceland, more and more people are beginning to concern about the damage volcanic eruption brings. Then, let us learn the influence of volcanic eruption togeth
48、er.We all know that air pollution has an effect on the worlds average air temperature. Scientists declare that volcanic eruption leads to weather changes, which is similar to air pollution. How will volcanic eruption impact on weather? Volcanic eruption throws hundreds of millions tons of ash into t
49、he stratosphere. The ash from a volcano spreads in a few days. However, this is not the end. The ash will remain in the air for years. Hereby, all the ash turns incoming solar radiation into space, which cools the earth.The eruption would affect every level of ecosystem, from worms to primates. The problem is not only the physical destruction of habitat, but also the sulfur gases over the area. The
