1、公共英语四级-315 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)News over the Radio reason for the bus accident on Freeway 65 1.a video factory destroyed by 2.the problem of the 120-year-old woman 3.amount of money found on the flight 4.reason for arresting the winner
2、 5.（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).How many pieces of news in all have you just heard?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).According to the comments of President Absul Krim, what is the attitude of the Syrian people towards the war?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What is Mr. Paul Angeli in
3、 the city of New York?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What is Mr. Kitsons most famous book?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What do you think of the price for fruits and vegetables this year?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11-13 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions
4、11-13.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the most fundamental difference between plants and animals?（分数：1.00）A.Plants produce their own food but animals dont.B.Plant cells have a wall which is non-living in chemical nature but animal cells havent.C.Plants are green but animals arent.D.Plants cant move but animals
5、 can.(2).Which of the following is TRUE about plants?（分数：1.00）A.They have the power of locomotion.B.They have a wider range of foods than animals.C.They are very diverse in their external appearance.D.They are less sensitive than animals.(3).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Plants have
6、more characteristics than animals.B.Animals have more characteristics than plants.C.Plants and animals are different in several ways.D.Plants and animals are less powerful than human beings.Questions 1446 are bused on the following dialogue. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.（分数：3.00）(
7、1).What must you make sure when you load the cassette?（分数：1.00）A.That you open the recorder.B.That you get the power supply.C.That you get the right side of the tape facing you.D.That you switch the recorder on.(2).What may the red thing do besides recording?（分数：1.00）A.Wipe off the sound on the tape
8、.B.Play the recorder.C.Set the recorder to work.D.Stop the recorder.(3).What button do you press if you want to listen again what has been played?（分数：1.00）A.Pause button.B.Record button.C.Forward button.D.Rewind button.Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to re
9、ad Questions 17-20.（分数：4.00）(1).Whats the main topic of this passage?（分数：1.00）A.Its about the tests of a new airliner before its flying.B.Its about how to protect a new airliner.C.Its about how to train a new pilot.D.Its about what the airliner engineers should do.(2).Why air must be pumped into the
10、 plane?（分数：1.00）A.Because without air the plane cant fly.B.Because the plane needs air for its fuel.C.Because the passengers lives depend on air.D.Because the passengers have paid for it.(3).What would happen if a small part of the plane were to crack?（分数：1.00）A.The plane would not go forward.B.The
11、plane would explode.C.The plane would fall down.D.The plane would fly slowly.(4).For what purpose does the pilot shut off all the engines?（分数：1.00）A.To find out exactly what happens.B.To save fuel.C.To fly more slowly.D.To keep balance.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Man has been storing up usef
12、ul knowledge about himself and the universe at the rate which has been spiraling upward for 10,000 years.The (21) took a sharp upward leap with the invention of writing, but even (22) it remained painfully slow for several centuries. The next great leap forward (23) knowledge acquisition did not occ
13、ur (24) the invention of movable type in the 15th century by Gutenberg and others. (25) to 1500, by the most optimistic (26) Europe was producing books at a rate of 1000 titles per year. This means that it (27) a full century to produce a library of 100,000 titles. By 1950, four and a half (28) late
14、r, the rate had accelerated so sharply that Europe was producing 120,000 titles a year. (29) once took a century now took only ten months. By 1960, a (30) decade later, the rate had made another significant jump, (31) a centurys work could be finished in seven and a half months. (32) , by the mid-si
15、xties, the output of books on a world (33) , Europe included, approached the prodigious figure of 900 titles per day.One can (34) argue that every book is a net gain for the advancement of knowledge. Nevertheless we find that the accelerative (35) in book publication does, in fact, crudely (36) the
16、rate at which man discovered new knowledge. For example, prior to Gutenberg (37) 11 chemical elements were known. Antimony, the 12th, was discovered (38) about the time he was working on his invention. It was fully 200 years since the 11th, arsenic, had been discovered. (39) the same rate of discove
17、ry continued, we would by now have added only two or three additional elements to the periodic table since Gutenberg. (40) , in the 450 years after his time, certain people discovered some seventy additional elements. And since 1900 we have been isolating the remaining elements not at a rate of one
18、every two centuries, but of one every three years.（分数：20.00）A.accumulationB.developmentC.knowledgeD.rateA.soB.ifC.thenD.whenA.toB.byC.fromD.inA.untilB.sinceC.whenD.beforeA.AsB.DueC.PriorD.NextA.examplesB.estimatesC.evidenceD.evaluationA.would takeB.bad takenC.was takingD.would have takenA.decadesB.c
19、enturiesC.dozensD.yearsA.ThisB.TheseC.ItD.WhatA.plainB.historicC.singleD.eventfulA.now thatB.so thatC.asD.whenA.HoweverB.ButC.AndD.ThereforeA.scopeB.sphereC.scaleD.stretchA.soB.hardlyC.accordinglyD.thereforeA.lineB.circleC.diagramD.curveA.fitB.likeC.resembleD.parallelA.aboutB.onlyC.more thanD.less t
20、hanA.inB.atC.onD.forA.AsB.HadC.IfD.WithA.In additionB.In turnC.InsteadD.In particular六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The demoralizing environment, decrepit (老朽的) building and minimal materials make the high school experience for these children an u
21、phill battle. Merely graduating from such a high school is difficult, much less becoming a high-caliber science or engineering student. Schools with students from a higher socioeconomic level would not tolerate the obstacles I encountered dally. Improvements need to be made efficiently and made soon
22、, or the divisions among people in this country will only become more extreme.Of course, there are things that concerned citizens can do to help. Get involved with a school, especially one in a poor area. Volunteer to give a presentation or just to spend time with the children. My students were exci
23、ted to talk to an insurance salesperson who came to give a career exploration lecture. They not only were genuinely interested in the opportunities he described but also were amazed that such a man would donate an afternoon to them.Although those measures can help, they are not enough. For teaching
24、to be effective, the entire environment of the inner city needs to be changed. Teaching someone the difference between velocity and acceleration is irrelevant if the person is hungry and scared. Programs that educate parents in child-rearing, organize low-income groups into cooperative units, fight
25、drug trafficking and help to clean up the ghettos physically will improve the life in the community.The small alterations and “new“ proposals currently filling the newspapers are certainly not strong enough to transform a decaying and demoralized school structure that has been disintegrating for dec
26、ades. Inner-city schools need so much more, and the children deserve so much more than our society is willing to give. Like many other people, I entered the teaching profession eager to investigate change and found many institutionalized obstacles in my way. It should not be so difficult to make a d
27、ifference.（分数：5.00）(1).By saying “an uphill battle“, the author means（分数：1.00）A.a tough task.B.a easy job.C.an upgrade class.D.climbing a hill.(2).We can learn from the text that（分数：1.00）A.the political circle will offer the help to the high schools.B.giving a presentation is beneficial to students.
28、C.teaching methods have to be changed.D.students are afraid to talk to strangers.(3).The author believes that（分数：1.00）A.the divisions among people result from their property.B.a high-caliber science student graduates from a ordinary high school.C.the small alterations should be done immediately.D.th
29、e societys help to inner-city schools is inadequate.(4).It is the authors opinion that _ will improve the life of inner city people.（分数：1.00）A.offering more education programs to studentsB.helping to clean up the ghettos physicallyC.taking measures to help extreme poor studentsD.bringing up more eng
30、ineering students(5).It can be concluded from the authors remarks that（分数：1.00）A.we should educate more high schools students.B.the obstacles in teachers way should be moved away.C.the decaying school buildings should be reconstructed.D.we should build up more high schools in Our city.九、Passage 2(总题
31、数：1，分数：5.00)Many phrases used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing“ or “a touch on the brakes“, makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The relation between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long,
32、variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to
33、 boast about. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.It is al
34、so less than most forecasters has predicted. In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that Americas inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6% in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole. In Britain and Ja
35、pan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past few years, inflation has been continually lower than expected in Britain and America.Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figur
36、es in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially that of America, have little productive slack. Americas capacity utilisation, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen bel
37、ow most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment - the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have up-ended t
38、he old economic models which were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the text, making monetary policy changes（分数：1.00）A.is comparable to driving a car.B.is similar to carrying out scientific work.C.will not influence the economy immediately.D.will h
39、ave an immediate impact on the inflation rate.(2).From the text we learn that（分数：1.00）A.there is a clear relationship between inflation and interest rates.B.the economy always follows particular trends.C.the current economic problems are entirely predictable.D.the present economic situation is bette
40、r than expected.(3).The text suggests that（分数：1.00）A.the previous economic models are still applicable.B.an extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation.C.a high unemployment rate will result from inflation.D.interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy.(4).By saying “This is no flash
41、 in the pan“ (Para. 3), the author means that（分数：1.00）A.the low inflation rate will continue.B.the inflation rate will rise again.C.inflation will disappear entirely.D.there is no inflation at present.(5).How does the author feel about the present situation?（分数：1.00）A.Tolerant.B.Indifferent.C.Disapp
42、ointed.D.Surprised.十、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Proper arrangement of classroom space is important to encouraging interaction. Most of us have noticed how important physical setting is to efficiency and comfort when we work. Todays corporations hire human engineering specialists and spend a great deal
43、of time and money to make sure that the physical environments of buildings are fit to the activities of their inhabitants.Similarly, college classroom space should be designed to encourage the activity of critical thinking. We will move into the twenty-first century, but step into almost any college
44、 classroom and you will step back in time at least a hundred years. Desks are normally in straight rows, so students can clearly see the teacher but not all their classmates. The assumption behind such an arrangement is obvious: everything important comes from the teacher.With a little imagination a
45、nd effort, unless desks are fixed to the floor, the teacher can correct this situation and create space that encourages interchanges among students. In small or standard-sized classes, chairs, desks and tables can be arranged in different ways: circles, U-shapes, or semicircles. The primary goal sho
46、uld be for everyone to be able to see everyone else. Larger classes, particularly those held in lecture halls, unfortunately, allow much less flexibility.Arrangement of the classroom should also make it easy to divide students into small groups for discussion or problem-solving exercises. Small clas
47、ses with moveable desks and tables present no problem. Even in large lecture halls, it is possible for students to turn around and form groups of four to six. Breaking a class into small groups provides more opportunities for students to interact with each other, think out hard, and see how other st
48、udents thinking processes operate - all these are the most important elements in developing new modes of critical thinking.In courses that regularly use a small group format, students might be asked to stay in the same small groups throughout the course. A colleague of mine allows students to move a
49、round during the first two weeks, until they find a group they are comfortable with. He then asks them to stay in the same seat, with the same group, from then on. This not only creates a comfortable setting for interaction but helps him learn students names and faces.（分数：5.00）(1).The expression “step back in time at least a hundred years“ (Para. 2) is intended to convey the idea that（分数
