1、公共英语四级-314 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：1，分数：20.00)1.1-20 略（分数：20.00）_二、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)How many different kinds of emotions do you feel? You may be (21) to find that it is very hard to specify all of them. Not only (22) hard to describe in words, they are di
2、fficult to (23) . As a result, two people rarely (24) all of them. However, there are a number of (25) emotions that most people experience. When we receive something that we want, or something happens (26) we like, we usually feel joy or happiness. Joy is a positive and powerful emotion, (27) for w
3、hich we all strive. It is natural to want to be happy, and all of us (28) happiness. As a general (29) , joy occurs when we reach a (30) goal or obtain a desired object. (31) people often desire different goals and objects, it is (32) that one person may find joy in repairing an automobile, (33) ano
4、ther may find joy in solving a math problem. Of course, we often share (34) goals or interests, and therefore we can experience joy together. This may be in sports, in the arts, in learning, in raising a family, or in (35) being together. When we have difficulty (36) desired objects or reaching desi
5、red goals we experience (37) emotions such as anger and grief. When little things get in our way, we experience (38) frustrations or tensions. For example, if you are dressing to go out (39) a date, you may feel frustration when a zipper breaks or a button fails off. If you really want something to
6、happen, and you feel it (40) happen, but someone or something stops it, you may become quite angry.（分数：20.00）A.shockedB.astoundedC.surprisedD.bewilderedA.emotional feelings areB.are emotional feelingsC.the emotionalD.is the emotional feelingA.listB.recognizeC.arrangeD.understandA.agreeB.agree onC.ag
7、ree withD.agree toA.necessaryB.vitalC.essentialD.basicA.ifB.whatC.thatD.whenA.oneB.the oneC.very oneD.only oneA.search toB.search ofC.searchD.search forA.practiceB.ruleC.lawD.senseA.desiredB.desirousC.prospectiveD.fascinatedA.ForB.WhenC.SinceD.BeingA.understandingB.to understandC.understoodD.underst
8、andableA.howeverB.ifC.whileD.even thoughA.sameB.commonC.similarD.differentA.justB.onlyC.rightD.evenA.of obtainingB.in obtainingC.with obtainingD.for obtainingA.badB.harmfulC.uneasyD.negativeA.smallB.littleC.insignificantD.minorA.onB.inC.forD.toA.willB.shallC.shouldD.would三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分
9、数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The idea of humanoid robots is not new, of course. They have been part of the imaginative landscape ever since Karl Capek, a Czech writer, first dreamed them up for his 1921 play “Rossums Universal Robots“. (The word “robot“ comes from the Czech w
10、ord for drudgery, robota. )Since then, Hollywood has produced countless variations on the theme, from the sultry False Maria in Fritz Langs silent masterpiece “Metropolis“ to the wittering C-3PO in “Star Wars“ and the ruthless assassin of “Terminator“. Humanoid robots have walked into our collective
11、 subconscious, colouring our views of the future. But now Japans industrial giants are spending billions of yen to make such robots a reality. Their new humanoids represent impressive feats of engineering: when Honda introduced Asimo, a four-foot robot that had been in development for some 15 years,
12、 it walked so fluidly that its white, articulated exterior seemed to conceal a human. Honda continues to make the machine faster, friendlier and more agile. Last October, when Asimo was inducted into the Robot Hall of Fame in Pittsburgh, it walked on to the stage and accepted its own plaque. At two
13、and a half feet tall, Sonys QRIO is smaller and more toy-like than Asimo. It walks, understands a small number of voice commands, and can navigate on its own. If it falls over, it gets up and resumes where it left off. It can even connect wirelessly to the internet and broadcast what its camera eyes
14、 can see. In 2003, Sony demonstrated an upgraded QRIO that could run. Honda responded last December with a version of Asimo that runs at twice the speed. In 2004, Toyota joined the fray with its own family of robots, called Partner, one of which is a four-foot humanoid that plays the trumpet. Its fi
15、ngers work the instruments valves, and it has mechanical lungs and artificial lips. Toyota hopes to offer a commercial version of the robot by 2010. This month, 50 Partner robots will act as guides at Expo 2005 in Aichi, Japan. Despite their sudden proliferation, however, humanoids are still a mecha
16、nical minority. Most of the worlds robots are faceless, footless and mute. They are bolted to the floors of factories, stamping out car parts or welding pieces of metal, machines making more machines. According to the United Nations, business orders for industrial robots jumped 18% in the first half
17、 of 2004. They may soon be outnumbered by domestic robots, such as self-navigating vacuum cleaners, lawn mowers and window washers, which are selling fast. But neither industrial nor domestic robots are humanoid.（分数：5.00）(1).In paragraph 1 the author introduces his topic by relating _.（分数：1.00）A.the
18、 idea of humanoid robotsB.Karl Capeks creation of robotsC.Hollywoods production of robot filmsD.the or gin of and popular films about robots(2).According to the authors description, Asimo _.（分数：1.00）A.is in the shape of a human beingB.is in a sort of animal formC.seems more like a human being than a
19、 machine in actionD.seems more like a machine than a human being in action(3).Sonys QRIO could carry out all the following work EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.walking everywhere freelyB.understanding some words uttered by peopleC.finding its wayD.continuing walking after it stumbles(4).From the passage we may
20、infer that the Toyotas Partner _.（分数：1.00）A.is much better than any other robotsB.is no more than a mechanic deviceC.may be put into mass productionD.may speak like man(5).Judging from the context, this passage is probably written _.（分数：1.00）A.in 2004B.in 2005C.between 20032004D.between 200442005六、T
21、ext 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If you are what you eat, then you are also what you buy to eat. And mostly what people buy is scrawled onto a grocery list, those ethereal scraps of paper that record the shorthand of where we shop and how we feed ourselves. Most grocery lists end up in the garbage. But if you li
22、ve in St. Louis, they might have a half-life you never imagined, as a cultural document, posted on the Internet. For the past decade, Bill Keaggy, 33, the features photo editor at The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, has been collecting grocery lists and since 1999 has been posting them online at www.grocer
23、ylists.org. The collection, which now numbers more than 500 lists, is strangely addictive. The lists elicit twofold curiosity about the kind of meal the person was planning and the kind of person who would make such a meal. What was the shopper with vodka, lighters, milk and ice cream on his list pl
24、anning to do with them? In what order would they be consumed? Was it a he or a she? Who had written “Tootie food, kitten chow, bird food stick, toaster scrambles, coffee drinks“? Some shoppers organize their lists by aisle; others start with dairy, go to cleaning supplies and then back to dairy befo
25、re veering off to Home Depot. A few meticulous ones note the price of every item. One shopper had written in large letters on an envelope, simply, “Milk“. The thin lines of ink and pencil jutting and looping across crinkled and torn pieces of paper have a purely graphic beauty. One of lifes most ban
26、al duties, viewed through the curatorial lens, can somehow seem pregnant with possibility. It can even appear poetic, as in the list that reads “meat, cigs, buns, treats“. One thing Keaggy discovered is that Dan Quayte is not alone few people can spell bananas and bagels, let alone potato. One list
27、calls for “suchi“ and “strimp“ . “Some people pass judgment on the things they buy. “ Keaggy says. At the end of one list, the shopper wrote “Bud Light“ and then “good beer“. Another scribbled “good loaf of white bread“. Some pass judgment on themselves, like the shopper who wrote “read, stay home o
28、r go somewhere, I act like my morn, go to Kentucky, underwear, lemon. “People send messages to one another, too. Buried in one list is this statement: “If you buy more rice, Ill punch you. “And plenty of shoppers, like the one with both ice cream and diet pills on the list, reveal their vices.（分数：5.
29、00）(1).What would people usually do with their grocery list after shopping?（分数：1.00）A.Buying what it is scrawled on the paper.B.Recording the shorthand of where we shop.C.Throwing it into the dustbin.D.Posting it on the Internet.(2).Bill Keaggy collects grocery lists because（分数：1.00）A.he wants to po
30、st them onlineB.he is curious about the list writersC.he tries to find out something behind themD.he does it for amusement(3).“Was it a he or a she?“(Line 6, Para 2) may be replaced by _ ?（分数：1.00）A.Who did itB.Who was the person who wrote itC.Did he or she write itD.Was it written by a man or a wom
31、an(4).Bill Keaggys studying on grocery lists suggests that _.（分数：1.00）A.Dan Quayle is not alone in misspellingB.fewer people can spell bananas and bagels correctlyC.misspelling occurs most frequently in writing “potato“D.some people misspell “sushi“ for “suchi“, and “shrimp “for “strimp“(5).The last
32、 sentence of the passage implies that（分数：1.00）A.ice cream and diet pills reveal ones vicesB.ice cream and diet pills are not good foodC.plenty of shoppers do not buy their right groceryD.ones defects in character may be reflected on the grocery list七、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Well, he made it up. All of
33、it, apparently. According to a report published on December 29th by Seoul National University in South Korea, its erstwhile employee Hwang Woo-suk, who had tendered his resignation six days earlier, deliberately falsified his data in the paper on human embryonic stem cells that he and 24 colleagues
34、published in Science in May 2005. In particular, Dr Hwang claimed he had created 11 colonies of human embryonic stem ceils genetically matched to specific patients. He had already admitted that nine of these were bogus, but had said that this was the result of an honest mistake, and that the other t
35、wo were still the real McCoy. A panel of experts appointed by the university to investigate the matter, however, disagreed. They found that DNA fingerprint traces conducted on the stem-cell lines reported in the paper had been manipulated to make it seem as if all 11 lines were tailored to specific
36、patients. In fact, none of them matched the volunteers with spinal-cord injuries and diabetes who had donated skin cells for the work. To obtain his promising “results“, Dr Hwang had sent for testing two samples from each donor, rather than a sample from the donor and a sample of the cells into whic
37、h the donors DNA had supposedly been transplanted. The panel also found that a second claim in the paper that only 185 eggs were used to create the 11 stem cell lines was false. The investigators said the actual number of eggs used was far larger, in the thousands, although they were unable to deter
38、mine an exact figure. The reason this double fraud is such a blow is that human embryonic stem-cell research has great expectations. Stem cells, which have not yet been programmed to specialise and can thus, in principle, grow into any tissue or organ, could be used to treat illnesses ranging from d
39、iabetes to Parkinsons disease. They might even be able to fix spinal-cord injuries. And stem cells cloned from a patient would not be rejected as foreign by his immune system. Dr Hwangs reputation, of course, is in tatters. The university is now investigating two other groundbreaking experiments he
40、claims to have conducted the creation of the worlds first cloned human embryo and the extraction of stem cells from it, and the creation of the worlds first cloned dog. He is also in trouble for breaching ethical guidelines by using eggs donated by members of his research team. And it is even possib
41、le that the whole farce may have been for nothing. Cloned embryos might be the ideal source of stem cells intended to treat disease, but if it proves too difficult to create them, a rough-and-ready alternative may suffice.（分数：5.00）(1).From the passage we may learn that Hwang Woo-suk _.（分数：1.00）A.mad
42、e up all his experienceB.is a famous geneticists in Seoul National UniversityC.was an employee in Seoul National UniversityD.published an authentic paper in Science with his 24 colleagues(2).According to the panel of experts appointed by the university, Hwangs case is _.（分数：1.00）A.a mistake of carel
43、essB.the result of an honest mistakeC.a dishonest experimentD.a deliberated fabrication(3).The significance of embryonic stem-cell research lies in _.（分数：1.00）A.great expectationsB.planting into any tissue or organC.the treatment of a lot of human diseasesD.curing diabetes and Parkinsons disease(4).
44、The phrase “in tatters“ in “Dr Hwangs reputation is in tatters“ ( Line 1. Paragraph 5) may be replaced by _.（分数：1.00）A.in dangerB.in despairC.in a ragged stateD.totally ruined(5).The best title for the passage may be _.（分数：1.00）A.Hwang is found guilty of fabricating his resultsB.How a stem-cell rese
45、archer fabricates his resultsC.The consequence of a made-up experimentD.Hwang Woo-suks resignation八、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：5.00)By the 1950s and 60s “going for Chinese“ had become part of the suburban vernacular. In places like New York City, eating Chinese food became intertwined with the traditions of ot
46、her ethnic groups, especially that of Jewish immigrants. Many Jewish families faithfully visited their favorite Chinese restaurant every Sunday night. Among the menus in the exhibition are selections from Glatt Wok: Kosher Chinese Restaurant and Takeout in Monsey, N. Y. , and Wok Toy in Cedarhurst,
47、N.Y Until 1965 Cantonese-speaking immigrants, mainly from the county of Toisan. dominated the industry and menus reflected a standard repertory of tasty but bland Americanizations of Cantonese dishes. But loosening immigration restrictions that year brought a flood of people from many different regi
48、ons of China, starting “authenticity revolution,“ said Ed Schoenfeld, a restaurateur and Chinese food consultant. Top chefs who were trained in spicy and more unusual regional specialties, like Hunan and Sichuan cooking, came to New York then, Mr. Schoenfeld said. President Richard M. Nixons trip to
49、 China in 1972 awakened interest in the country and accounts of his meals helped whet diners appetites for new dishes. An illustration of a scowling Nixon with a pair of chopsticks glares down from the wall at the exhibition. Hunan and Sichuan restaurants in New York influenced the taste of the whole country, Mr. Schoenfeld said. Dishes like General Tsos chicken and crispy orange beef caught on everyw
