1、公共英语四级-310 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Difference Between Japan and England（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)What was the weather like in eastern Britain today?（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、Part
2、 C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11-13 are based on the following monologue introducing Jane Austen. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.（分数：3.00）(1).What accounts for the great strength of Janes novels?（分数：1.00）A.The social observations they contain.B.The deep feeling.C.The romantic love.D.T
3、he real experience.(2).When did Jane Austen start to write?（分数：1.00）A.When she was teenager.B.When she was less than ten years old.C.When she was more than twenty.D.Not mentioned.(3).When did she die?（分数：1.00）A.In 1811.B.In 1814.C.In 1817.D.In 1812.Questions 14-17 are based on the following monologu
4、e. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 14-17.（分数：4.00）(1).When did Fleming move to London?（分数：1.00）A.At the age of 31.B.At the age of 13.C.At the age of 16.D.At the age of 17.(2).Who identified the mould as penicillin?（分数：1.00）A.One of Flemings colleagues.B.Sir Almroth Wright.C.Howard Florey.D
5、.Fleming.(3).After his initial discovery, what did Fleming do?（分数：1.00）A.He returned to his routine work.B.He developed penicillin further.C.He kept a supply of the mould.D.Both A and C.(4).When was the penicillin mass-produced?（分数：1.00）A.In 1928.B.In 1913.C.After World War II.D.By World War II.Ques
6、tions 18-20 are based on the following monologue introducing a nature tendency of plants. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18-20.（分数：3.00）(1).Trees in rainforests have broad leaves. The advantage is_.（分数：1.00）A.to accept more sun lightB.to encourage the heavy rain to run off the leavesC.to
7、shade their rootsD.to hide their trunk(2).If we see some plants close their leaf pores, we can deduce that they are living in _.（分数：1.00）A.rainy areaB.hot areaC.drought areaD.windy area(3).In this monologue, we can learn plants may develop mechanisms and adaptations _.（分数：1.00）A.to protect themselve
8、s from disastersB.to avoid being hurt by human beingC.to fight against the hostile environmentD.to benefit the environment五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)People living on part of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discove
9、red,0 (21) their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs (22) their gardens had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, (23) down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion of the
10、 white cliffs (24) the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be (25) as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most (26) and have drawn up a map for (27) people, (28) the year
11、 in which their homes will be (29) up by the hungry sea.(30) owners have (31) the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would (32) hundreds of millions of pounds and would (33) make the wav
12、es and currents go further along the coast, (34) the problem from one area to (35) . The danger is (36) to continue, they say, (37) the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten (38) limestone is. (39) , if you want to buy a cheap house with an (40) future, apply to a house age
13、nt in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.（分数：20.00）A.forB.inC.toD.onA.whichB.on whichC.thatD.in whichA.to slideB.slideC.slidD.slidingA.alongB.onC.aroundD.aboveA.abandonedB.abolishedC.burdened
14、D.forbiddenA.effectiveB.affectedC.effectingD.affectioA.nativeB.oldC.livingD.localA.broadcastingB.forecastingC.broadcastD.forecastA.swallowedB.shallowC.wallowedD.wallopedA.HungryB.AngryC.HungarianD.hopefulA.called inB.called forC.called onD.called upA.costB.spendC.takeD.payA.hardlyB.scarcelyC.merelyD
15、.reallyA.changingB.convertingC.shiftingD.varyingA.the otherB.otherC.anotherD.othersA.possibleB.unlikeC.dislikeD.likelyA.whenB.untilC.lestD.asA.likeB.whenC.asD.forA.MeanwhileB.HoweverC.FurthermoreD.MoreoverA.uncertainB.unstableC.unrealD.improper六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.0
16、0)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If the United Nations Security Council rushes to send inspectors back into Iraq on Baghdads promise of cooperation and under the old rules, it will be playing a chumps game, one Saddam Hussein has won countless times. Once in a while, the inspectors will face delay, obstr
17、uction, bugging and a succession of manufactured crises. These will prompt familiar fights among the major powers over whether a particular Iraqi act constitutes a major violation. Soon the United Sates will declare the whole exercise a failure and invade Iraq.That is an outcome worth avoiding. For
18、the United States, the costs of such a war include the death of soldiers, economic losses caused by the effect of soaring oil prices on a fragile stock market, the need to post tens of thousands of troops in Iraq for many years, lingering resentment among allies whose cooperation we need and the nea
19、r certainty of creating legions of new terrorists who hate America. For the United Nations, the result would be a terrible defeat, an admission of weakness and its inability to impose its writ on a villain. For the world as a whole, the costs will include the deaths of innocent Iraqis, increased rep
20、ression in Arab states coping with domestic political anger and possibly chaos in the region.That is the short list. The worst-case outcomes include an attack with biological weapons on Israel and on American troops at their weakest moment-as they assemble in the region-by, a man with nothing to los
21、e. What would be the likely response by both countries, and with what long-term consequence?There is a credible alternative to these scenarios that is worth trying. It is a new system of coercive inspection to replace the game of cat and mouse that Mr. Hussein has perfected. The Security Council wou
22、ld create a powerful, American-led multinational military force, the inspection implementation force, that would enable the inspection teams to carry out “comply or else“ inspections. If Iraq refused to accept, or obstructed the inspections, regime change (preferably under a United Nations mandate)
23、Would be back on the table.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the author, what will happen if the UN waits for the cooperation of Iraq?（分数：1.00）A.The conflict will be solved in a peaceful way.B.No progress will be made.C.Nothing serious will happen.D.It will result in a terrible consequence.(2).What will be
24、the consequences for America if the war cannot be avoided?（分数：1.00）A.Casualty of soldiers.B.Economic difficulties.C.Hatred among allies.D.All of the above.(3).What solution is suggested to the present situation?（分数：1.00）A.An inspection armed with multinational military force.B.No action should be ta
25、ken.C.To take a military action against Iraq.D.To change the regime of Iraq.(4).If Iraq refuses to accept the “comply or else“ inspection, what should the UN do according to the author?（分数：1.00）A.To launch a war against Iraq.B.To try to overthrow Saddam Husseins regime.C.To inflict an economic embar
26、go on Iraq.D.To isolate Iraq by internationally diplomatic coalition.(5).What is the authors attitude towards starting a war against Iraq?（分数：1.00）A.Approving.B.Suspicious.C.Disapproving.D.Indifferent.九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)If you look closely at some of the early copies of the Declaration of Ind
27、ependence, beyond the flourished signature of John Hancock and the other 55 men who signed it, you will also find the name of one woman, Mary Katherine Goddard. It was she, a Baltimore printer, who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included the names of it
28、s signers and therefore heralded the support of all thirteen colonies.Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1762. When he proceeded to get into trouble with his partners and creditors, it was Mary Goddar
29、d and her mother who were left to run the shop. In 1765 they began publishing the Providence Gazette, a weekly newspaper. Similar problems seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses in Philadelphia and again in Baltimore. Each time Ms. Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers. After st
30、arting Baltimores first newspaper, The Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went broke trying to organize a colonial postal service. While he was in debtors prison, Mary Katherine Goddards name appeared On the newspapers masthead for the first time.When the Continental Congress fled there from Phi
31、ladelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms. Goddard to print the first official version of the Declaration of Independence in January 1777: After printing the documents, she herself paid the post riders to deliver the Declaration throughout the colonies.During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard contin
32、ued to publish Baltimores only newspaper, which one historian claimed was “second to none among the colonies“. She was also the citys postmaster from 1775 to 1789appointed by Benjamin Frankliand is considered to be the first woman to hold a federal position.（分数：5.00）(1).With which of the following s
33、ubjects is the passage mainly concerned?（分数：1.00）A.The accomplishments of a female publisher.B.The weakness of the newspaper industry.C.The rights of a female publisher.D.The publishing system in colonial America.(2).Mary Goddards name appears on the Declaration of Independence because_.（分数：1.00）A.s
34、he helped write the original documentB.she published the documentC.she paid to have the document printedD.her brother was in prison(3).The word “heralded“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _.（分数：1.00）A.influencedB.announcedC.rejectedD.ignored(4).It can be inferred from the passage that
35、 Mary Goddard was _.（分数：1.00）A.an accomplished businesswomanB.extremely wealthyC.a member of the Continental CongressD.a famous writer(5).The word“position”in the last line is closest in meaning to_.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.十、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the
36、 triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people. Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has happened in the area of
37、 values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability. Accountability is not hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.Of the many values that hold civilization togetherhonesty, kindness, and
38、so on, accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no lawand, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, exter
39、nal controls on peoples behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communitiessmaller towns usuallywhere schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim: “In this family certain things are
40、not toleratedthey simply are not done!“Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints areloosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this brea
41、k-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, its the criminal who is considered victimized: by his under-privileged upbringing, by the school that did not teach him to read, by the church that fail
42、ed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who did not provide a stable home.I don t believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless excuses
43、where no one accepts responsibility for anything. We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.（分数：5.00）(1).What the wise man said suggests that_.（分数：1.00）A.its unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilB.it
44、s certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itC.its only natural for value to defeat evilD.its desirable for good men to keep away from evil(2).According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime,_.（分数：1.00）A.society is to be held responsibleB.modem civilization is resp
45、onsible for itC.the criminal himself should bear the blameD.the standards of living should be improved(3).Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have_.（分数：1.00）A.less self-disciplineB.better sense of disciplineC.more mutual respect.D.less effective government(4).The writer is sor
46、ry to have noticed that _.（分数：1.00）A.people in large cities tend to excuse criminalsB.people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standardsC.todays society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyD.people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities(5).The key point o
47、f the passage is that_.（分数：1.00）A.stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesB.more good examples should be set for people to followC.more restrictions should be imposed on peoples behaviorD.more people should accept the value of accountability十一、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Sex prej
48、udices are based on and justified by the ideology that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emoti
49、onally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A womans place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to g
