1、公共英语四级-282 及答案解析(总分：684.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：25.00)For Questions 15, you will hear a talk about personal income tax in China. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the t
2、able. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. Personal Income Tax in China Individual income tax threshold will rise by 1 When the amendment is expected to become effective 2 Now the proportion of income earners who
3、do not need pay income tax 3 How much the move would reduce government revenue 4 How high is the threshold set in 2006 5 （分数：25.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：25.00)For Questions 610, you will hear a talk on organic farms. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use no more th
4、an 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. （分数：25.00）(1). How much was the estimated total market value of organic products estimated to be by 2002? （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_(2). Due to what has the European Union shif
5、ted agricultural subsidies to organic farmers? （分数：5.00）(3). What is the total hectares that EU reaches in 2008? （分数：5.00）(4). Which country has the most organic land according to statistics and Emerging Trends 2009? （分数：5.00）(5). What risk is lowered for children having organic food? （分数：5.00）四、Par
6、t C(总题数：5，分数：34.00)1.What is the man“s chief responsibility in the Green Peace organization?（分数：3.00）A.He“s involved in anti-nuclear activity.B.He“s responsible for conservation and protection of animals.C.He“s the action organizer and arranges any protests.D.He“s involved in protection and support
7、of the eco-system.2.How does Green Peace try to stop people from dumping nuclear waste?（分数：3.00）A.They harass the dumping ship with boats.B.They attack the dumping ships.C.They talk with them in a mild way.D.They stop them in a violent way.3.What is the woman“s attitude towards the Green Peace campa
8、igns?（分数：3.00）A.Contempt.B.Appreciate.C.Disapprove.D.Suspicious.Questions 1416 are based on the following dialogue. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 1416. （分数：9.00）(1).What crops does the farmer grow?（分数：3.00）A.Cotton every year.B.Corn and wheat.C.Rice.D.Other things.(2).How does the farmer
9、 pay his employees?（分数：3.00）A.Hourly.B.Weekly.C.Monthly.D.Yearly.(3).What work does the farmer need to do?（分数：3.00）A.Irrigate my fields.B.Apply pesticides.C.Fix machines.D.All the above.Questions 1720 are based on the following dialogue. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 1720. （分数：16.00）(1).
10、What hasn“t Devorah Day involved in?（分数：4.00）A.Madrigals.B.Folk.C.Rock.D.Opera.(2).What is Devorah Day going to sing in future?（分数：4.00）A.Continue to sing jazz.B.Transfer to opera.C.Whatever songs she is offered.D.She is not sure.(3).How is Devorah Day“s family?（分数：4.00）A.It doesn“t have any musical
11、 background.B.It has many musicians.C.They pay much attention to Day“s work.D.They didn“t care about Day at all.(4).Which statement is true about Devorah Day?（分数：4.00）A.She starts singing as a jazz singer.B.The session for the album was done in 1999.C.Her family supports her work very much.D.She has
12、 faith in herself despite opposition of people around.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：400.00)Nowadays, air travel is very 1 . We are not surprised when we watch on TV that a politician has talked with French President in Paris and attended a meeting in Beijing on the same day. 2 , if a person takes lo
13、ng-distance flying frequently, he can be so tired that he maybe feel his brain is in one country, his 3 in another. 4 , he 5 knows where he is. When we fly from east to west or 6 versa, the 7 we experience after taking a longdistance flying is 8 , because we cross time zones. According to doctors, a
14、ir travelers, after crossing several time zones, are in no 9 to go to work, and they should go 10 to bed 11 arrival. As to airline pilots who often live 12 their own watches and ignore local time, there is no need for them to worry about their health although they sometimes have breakfast at midnigh
15、t, because they are used to 13 and are 14 fit. Many businessmen like long-distance flights, thinking they are 15 to have been chosen and they are out for promotion. They are lucky if the company follows the doctor“s advice and allow them to rest for a day or two 16 working. However, sometimes the ma
16、nager is so energetic that he believes everyone is 17 to be as fit as he is. Since he has never felt 18 after flying himself, the work he assigns is so 19 that the employee is too 20 to carry the work out satisfactorily. That is disastrous for the employee“s health and the company“s reputation.（分数：4
17、00.00）A.ordinaryB.commonC.plainD.usualA.HenceB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.FurthermoreA.digestionB.concentrationC.friendsD.lifeA.In short orderB.All in oneC.In a wordD.In other wordsA.almostB.nearlyC.hardlyD.practicallyA.viceB.viaC.vicarD.vibesA.wearyB.fatigueC.tiredD.strainA.strengthenedB.increasedC.reinfo
18、rcedD.aggravatedA.statusB.stateC.situationD.conditionA.awayB.stragglyC.straightforwardD.straightA.inB.whenC.afterD.onA.onB.byC.uponD.withA.flyB.flyingC.liveD.livesA.mentallyB.emotionallyC.physicallyD.bodilyA.favoredB.flattenedC.flayedD.flatteredA.beforeB.behindC.afterD.in front ofA.likelyB.supposedC
19、.goingD.expectedA.discontentB.resentfulC.dissatisfiedD.uncomfortableA.demeaningB.demandingC.demonstrativeD.deplorableA.sleepyB.excitedC.exhaustedD.angry六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologie
20、scomputers, telecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such innovations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolvin
21、g so rapidly, altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think. The rapid development of digital technologies creates not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by a
22、dapting their strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge. But ironically, at the most knowledge-based entitiesthe colleges and universitiesthe pace of transformation has been relatively mode
23、st. Although research has been transformed by information technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-education functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based p
24、aradigm. However, some major technology aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant change throughout academia. American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began dur
25、ing the 18th century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; academia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the
26、year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional. Higher education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We ex
27、pect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university“s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by providing students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will all
28、ow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information. The information society has greatly expanded the need for university-level education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation
29、“s ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce.（分数：25.00）(1).Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies?（分数：5.00）A.Laptop.B.Telephone.C.Telecommunication networks.D.Digital systems.(2).Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities i
30、n order to _.（分数：5.00）A.make moneyB.change the relationship between people and knowledgeC.take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital technologiesD.adapt to the development of digital technologies(3).The phrase “higher-education functions“ (Line 4, Paragraph 3) probably means _.（分数：5.00）
31、A.increasing students“ abilityB.broaden students“ horizonsC.enriching students“ knowledgeD.the way of teaching(4).The transformation resulted from the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 was _.（分数：5.00）A.the popularization of educationB.the establishment of secular educationC.the introduction of graduate
32、 educationD.the appearance of a competitive workforce(5).Information technology will have an impact on the following aspects except _.（分数：5.00）A.freeing the constraints of time and space on classroomB.the chance students have to read original source materialsC.the way of communicationD.training stud
33、ents for professional career九、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Now the politics of U.S. health reform is in a mess but the odds on a bill passing in the end are improving. It will not be a tidy thing, but if it moves the country close to universal health insurance, the administration will call it a success. At
34、 this moment, that point of view may seem too optimistic. Last Friday, the Democratic leadership in the House of Representatives had hoped to produce a finished bill. But they failed, because the party“s fiscal conservatives demanded further savings. House Democrats are also divided on revenue-raisi
35、ng measures. The Senate is dealing with the same problems: how to contain the cost of expanded insurance coverage, and how to pay for what remains, so that the reform adds nothing to the budget deficit over the course of 10 years. Where the money comes from remains the crucial problem. Apparently, t
36、he answer is straightforward: tax employer-provided health benefits. At present, an employer in the U.S. is free from paying tax if he pays the health insurance while an individual purchaser has to buy it with after-tax dollars. This anomaly costs nearly $250bn a year in revenueenough to pay for uni
37、versal coverage, and then some. Yet many Democrats in both the House and the Senate oppose to ending it. Will there be a breakthrough in terms of that aspect? However, to get employers out of health insurance should be an aim, not something to be feared. Many U.S. workers have complained that if the
38、y lose their job, their health insurance will go with it and tying insurance to employment will undoubtedly worsen the insecurity. What about high-risk workers who are thrown on to the individual market? If the tax break were abolished as part of a larger reform which obliges insurers to offer affor
39、dable coverage to all people regardless of pre-existing conditions, it will not be a problem. It“s true this change needs to increase tax, and many people in Congress are reluctant to contemplate in any form. But some kind of increase is inescapable. This one makes more sense than most. The Presiden
40、t should say so. His Republican opponent John McCain called for this change during the election campaign and Mr. Obama and other Democrats assailed the idea. So what? Mr. Obama has changed his ideas on other aspects of health reform. For example, it seems that he now prefers an individual mandate to
41、 buy insurance. Let us see a similar flexibility on taxing employerprovided insurance.（分数：25.00）(1).According to the author, _.（分数：5.00）A.the politics of U.S. health reform is a total failureB.there is no possibility of passing a billC.it“s difficult to pass a billD.S. will achieve universal health
42、insurance(2).In the author“s opinion, which of the following is “revenue-raising measures“?（分数：5.00）A.Tax employer-provided health benefits.B.Tax individual-purchased health insurance.C.Ending taxing employer-provided health benefits.D.Ending taxing individual-purchased health insurance.(3).Why did
43、the author say that to get employers out of health insurance should be an aim?（分数：5.00）A.Because employers evaded paying taxes.B.Because tying insurance to employment was bad to workers.C.Because it“s illegal for employers to provide health insurance.D.Because the administration needed to raise reve
44、nue.(4).What does the author feel about President“s preference to an individual“s buying insurance?（分数：5.00）A.Going back on his word.B.Stubborn.C.Flexible.D.Short-sighted.(5).What “change“ did John McCain once called for during the election campaign?（分数：5.00）A.Increasing tax.B.Obliging insurers to o
45、ffer affordable coverage to all people regardless of pre-existing conditions.C.Insurance should be bought by individual instead of being provided by employers.D.To get employers out of health insurance.十、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：25.00)According to Peter Salovey, Yale psychologist and author of the term EQ, I
46、Q gets you hired and EQ gets you promoted. Salovey tells of a simple test. Some four-year-old kids were invited into a room and were given the following instruction: “You can have this marshmallow right now; or if you wait, you can have two marshmallows when I get back.“ Then, the researcher left. S
47、ome kids grabbed for the treat as soon as the researcher was out the door, while others waited for the researcher to return. By the time the kids reached high school, significant differences appeared between the two groups. The kids who held out for two marshmallows were better adjusted, more popula
48、r, more adventurous, more confident, and more dependable than kids in the quick gratification group. The latter group was also more likely to be lonely, more easily frustrated, more stubborn, more likely to buckle under stress, and more likely to shy away from challenges. When both groups took schol
49、astic aptitude tests, the “hold out group“ walloped the “quick gratification group“ by 210 points (the test scores range from a minimum of 200 points to a maximum of 800, with an average for all students of 500 points). Researchers have been discussing whether it“s possible to raise a person“s IQ. Geneticists say No, while social scientists say Yes. But while brain power researchers continue the debate, social science researchers have concluded that it“s possible to improve a person“s EQ, and in particular, a person“s “
