1、公共英语四级-282 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)/r/n /r/n A Phone Conversation about Account Enquiries/r/n the transfer from /r/n /r/n 1./r/n /r/n /r/n account number /r/n /r/n 2./r/n /r/n /r/n amount of money actually received /r/n /r/n 3./r/n /r/n
2、 /r/n amount of money expected /r/n /r/n 4./r/n /r/n /r/n the day of the money received /r/n /r/n 5./r/n /r/n（分数：5.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What is the main part of the Golden Gate Bridge?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).How long is the main span of the Golden Gate Bridge?
3、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).How many lanes of traffic in the Golden Gate Bridge?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Where is the Mackinac Bridge?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).How many cars will be able to cross the bridge in a single year when a lower deck is added?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11-13 are based on
4、 the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11-13.（分数：3.00）(1).Where does the money for public schools come from?（分数：1.00）A.From the Federal Government.B.From the state legislation.C.From taxes.D.From the parents of the school children.(2).At what age do most children start sch
5、ool?（分数：1.00）A.At 7.B.At 6.C.At 5.D.At 8.(3).How are college expenses of most students paid?（分数：1.00）A.Their own earnings from part-time work.B.Scholarships from the schools, the government or private foundations.C.Taxes.D.Funds provided by states and cities.Questions 14-16 are based on the followin
6、g dialogue. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14-16.（分数：3.00）(1).What will be thought about mostly when one wants to find a job?（分数：1.00）A.Whether the salary is high or low.B.Whether the fringe benefits are good or bad.C.Whether the working place is far or near.D.Whether the job is suitable
7、or not.(2).Why did Sally refuse to work at her aunties company?（分数：1.00）A.Because she wasnt satisfied with the job.B.Because she didnt like her aunt.C.Because the job is boring.D.Because the company is far away from the place she lives.(3).From the dialogue, which company will Sally choose at last?（
8、分数：1.00）A.Exco Imports Ltd.B.Inco Imports Ltd.C.Her aunties company.D.Erics company.Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17-20.（分数：4.00）(1).Whose interests does the Council of Ministers represent?（分数：1.00）A.The community interests.B.The intere
9、sts of the foreign ministers from the member nations.C.The interests of the Council members.D.The national interests of the members.(2).How many members did European Parliament have in 1995?（分数：1.00）A.189.B.626.C.99.D.17.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the political groups?（分数：
10、1.00）A.Communists.B.Socialists.C.The Liberal Democratic.D.Reform Group.(4).Whats the responsibility of the Court of Auditors?（分数：1.00）A.Reviews the legality of acts of the Commission and Council.B.Oversees long-term investment.C.Monitors the revenues and expenditures of the EU.D.Advises the Commissi
11、on and the Council on general economic policy.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Predictions of many robots in industry have yet come true. For ten years or more, manufacturers of big robots have explained how their machines can make industry more competitive and productive. The maker for (21) robo
12、ts is oversupplied now, and the driving force of the robotics(机器人学) revolution is (22) to be with makers of machines that handle a few kilos at most.“Heavy-robot manufacturers are in some difficulty (23) finding customer. They are offering big (24) just to get in the door. There has been a (23) grow
13、th everywhere in the numbers of robots, so we admit we are either deceiving (26) or that the market is slowly growing. “said John Reekie, chairman of Colen Robotics. “The following things must happen (27) the robotics revolution to occur. We must achieve widespread robot literacy, (28) there has bee
14、n a computer (29) program, there must be a robot prices. (30) , some kind of artificial intelligence needs to be (31) .“Colen makes educational robots and machine tools. It is small (32) with companies like ASEA or Fujitsu Fanuc. But Colen with others and departments in universities such as Surrey,
15、Manchester, and Durham possess an advantage (33) . the giants. The big companies sell very expensive (34) to businesses with expert knowledge in automation. The (35) companies make robots for teaching people, and now they have realized that there is a need for small, (36) robots that they can meet.T
16、he little companies either bring their educational machines (37) an industrial standard or design from the start. One technique that they all adopt is to choose (38) components where possible. The major cost of making (39) their models is the electronics, which will fall in price. There is (40) scop
17、e for reductions in mechanical costs. The sue of standard parts, which are easily replaced, should give these robots a mechanical life of something in the order of five years.（分数：20.00）A.smallB.educationalC.bigD.businessA.claimedB.calledC.saidD.toldA.toB.withC.overD.inA.moneyB.discountsC.pricesD.cos
18、tsA.excitingB.encouragingC.despairingD.disappointingA.ourselvesB.customersC.companiesD.usA.toB.forC.inD.withA.as ifB.even thoughC.just asD.althoughA.customB.literacyC.poemD.traditionA.HoweverB.FinallyC.WhereasD.ThereforeA.capableB.possibleC.probableD.availableA.comparedB.comparingC.contrastedD.contr
19、astingA.thanB.aboveC.overD.fromA.toolsB.robotsC.machinesD.electronicsA.otherB.bigC.littleD.robotA.expensiveB.artificialC.educationalD.low-costA.up toB.toC.inD.aboutA.mechanicalB.standardC.cheapD.smallA.muchB.manyC.bothD.someA.moreB.lessC.noD.least六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：
20、0.00)八、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Some people ought to defend the workaholic.These people are unjustly accused, abused, and defamed - often termed sick or morbid or on the border of pathology. About 30% of American business and commerce is carried on the shoulders of workaholics. The ratio might exist
21、in art and science too.Workaholics are the achievers, the excelers. There is a national conspiracy against excellence and undue admiration of commonness and mediocrity. It is as if we are against those who make uncommon sacrifices because they enjoy doing something.Some famous psychologists say that
22、 the workaholic has an inferiority complex which leads to overcompensation. This is certainly not the case. Inferiority, or low esteem, describes laziness more accurately than it describes dedication.We do not seem to realize that very little excellence is achieved by living a well-balanced life. Ed
23、ison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many things, including family and friendship. The accusation is made that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But guilt can exist in the balanced life also. Think how many “normal“ peo
24、ple and middle-ages who have never done anything well - they are going to settle for less than what they could have become.（分数：5.00）(1).From this passage we know that workaholic is a term referring to those（分数：1.00）A.who enjoy work more than anything else.B.who make greater contributions than others
25、.C.who make uncommon sacrifice in their personal life.D.All of the above.(2).The authors main concern in this passage is to（分数：1.00）A.point out the role the workaholic plays in the American economy.B.defend people who are addicted to work.C.encourage us not to worry about our imperfection.D.consider
26、 the difficulties that confront us at middle-age.(3).The author of the passage would most likely agree that the workaholic（分数：1.00）A.is mentally ill.B.performs an insignificant proportion of American business.C.will not have the regrets that many “normal“ people face at middle-age.D.suffers from low
27、 self-esteem.(4).According to this passage,（分数：1.00）A.Freud led a well-balanced life.B.workaholics can be helped.C.workaholics should be admired.D.so-called “normal“ people are truly the sick people among us.(5).According to the author, one can hardly achieve excellence unless one（分数：1.00）A.lives an
28、 abnormal life.B.sacrifices friendship and family.C.has total devotion to work.D.ignores popular opinions.九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In the 18th century, New York was smaller than Philadelphia and Boston. Today it is the largest city in America. How to explain the change in its size and importance?To
29、 answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography, history and economies. Together these three will explain the huge growth of Americas most famous city.The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily-populated areas in this region are around seaports. At these points
30、 materials from across the sea enter America, and the products of the land are sent there for export across the sea.Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into completed goods. That is why seaports often have cities nearby. But cities lik
31、e New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial centers. Their development did not happen simply by chance.About 1815, when many Americans from the east coast had already moved to the west, trade routes from the ports to the central regions of the country
32、began to be a serious problem. The slow wagons of that time, drawn by horses or oxen, were too expensive for moving heavy freight very far. Americans had long admired Europes canals. In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation problem. From the eastern end of Lake Erie a
33、ll the way across the state to the Hudson River there is a long trip of low land. Here the Erie Canal was constructed. After working for several years it was completed in 1825.The canal produced an immediate effect. Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of what they had been. New York City, whic
34、h had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston, quickly became the leading city of the coast. In later years, transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to routes on the Mississippi River. Then New York City became the end point of a great inland shipping system that extended from the Atl
35、antic Ocean far up the western branches of the Mississippi.The new railroads made canal shipping not as important as before, but it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country. It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export oversea
36、s.Exports from New York were greater than imports. Consequently, shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe. Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result.Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European coun
37、tries. Many of them remained in the city. Others stayed in New York for a few weeks, months, or years, and then moved to other parts of the United States. For these great numbers of new Americans, New York had to provide homes, goods, and services. Their labor helped the city become great.（分数：5.00）(
38、1).Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The Development of Transportation in New York.B.Exports and Imports of New York.C.How New York Became Americas Largest City?D.How New York Exchanged with Europe?(2).Which of the following respects does NOT help New York becom
39、e the most famous city?（分数：1.00）A.Culture.B.History.C.Economics.D.Geographical location.(3).Which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.The Erie Canal connected Lake Erie and the Hudson River.B.Economists are of the opinion that places where farming is done are good for making raw materials
40、 into finished goods.C.Wagons drawn by horses and oxen soon proved to be better and cheaper than canal transportation.D.The coming of the railroads caused New York to become less important as a shipping center.(4).Freight costs were reduced to 10% of what they had been because of（分数：1.00）A.the decli
41、ne in taxes.B.the construction of the railroads.C.the construction of the Erie Canal.D.the development of industry.(5).Why were passengers from Europe able to travel to New York so cheaply?（分数：1.00）A.Because the ships were little crowded on the trip back to New York.B.Because shipping companies were
42、 eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe.C.Because the shipping companies wanted to develop travelling industry in New York.D.Because few Europeans longed to visit New York.十、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In Anglo-America there are three major ethnic groups. The first is t
43、he original Indian population, who today represents a minority group. The second is the descendants of European colonists who emigrated to the two countries before the end of the nineteenth century. These majority populations normally speak English, are highly-educated, and most of them are cultural
44、ly homogeneous (同类的) in broad cultural values. A third group is made up of ethnic minorities, from Asia, Latin America, Africa, or parts of Europe who have either linguistic, religious, racial, or other cultural attributes that distinguish them from the majority population.The United States has a va
45、ried ethnic minority pattern, without the dominance of one minority group in a specific geographical area. The largest ethnic group in America is the blacks, totaling an estimated 26 million in 1980, or 12 percent of the population. Unlike the French, the black population of the United States is not
46、 culturally and geographically isolated in one area. Slightly more than half of American blacks live in the South, and 49 percent reside in the East and the West. The black American speaks English, has a tendency to share, the characteristics of competition, materialism, and individualism with other
47、 United States citizens, and has no distinctive religion.The Spanish-speaking minority in America is reluctant to adopt the values of the dominant cultural group. There is increasingly a demand for bilingual (双语的) education to allow Spanishspeaking children to use English in their educational progra
48、ms. The existence of a large and growing minority population such as the Spanish-speaking Americans, who are increasingly committed to their own food and newspapers in Latin, is one of the issues facing Anglo-America in the future. The old concept of a melting pot is being replaced by the concept of
49、 a plural society.（分数：5.00）(1).From the context, we know that “attributes“ (Para. 1) means（分数：1.00）A.similarities of ethnic groups.B.qualities belonging to ethnic minorities.C.differences between ethnic minorities.D.relationships among ethnic groups.(2).Which of the following does NOT present a true picture of American blacks?（分数：1.00）A.Few blacks live in the north parts of the United States.B.They pr
