1、公共英语四级-143 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Directions:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are THREE parts in this section, Pa
2、rt A, Part B and Part C.Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.If you have any questions, you
3、 may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.BPart A/BDirections:For Questions 15, you will hear a brief introduction to Scotland. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the i
4、nformation has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below.（分数：5.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Directions:For Questions 610, you wil
5、l hear a passage about how to keep teeth healthy. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below.（分数：5.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_
6、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart C/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Directions:You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will ha
7、ve 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear each piece once only.Questions 1113 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 1113.（分数：3.00）(1).In the USA, how many children smoke every day?（分数：1.00）A.two fifthsB.63 percentC.About one in fiveD.6
8、3,000(2).Why should children be educated about the harm of smoking at an early age?（分数：1.00）A.Because small children are more curious about cigarettes.B.Because smoking is difficult to give up for children.C.Because the early age is the time to form values.D.Because childrens health is more venerabl
9、e to the hurt of cigarette.(3).What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.11 percent of boys in America smoke before their fourth grade.B.Nicotine is a part of cigarette.C.Children form values in the fourth grade.D.Parents who cannot stop smoking should force their children to stay away from i
10、t.Questions 1416 are based on the following talk on a dialogue between a man and a woman. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 1416.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the value of work for Mr. Smith?（分数：1.00）A.Making contribution.B.Gaining self-esteem.C.Making a living.D.Realizing ideal.(2).According to the
11、dialogue, which of the following is true for the woman?（分数：1.00）A.She doesnt agree with that money is a badge for success.B.She believes that money and status can not be separated.C.She hardly likes her profession.D.She thinks making money is the most important factor as for work.(3).What can be inf
12、erred from the dialogue?（分数：1.00）A.Mr. Smith is not good at his work.B.The boss doesnt trust Mr. Smith.C.Mr. Smith is keen on his job.D.The two speakers are employer and employee.Questions 1720 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 1720.（分数：4.00）(1).Why does t
13、he speaker say that radiation is similar to radio waves?（分数：1.00）A.Because both of them can be detected by human senses.B.Because both of them can be sensed by a radio receiver.C.Because both of them are harmful.D.Because both of them can only be detected by devices.(2).According to the passage, why
14、 does the cancer increase?（分数：1.00）A.Because people expose too much to the computer.B.Because people dont care about the low levels of radiation.C.Because the cells are killed by radiation.D.Because the cells produce themselves in an unusual way.(3).Which of the following is true according to the pa
15、ssage?（分数：1.00）A.Radiation at low levels is harmless.B.Radiation produces cells in a strange way.C.Radiation can lead to cancer.D.Radiations damage is obvious.(4).Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Cancer can be passed on to the next generation.B.Senior citizens are m
16、ore vulnerable to the hurt of radiation.C.The impact of radiation can be accessible over generations.D.Scientists have found out solutions to radiation.四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.Ele
17、ctricity plays an essential part in our life. No one can deny that electric light is necessary for peoples life. However, can you imagine such a world where there is no U(21) /U of electric light? As darkness falls over, children read in the light given by oil lamps and candles. Youths U(22) /U time
18、 only by talking instead of watching TV. Everything is surrounded by U(23) /U shadows. U(24) /U, we have a man named Edison. He created bulb that U(25) /U for two days before burning out. He also developed successfully a system for U(26) /U electricity from a central powerhouse. It is he that gives
19、us electric light, gramophone, moving pictures-all those we take U(27) /U granted.After the invention of electricity, manufacturers increasingly applied the findings of invention to their businesses, U(28) /U generating new industrial growth. Development of electricity leads to the U(29) /U creation
20、s of new products and materials. In the past century and a half, electricity has steadily U(30) /U. At first, it is scientific curiosity, then to a luxurious part of the U(31) /U, and then to being necessary in every ones life. Electricity has been common in the latest fifty years. Simple tasks, suc
21、h as setting alarm clock to wake up at a U(32) /U time or enjoying a piece of music, are accomplished via electronic means.We live with the benefits of electricity every day. As a result, we always think that whenever we U(33) /U our gadgets into the wall socket, the power will be there. For most mo
22、dern people, the loss of power means the complete loss of U(34) /U. Their lifestyle is so dependent upon the grids constancy U(35) /U they do not know how to live without it. How do you cook a meal without electricity if your gas stove has an electric ignition? Please imagine the life without electr
23、icity further. What do you do with a freezer full of food in a hot day? How do you find out what is happening in your area with the TV and radio off? These are questions which should be seriously considered. Let us imagine the U(36) /U of a short power outage together. Factories close down; phones a
24、nd computers go dead; food U(37) /U in refrigerators. What a disordered life that would be!All the convenience which electricity has brought to our life should owe to Edison. When Edison died at his home in New Jersey in 1931, the whole United States were switched off to mark his passing, and in U(3
25、8) /U of the man whose discoveries had so changed and improved the life of people everywhere. For a moment, all was U(39) /U - as the world had always been before, until Edison U(40) /U on the light.（分数：20.00）A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.vigorA.killB.wasteC.expendD.takeA.bouncingB.flickingC.runningD.fl
26、yingA.ButB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.ThereforeA.firedB.glowedC.manipulatedD.bestowedA.diffusingB.transmittingC.transitingD.deliveringA.forB.onC.withD.toA.otherwiseB.neverthelessC.thusD.sinceA.numerousB.monstrousC.tremendousD.industriousA.improveB.evolveC.mountD.ascendA.affluentB.producersC.civilianD.paupe
27、rA.destinedB.reservedC.designatedD.fixedA.castB.hustleC.plugD.dartA.normalcyB.restrictionC.balanceD.regularityA.whichB.muchC.thatD.asA.affectionB.consequenceC.causationD.procedureA.collapsesB.spoilsC.flustersD.transmutesA.placeB.favorC.needD.honorA.faintB.vagueC.darkD.paleA.shiftB.switchC.swirlD.swi
28、pe五、BSection Readi(总题数：5，分数：35.00)BPart A/BRead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.BText 1/BWe often hear advice from the dermatologists, “You should keep using sunscreen cream-just to be safe“. More and more p
29、eople are questioning about sunscream. Can sunscreen cream help protect me against melanomas? How safe are we in applying these chemical cocktails? Does it actually stop melanomas, the most dangerous type of skin cancer, from forming? As is known to all, sunscreen cream can protect the skin from the
30、 harmful effects of sun. The most .important function of it is the prevention of skin cancer. A great number of American people like to use it. Surprisingly, this kind of cancer is increasing in incidence faster than any other cancer in the United States. It seems that sunscreen actually increases t
31、he risk of skin cancer. More and more health experts are taking a discommendable attitude to the application of sunscreen.Researchers show that the earlier finding has many flaws and is unable to prove the exact function because they fail to take into account many exceptional cases. For instance, so
32、me people prefer to use sunscreen cream while going out. However, sunscreen cream users suffer from cancer more often. In fact, sunscreen cream allows people to remain exposed in the sun longer. People are likely to get skin problem under the sunshine for a long time. Besides, many people use the su
33、nscreen cream in an inappropriate way. The sunscreen cream should be applied about half an hour before going outside, so the time is enough for the sunscreen to soak in and take effect. In fact, the protection of sunscreen will not last indefinitely. It should be reapplied at least every two hours w
34、hen people stay outdoors for a prolonged period. After swimming, bathing, perspiring heavily, or drying off with a towel or handkerchief, you had better reapply it, too.Millions of gallons of sunscreen cream are consumed each year. Only 5% of products overall met the criteria for safety and sunscree
35、n effectiveness. Three of five brand-name products can not protect the skin from sun damage sufficiently or they contain hazardous chemicals, according to a report by Environmental Working Group (EWG).It is time to change our misunderstanding now. In fact, besides the sunshine-preventing function, i
36、t also has the function of protecting our skin. We all know that the sun impacts collagen production in the skin, and without collagen, skin wont naturally maintain that plump, moist, youthful, wrinkle-free look. Without the protection of sunscreen cream, just a few minutes of daily sun exposure ove
37、r the years can cause noticeable changes in skin. Sunscreen cream can protect our skin from these damaging rays, so that even if we do spend time outdoors, our face is less likely to give away our age.（分数：5.00）(1).What can we learn from the first paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Sunscreen cream is essential in
38、peoples life.B.The dermatologists prefer to attribute the skin problems to sunshine.C.People agree with the dermatologists opinion on using sunscreen cream.D.Sunscreen cream actually increases the risk of skin cancer.(2).Which of the following is true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.People could
39、 get skin problems using sunscreen cream.B.People had better not reuse sunscreen cream when they are outside.C.Sunscreen cream can not function after a long period.D.We should abandon handkerchiefs to deal with skin problems.(3).The word “met“ in Paragraph Three, Line Two probably refers to（分数：1.00）
40、A.seeB.discoverC.reachD.act(4).What is mainly discussed in the text?（分数：1.00）A.How to use sunscreen cream betterB.The different opinions on sunscreen creamC.Connection between cancer and sunscreenD.Research on the new functions of sunscreen cream(5).According to the text, what is not the attitude of
41、 the Writer?（分数：1.00）A.The writer has changed the prejudiced opinion on sunscreen cream.B.The writer advises people to use sunscreen cream regularly.C.The writer persuades the people to put the sunscreen to everyday use.D.The writer is supporting the new findings on sunscreen cream.BText 2/BBacteria
42、 are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which exist on this planet for nearly 4,000 million years. Do you know the size of bacteria? It can only be measured in microns. Maybe you have not a standard in your mind how long a micr
43、on is. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead. Therefore, even if we enlarged the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would only be the size of a pinhead. We barely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of 100 times, even if we tr
44、y, we cannot make out anything of their structure. There are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really fast.Scientists have found that some bacteria have attached to wavy-looking “hairs“ called flagella. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Others can g
45、lide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. They are active all the time. Even the bacteria without flagella often bound about in the water. They are pushed here and there, collid
46、ing with the watery molecules.Bacteria cannot be detected because they dont produce bad odor or change the color or texture of the food. Therefore, when people eat the food with many bacteria, they are likely to get hepatitis A, acute gastroenteritis and a host of other illnesses. Many households ha
47、ve refrigerators to prevent from bacteria. Of course, freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria, however, when food is thawed, the bacteria will become reactivated. Bacteria can not be totally destroyed before the food is thoroughly cooked. We need to know that not all bacteria are in conn
48、ection with illness. Just some bacteria can cause disease. They are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system can protect us from them.Bacteria are prokaryotes ( single cells that do not contain a nucleus). It may seem weird to classify organisms according to such details, but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (all organisms with a nucleus inside their cells) is of extreme importance
