1、公共英语四级-119 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demeaning to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the wo
2、rld that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of the whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth. There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a large, more important concept. What coul
3、d be more important than the individual oneself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, eliminates all envy and
4、 competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to wear the same clothing to forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of house, eat the same type
5、of food. When this happens, all incentive to improve one“s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had? Uniforms also hurt th
6、e economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Salespersons would be superfluou
7、s as well: why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain
8、 in business. Our entire information and entertainment industries would founder.（分数：25.00）(1).The author“s viewpoint on uniforms can best be described as _.（分数：5.00）A.practicalB.hystericalC.radicalD.critical(2).Judged from its style, this passage might be found in _.（分数：5.00）A.a children“s comics bo
9、okB.an editorial in a paperC.a sociology textbookD.a political platform(3).It can be inferred that the author believes that _.（分数：5.00）A.individuals have no self-worth when they become part of an organizationB.individuals are more important than organizationsC.individuals are not so important as org
10、anizationsD.individuals are the same important as organizations(4).The author brings in the example of a parent striving to make life better for his children to make the point that _.（分数：5.00）A.parents have responsibilities for their childrenB.uniforms would be less expensive than clothing for child
11、renC.uniforms cause dissension between parents and childrenD.individual motivation would be destroyed by uniforms(5).The last word of the passage “founder“ probably means _.（分数：5.00）A.collapseB.shrinkC.disappearD.establish四、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)A report consistently brought back by visitors to the
12、US is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are
13、 hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived
14、 distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nea
15、rest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn“t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be
16、 in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling
17、 through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinneramazing.“ Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as ar
18、tificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that some
19、one understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate“ cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend“, the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor“s language and c
20、ulture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.（分数：25.00）(1).In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, _.（分数
21、：5.00）A.rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the USB.small-minded officials deserve a serious commentC.Canadians are not so friendly as their neighborsD.most Americans are ready to offer help(2).It could be inferred from the last paragraph that _.（分数：5.00）A.culture exercises an influence over social
22、 interrelationshipB.courteous convention and individual interest are interrelatedC.various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friendsD.social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions(3).Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers _.（分数：5.00）A.to im
23、prove their hard lifeB.in view of their long-distance travelC.to add some flavor to their own daily lifeD.out of a charitable impulse(4).The tradition of hospitality to strangers _.（分数：5.00）A.tends to be superficial and artificialB.is generally well kept up in the united StatesC.is always understood
24、 properlyD.has something to do with the busy tourist trails(5).What“s the author“s attitudes toward the American“s friendliness?（分数：5.00）A.Favorable.B.Unfavorable.C.Indifferent.D.Neutral.五、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their education. However
25、, nearly all require some break in one“s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time education, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the process out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. Additionally, such
26、 programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact negatively on one“s career and family time. Of the many approaches to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning. Distance learning is an educational method, which allows
27、 the students the flexibility to study at his or her own pace to achieve the academic goals, which are so necessary in today“s world. The time required to study many be set aside at the student“s convenience with due regard to all life“s other requirements. Additionally, the student may enroll in di
28、stance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be available via regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet. Good distance learning programs are characterized by the incl
29、usion of a subject evaluation tool with every subject. This precludes the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test. Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the equivalence of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students
30、 taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed. The individuality of the professor/student relationship is another characteristic of a good distance-learning program. In the final analysis, a goo
31、d distance learning program has a place not only for the individual students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the educational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. Sponsoring distance learning progra
32、ms for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining career-minded people while contributing to their personal and professional growth through education.（分数：25.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of part-time education?（分数：5.00）A.It requires
33、some break in one“s career.B.It tends to last too long for many people to complete a degree program.C.It affects one“s career.D.It gives the student less time to share with the family.(2).Which of the following is NOT an advantage of distance learning?（分数：5.00）A.The students may choose his or her ow
34、n pace.B.The students may study at any time to his or her convenience.C.They can pursue their chosen career while studying.D.Their tutorial assistance comes through regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, etc.(3).What benefit will distance-learning program bring to a business?（分数：5.00）A.Recru
35、itment of more talented people.B.Good image of the business.C.Better cooperation with universities.D.Further training of employees and business growth.(4).What benefit will distance learning bring to an employee of a business?（分数：5.00）A.Professional growth.B.Good relationship with the employer.C.Goo
36、d impression on the employer.D.Higher salary.(5).Which is not the characteristic of distance learning?（分数：5.00）A.It includes a subject evaluation tool with every subject.B.Its course uses the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus.C.A distance-learning program
37、has a place only for students.D.The relationship of the professor/student is characterized by individuality.六、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：25.00)I remember the way the light touched her hair. She turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom. I felt as though I“d
38、been struck a blow under the heart. Thus began my first love affair. Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. Does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window
39、her windowlike some hapless summer insect? That delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now. I would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and I“d become paralyzed. She always seemed
40、so poised, so self-possessed. At home, I“d relive each encounter, writhing at the thought of my inadequacies. We eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me. “Going steady“ implied a maturity we
41、still lacked. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and my own Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desired. I managed to hold her once at a dancechaperoned, of course. Our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that I hated myself
42、for what I“d been thinking. At any rate, my love for Rachel remained unrequited. We graduated from high school, she went on to college, and I joined the Army. When World War II engulfed us, I was sent overseas. For a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless
43、years. Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies. I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my nest letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal. Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while I was a
44、waiting discharge. She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. Looking back on it, I must have recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months I believed I didn“t want to live. Like Rachel, I found someone else, whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commit
45、ment that has lasted to this day.（分数：25.00）(1).According to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair began?（分数：5.00）A.Before he entered his teens.B.In his early teens.C.In his middle teens.D.When he was just out of his teens.(2).How did the author behave as a boy in love?（分数：5.
46、00）A.His first love motivated him toward hard study.B.His first love evoked sentimental memories.C.He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion.D.He fulfilled his expectations and desires.(3).According to the passage, what held them back from a loving kiss?（分数：5.00）A.Her Jewish origin did not a
47、llow it.B.His Catholic adherence forbade it.C.They were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to kiss in line with their religious decorum.D.Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful.(4).According to the passage, what was Rachel“s response to the author“s tender affection before the
48、war?（分数：5.00）A.She recognized and accepted his love affectionately.B.She thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down.C.She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him.D.She didn“t care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings.(5).Which of the
49、following best describes the organization of the passage?（分数：5.00）A.Statement and example.B.Cause and effect.C.Order of importance.D.Linear description.公共英语四级-119 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demeaning to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part
