1、公共英语五级-42 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)You will hear a conversation. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 5 by writing T (for True) or F (for False). You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. （分数：5.00）(1).The woman is probably a doctor.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错
2、误(2).I. Q. test can measure certain types of intelligence.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).According to the woman, many adults are unhappy because they are not doing the things they are best at.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).Psychologically speaking, a child who possesses motor intelligence will become an engineer.（分数：1.
3、00）A.正确B.错误(5).Musically gifted children are fascinated by all kinds of sounds.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：2，分数：6.00)Questions 1 3 are based on the following talk; listen and choose the best answer. （分数：3.00）(1).What was Huntington“s conclusion based on?（分数：1.00）A.Records of changes in his own int
4、elligence.B.Work of people in different climates.C.Records of temperature changes.D.All of the above.(2).What did Huntington find?（分数：1.00）A.Cool weather is more favorable for thinking than warm weather is.B.Cool weather is less favorable for thinking than warm weather is.C.Cool weather is not the t
5、ime for thinking.D.Cool weather is the right time for vacation.(3).Which season is the best period of the year for thinking?（分数：1.00）A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.D.Winter.Questions 4 6 are based on the following talk; listen and choose the best answer. （分数：3.00）(1).Which of the following is TRUE accor
6、ding to the talk?（分数：1.00）A.A person“s intelligence is developed by his environment.B.A person“s intelligence is developed by his experiences.C.A person“s intelligence depends on birth.D.All of the above.(2).What does a person depends on to reach his limits of his intelligence?（分数：1.00）A.His birth.B
7、.His environment.C.His hard working.D.His mood.(3).Which of the following groups of people may have similar degrees of intelligence?（分数：1.00）A.Two unrelated people taken at random from the population.B.Two unrelated people living in close contact with each other.C.Two identical people living in diff
8、erent environment.D.Two people born almost at the same time.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)You will hear a talk. As you listen, you must answer Questions 1 5 by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words. （分数：5.00）(1).What are intelligence test scores generally used to determine?（分数：1.00）_(2).What do intelligence tes
9、ts provide?（分数：1.00）_(3).What is the greatest problem in using intelligence tests for the purpose of prediction?（分数：1.00）_(4).Where is the test used as a criterion of admission besides the college entrance exam?（分数：1.00）_(5).Why do many students drop out of school according to the speaker?（分数：1.00）_
10、五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Intelligence tests have been constructed of three kinds. Verbal paper-and-pencil tests, 1 paper-and-pencil tests, where the tasks are presented by means of pictures and diagrams, and performance tests 2 require the manipulation of objects. Some, such as the Binet
11、test and the performance tests, are given to subjects 3 ; most verbal and non-verbal tests can be 4 by a group of subjects writing at the same time. The 5 are told to do their tasks within a certain time, their results are 6 and the result of each is compared with a scale indicating what may be expe
12、cted 7 children of the same age, i. e. what marks are 8 of the relatively few bright ones, what marks are expected of the few 9 ones, and what marks are expected of the bulk of the population with whom the comparison is being 10 . This “calibration“ of the test has been made beforehand and we are no
13、t concerned with the methods employed. One thing, 11 , we have to notice, and that is that the assessment of the Intelligence of any subject is essentially a comparative affair. The results of assessment are expressed in various 12 , the most familiar 13 in terms of what is called the Intelligence 1
14、4 . For our purposes we need not consider how this has been devised; it is enough to say that an I. Q. round about 100 is “average“, while more than 105 or less than 95 are above or below the 15 respectively.（分数：30.00）六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Taking charge of yourse
15、lf involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels, and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal edu
16、cation and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of discipline is “intel
17、ligent“. Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day. If you are happy if you live each moment for everything it“s worth, then you a
18、re an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you
19、 have the ultimate weapon against the big N. B. D.Nervous Break Down. “Intelligent“ people do not have N. B. D. s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives. You can begin to think of you
20、rself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises
21、 are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrenc
22、es, while others collapse or have an N. B. D Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don“t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.（分数：10.00）(1).The passage is mainly about _.（分数：2.00）A.intellectual prejudiceB.hap
23、piness and unhappinessC.the measures of self-fulfillmentD.the criteria of intelligence(2).According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Traditionally, people who have all of the properly lettered certificates are regarded as intelligent talents.B. The notion of i
24、ntelligence measured according to one“s ability to read, write and compute results in a kind of intellectual prejudice.B.Intelligent people are liable to N.C., because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives.D.Human beings in any social context meet similar problems or difficulties, s
25、uch as money, growing old, sickness, deaths, etc.(3).You can infer from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.a gentleman who graduates from Cambridge University is more intelligent than a workerB. a businessman who received just primary education but is good at coping with various problems in the business
26、circle is more intelligent than a professor who suffers from N.BD.C.white-collar workers are more intelligent than blue-collar onesD.males are more intelligent than females(4).The writer holds that an intelligent person _.（分数：2.00）A.can resolve abstract equations efficientlyB.looks down upon those p
27、eople who lack formal education and bookish excellenceC.owns the“ weapon“ to defeat the big N. . .D.is always prepared for the circumstances with economic problems(5).According to the writer, what kind of people is the most intelligent?（分数：2.00）A.Those who show optimism in favorable circumstances.B.
28、Those who show pessimism in favorable circumstances.C.Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don“t measure happiness by an absence of problems.D.Both B and C.八、Part B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It goes without saying that exercise is good for your body, but what many don“t realize is that it“s al
29、so good for your mind. No, we don“t mean that weight training will suddenly turn you into an Einsteinbut study after study has found that working out regularly improves your mood, boosts your sense of self-esteem and even enhances the functioning of your brain. 1 Working out can give you a sense of
30、exhilaration and accomplishment, and the increased self-esteem that results from doing something you know is good for you. Exercise causes your body to produce endorphins, the chemicals that dull pain and help produce what“s known as the exercise high. Weight-bearing exercise in particular raises yo
31、ur testosterone levels, which can help improve your mood, especially if your levels are naturally on the low side. According to Harvard psychiatrist John J. Ratey, M. D., co-author of a book on psychological disorders called Shadow Syndromes, a single workout can raise your brain“s levels of antidep
32、ressant chemicals, such as dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine. 2 Working out helps you deal with stress in your job, relationships or any area of lifepossibly because exercise is a form of stress itself and helps condition your body to deal with it. 3 Even a little exercise can make you less anx
33、ious. Studies have shown that any amount of exercise, from a brisk 10-minute walk to an intense aerobics or weightlifting session, seems to decrease feelings of anxiety. 4 Working out regularly may make you smarter now and lessen the possibility that you“ll lose brain function as you age. According
34、to a recent animal study at the university of Illinois, exercise can actually help the brain develop new cells. In several studies, regular weight training or aerobic exercise was shown to improve the quality and duration of sleep. Naturally, this can make you less fatigue and able to function bette
35、r during the day. Like meditation, hobbies or any other leisure activity, exercise gives your mind a needed break from everyday thoughts, responsibilities and commitments. 5 A . CAT scans provide accurate, detailed information. They can detect such a thing as bleeding inside the brain. They are help
36、ing to save lives. B. There is one more reason to keep exercising. When you work out regularly (but don“t overtrain), your body simply functions betteryou are fitter, healthier and less likely to suffer painful physical conditions. And just pain feels good. C. If you are feeling down, exercise may h
37、elp pick you up. Although researchers disagree on this issue, one review of past studies found that long-term exercise, especially when it includes long-lasting, strenuous training sessions, has about as much of an effect on depression as psychotherapy. (Of course, this does not mean you shouldn“t s
38、eek therapy.)If you believe you may be suffering from depression the first thing to do is to consult a mental-health professional. D. When Australian researchers compared people who did 30 minutes of aerobic exercise three times a week to those who practiced progressive-relaxation techniques, they f
39、ound that the former group responded better to acute stress and had lower blood pressure. E. Aerobic exercise may make you think better. Over time, cardio exercise (coupled with a healthful diet) improves the flow of blood that carries oxygen and nutrients to your brain. F. As with other aspects of
40、the health connection between mind and body, scientists are only beginning to understand why physical workouts also provide a mental and emotional boost. But many possibilities are already known, and new research is continually going forward. For those in search of mental as well as physical motivat
41、ion, here are some extra reasons to begin a workout program for the new millennium.（分数：10.00）九、Part C(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A=Brain 1 B=Brain 2 C=Brain 3 Which part of brains. differentiates human being from other animals? 1 controls human emotions? 2 sends information from the other two brains to the body
42、? 3 controls the involuntary functions? 4 controls memory and learning? 5 is little different from that of mammals in structure? 6 makes people speak and write? 7 makes people have the senses of taste and smell? 8 acts as a unifying control of the other two brains? 9 is responsible for aggressive be
43、haviour? 10 When you refer to your brain, you should probably say “brains“. Most modem scientists studying the brain have concluded at there are three major parts of our brain, that each is separate from the others, and that each has its own functions and distinctive processes. Brain 1 Brain 1 inclu
44、des the spinal cord, the medullawhich sits directly atop the cordand the middle section of the brain. It includes the controls for involuntary functions like breathing and digestion, along with the nerves necessary for reproduction. The structure of the human brain 1 is little different from the str
45、uctures of the brains of mammals and reptiles. Brain 1 is apparently responsible both for aggressive and social behavior. Brain 2 Brain 2 is an area surrounding brain 1. In this second brain are the various glands located in the brain, such as the pituitary and amygdala. Scientists studying brain 2
46、are convinced that human emotions such as excitement, fear, and love are centered here, as well as the senses of taste and smell. Memory and learning are also controlled by brain 2. Electrical charges applied to this section of the brain cause seizures and psychotic behavior. Brain 3 Brain 3 is the
47、neocortex, the thick covering that surrounds the top and side portions of the brain. This is the “gray matter“ we often think of when we speak of the brain. Only the higher orders of animals have brain 3, and none is as highly developed as the human neocortex. Brain 3 sends information from the othe
48、r two brains to the body and receives data from the body. It is apparently brain 3 that makes us fully human. Brain 3 allows us to stand erect, to plan and anticipate the future, to see, to speak, to write, to use symbols and tools, and to remember. Brain 3 apparently also acts as a unifying control of the other two Brains. As scientists continue to study the brain, they discover specific areas that
