1、公共英语四级-61 及答案解析(总分：86.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPart A/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)（分数：4.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)（分数：4.00）(1).Why did Miss Green go to see her doctor?（分数：0.80）填空项 1:_(2).What did the doctor suggest that Miss Green should do?（分数：0.80）填
2、空项 1:_(3).Why was the doctor surprised when Miss Green came to see him again?（分数：0.80）填空项 1:_(4).What did the doctor do then?（分数：0.80）填空项 1:_(5).Why wasnt Miss Green getting any better?（分数：0.80）填空项 1:_四、BPart C/B(总题数：3，分数：11.00)（分数：3.00）(1).According to the passage, why havent the scientists find a
3、cure for the common cold? A. There are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify. B. There is no cure. C. They are too busy. D. The virus is too small.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the speaker say about the symptoms of the common cold? A. Blood becomes slow. B. Temperatures decreases. C.
4、They show our body is fighting the virus. D. Have a headache.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What do some scientists say about taking medicines for the common cold according to the passage? A. It is good for people. B. It actually does more harm than good. C. It can help people keep healthy. D. It can give the
5、m more energy.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：4.00）(1).What is the date today according to the talk? A. July 10th. B. July 11th. C. July 9th. D. July 8th.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Why does Mr. Cotton call? A. He calls to cancel his reservation. B. He calls to change his ticket. C. He calls to check his ticket. D. H
6、e calls to cancel his reservation and make another.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the talk, which of the following is true? A. Mr. Cotton calls British airlines. B. The July 12th plane is not available. C. Mr. Cotton chooses the economy class seat. D. Mr. Cotton likes the aisle seat.（分数：1.00）A.B.
7、C.D.(4).Which of the following can be inferred from the talk? A. Mr. Cotton should come to the ticket office as soon as possible. B. Mr. Cotton gets the ticket at once. C. Mr. Cotton will get the ticket in the local post office. D. Mr. Cotton needs to go to the ticket office to get the ticket.（分数：1.
8、00）A.B.C.D.（分数：4.00）(1).Whats Toms purpose of speaking to Mr. Clinton? A. Asking for housing. B. Asking for a promotion. C. Asking for a raise. D. Asking for some help for work.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Whats Mr. Clintons comment on his work? A. He does his job enthusiastically, though he has not much ef
9、ficiency. B. He didnt want to persist on his job from the beginning. C. He does his job adequately, but he doesnt do it well enough to deserve a raise. D. He should be dismissed anyway.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What does Mr. Clinton suggest that Tom should do? A. Take more initiative and show more enthus
10、iasm for the job. B. Dont neglect the duty any more. C. Wait for some time patiently. D. Study more knowledge about his subject.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does Tom threaten to do if he cant get what he wants? A. To shout out in front of the others. B. Not to leave the bosss office. C. To accuse the c
11、ompany. D. To quit his job.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Industry has great influence on every aspect of the people in the world. The industrial societies have been extremely productive during the last two centuries. The economic advance has beenU U 1 /U /U. People have noticed th
12、at during thisU U 2 /U /Ushort period of time, greater changes in peoplesU U 3 /U /Uhave occurred than in the thousands of years whichU U 4 /U /U.From about 8000 B. C. ,when the agriculturalU U 5 /U /Uof the human race began in 1776 A. D. , the beginning of the American Revolution, peopleU U 6 /U /U
13、hardly any richer at all. The Americans of 1776 used the same energyU U 7 /U /Uas the Romans of I A. D. Both the ancient Romans and Americans of 200 years ago could travel about the same shortU U 8 /U /Uin a day. Both had about the same an num income and the same lifeU U 9 /U /U.During the past 200
14、years the world population has increased 6 times, the annual worldU U 10 /U /Uhas increase 80 times, and the distance a person can travel hasU U 11 /U /Uup 1,000 times. There has al so been much recent progressU U 12 /U /Uart, culture, learning land science. Such changes haveU U 13 /U /Uto a high ra
15、te of production andU U 14 /U /Uof the economy.Within the next 100 to 150 years, the earths resources, economistsU U 15 /U /U,will become veryU U 16 /U /U. Their fears are partlyU U 17 /U /U, but we Should not be afraid. Industrial civilizationU U 18 /U /Uto new knowledge, we not onlyU U 19 /U /Unew
16、 forms of resources, but we also find ways toU U 20 /U /Utheir use. Advances modem knowledge can feed the hungry people of the world and improve their standard of living.（分数：20.00）(1). A. particular B. unique C. remarkable D. excessive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. considerably B. relatively C. approximat
17、ely D. normally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. arrangements B. orders C. conceptions D. conditions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. preceded B. exceeded C. led D. introduced（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. time B. era C. epoch D. century（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6). A. evolved B. developed C. tamed D. grew（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7). A.
18、origins B. stores C. potentials D. sources（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8). A. distance B. trip C. journey D. length（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9). A. year B. period C. span D. spell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10). A. harvest B. output C. production D. outcome（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11). A. amounted B. gone C. built D. grown（分数：1.00）A.B
19、.C.D.(12). A. in B. on C. about D. at（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13). A. reduced B. brought C. led D. tamed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. influence B. independenceC. impact D. growth（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15). A. fear B. suggest C. organize D. calculate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16). A. scare B. rare C. inferior D. little（分数：1.0
20、0）A.B.C.D.(17). A. unreasonable B. excused C. convinced D. justified（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18). A. applies B. refers C. adapts D. adopts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19). A. realizes B. creates C. substitutes D. carries（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20). A. expand B. transform C. economize D. propagate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection
21、 Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、BPassage 1/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The term “virus“ is derived from the Latin word for poison, or slime. It was originally applied to the noxious stench emanating from swamps that was thought to cause a variety of diseases in the centuries before microbes wer
22、e discovered and specifically linked to illness. But it was not until almost the end of the nineteenth century that a true virus was Uproven/U to be the cause of a disease.The Unature/U of viruses made them impossible to detect for many years, even after bacteria had been discovered and studied. Not
23、 only are viruses too small to be seen with a light microscope, they also cannot be detected through their biological activity, except as it occurs in conjunction with other organisms. In fact, viruses show no traces of biological activity by themselves. Unlike bacteria, they are not living agents i
24、n the strictest sense. Viruses are very simple pieces of organic material composed only nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, enclosed in a coat of, protein made up of simple structural units. They are parasites, requiring human, animal or plant cells to live. The virus replicates by attaching to a cell
25、and injecting its nucleic acid; once inside the cell, the DNA or RNA that contains the virus genetic information takes over the cells biological machinery, and the cell begins to manufacture viral protein rather than its own.（分数：4.00）(1).Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. N
26、ew Developments in Viral Research. B. Exploring the Causes of Disease. C. DNA: Natures Building Block. D. Understanding Viruses.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(2).Before microbes were discovered it was believed that some diseases were caused by A. germ-carrying insects. B. certain strains of bacteria. C. foul odo
27、rs released from swamps. D. slimy creatures living near swamps.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “proven“ (Line 4, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to which of the following? A. Shown. B. Imagined. C. Feared. D. Considered.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “nature“ (Line 1, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to w
28、hich of the following? A. Self-sufficiency. B. Characteristics. C. Shapes. D. Speed.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.(5).The author implies that bacteria were investigated earlier than viruses because A. bacteria are easier to detect. B. bacteria are harder to eradicate. C. viruses are extremely poisonous. D. virus
29、es are found only in hot climates.（分数：0.80）A.B.C.D.九、BPassage 2/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which exist on this planet for nearly 4,000 million years. Do you know the size of bacteria? It can
30、 only be measured in microns. Maybe you have not a standard in your mind how long a micron is. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead. Therefore, even if we enlarged the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would only be the size of a pinhead. We b
31、arely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of 100 times, even if we try, we cannot make out anything of their structure. There are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really fast.Scientists have found that some bacteria have attached to wavy-looking “hairs“ ca
32、lled flagella. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Others can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. They are active all the time. Even the bacteria
33、 without flagella often bound about in the water. They are pushed here and there, colliding with the watery molecules.Bacteria cannot be detected because they dont produce bad odor or change the color or texture of the food. Therefore, when people eat the food with many bacteria, they are likely to
34、get hepatitis A, acute gastroenteritis and a host of other illnesses. Many households have refrigerators to prevent from bacteria. Of course, freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria, however, when food is thawed, the bacteria will become reactivated. Bacteria can not be totally destroyed
35、 before the food is thoroughly cooked. We need to know that not all bacteria are in connection with illness. Just some bacteria can cause disease. They are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system can protect us from them.Bacteria are prokaryotes ( single cells that do not contain a
36、 nucleus). It may seem weird to classify organisms according to such details, but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (all organisms with a nucleus inside their cells) is of extreme importance in biology, and is the result of a major evolu
37、tionary breakthrough. Visit our program tomorrow if you want to know more, thank you.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph? A. Bacteria are as big as a pinhead. B. Bacteria can not be seen by an ordinary microscope. C. Bacteria are hard to see because they ofte
38、n live together. D. Bacteria are very small so they can only be measured in microns.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which statement is not true about flagella? A. Flagella are part of bacteria. B. Flagella help bacteria to move. C. Flagella are always going round and round. D. Flagella are like waves.（分数：1.00）
39、A.B.C.D.(3).What is the meaning of “collide“ in the second paragraph? A. strike B. connect C. bounce D. mix（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following ways can help people prevent from bacteria? A. Smell and have a careful look at the food. B. Only eat the food stored in refrigerator. C. Ensure the
40、food is totally heated before eating. D. Eat the food before they are thawed.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Whether or not to have a nucleus is important in biology. B. The speaker will tell us how to distinguish bacteria tomorrow. C. Evolution will be the main
41、 topic of the program next time. D. Eukaryotes develop from prokaryotes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.十、BPassage 3/B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing perio
42、d after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight ties larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the worlds best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asian
43、s whose economies the war had destroyed.It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. S
44、ome huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrank or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Koreas LG Electronics in July. Foreign-made cars and textiles were s
45、weeping into the domestic market Americas machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans sto
46、pped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of Americas industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational fi
47、ndings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of
