1、公共英语四级-18 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：5.00)BPart A/B BDirections:/B IFor Questions 1-5, you will hear the telephone messages pad which comes from a house where several students live together. While you listen, complete the sentences. Some of the information has been given to
2、 you. Write not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences below./I（分数：5.00）(1).Julia confirming dinner on (1)_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The video recorder is ready, the cost of the repairs (2)_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The textbook Mary
3、 ordered is (3)_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Nick needs his (4)_.taken back to the collge before 12:00.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Dr Boyds new appointment is on (5)_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What is the speaker talking about?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What does the speaker want most?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
4、3).What do the speaker most probably do in the future?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).What is the speakers mother always suggesting to her?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).At what age the speaker would likely get married?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart C/B(总题数：3，分数：10.00)IQuestions 11-14 are based on the following monologue about l
5、ottery tickets in North America. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 11-14./I（分数：4.00）(1).How much money do people usually spend buying one lottery ticket?（分数：1.00）A.Ten dollars.B.One dollars.C.One hundred dollars.D.From one to ten dollars.(2).Which of the following about lottery winners is NO
6、T true?（分数：1.00）A.They find negative factors after winning the lottery.B.Many people envy them.C.Their lives do not change after they win the lottery.D.They do not want to give the money back.(3).Which of the following is NOT one of the changes of privacy loss?（分数：1.00）A.They have lost their privacy
7、.B.They are harassed by letters and phone calls from strangers asking for money.C.Many of them experience long periods of depression.D.Many members of their family have been kidnapped.(4).Of the thirty instant millionaires studied, how many of them were still working a few years after winning the lo
8、ttery?（分数：1.00）A.Seven of them.B.Most of them.C.Half of them.D.All of them.IQuestions 15-17 are based on the following dialogue between friends about their family. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 15-17./I（分数：3.00）(1).Where were Gerry and. Sue married?（分数：1.00）A.In Scotland.B.In England.C.I
9、n Hong Kong.D.In London.(2).Why does Sue want to meet earlier?（分数：1.00）A.She had another appointment later.B.She had to cook dinner.C.She wanted to have longer time staying with her friend.D.She has to come back earlier.(3).What type of accommodation does Sue live in? Al A big private house. B A fla
10、t in a house. C A flat in a building. D A small private house.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.IQuestions 18-20 are based on a professors lecture about how to avoid plagiarism. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18-20./I（分数：3.00）(1).What does the speaker warn the students against doing?（分数：1.00）A.Stealing an
11、other persons ideas.B.Handing in assignments late.C.Sharing notes with someone else.D.Gathering non-relevant materials.(2).According to the speaker, how should most of the notes be taken?（分数：1.00）A.In shorthand.B.In short phrases.C.In the students own words.D.In direct quotation.(3).How does the spe
12、aker say the direct quotation should be used?（分数：1.00）A.It should be enclosed in quotation marks.B.It should be assimilated thoroughly.C.It should be authorized by the source.D.It should be paraphrased by the author.四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A market is commonly thought of as a place where com
13、modities are bought and sold. Thus fruit and vegetables are sold wholesale at Covent Garden Market and meat is sold wholesale at Smithfield Market. But there are markets for thingsU (21) /Ucommodities, in the usual sense. There areU (22) /Uestate markets, foreign exchange markets, labor markets, sho
14、rt-term capital markets, and so on; there may be a market for anything which has a price. And there may be no particular placeU (23) /Udealings are confined. Buyers and sellers may be (24) over the whole world and instead of actually meeting together in a market-place they may deal with one anotherU
15、 (25) /Utelephone, telegram, cable or letter.U (26) /Udealings areU (27) /Uto a particular place, the dealers may consist wholly or in part of agentsU (28) /Uinstructions from clients far away. Thus agents buy meat at Smithfield (29) retail butchers all over England; andU (30) /Uon the London Stock
16、Exchange buy and sellU (31) /Uon instructions from clients all over the world. We must therefore define a marketU (32) /Uany area over which buyers and sellers areU (33) /Usuch close touch with one another, either directly orU (34) /Udealers, that the pricesU (35) /Uin one part of the market affect
17、the prices paid in other parts.Modem means of communication are so rapid that a buyer can discoverU (36) /Uasking, and can accept it if he wishes,U (37) /Uhe may be thousands of miles away. Thus the market for anything isU(38) /U. the whole world. But in fact things have, normally, only a local or n
18、ational market.This may be because nearly the whole demand is concentratedU (39) /Uone locality. These special local demands,U (40) /U, are of quite minor importance. The main reason why many things do not have a world market is that they are costly or difficult to transport.（分数：20.00）A.nothing othe
19、r thanB.other thanC.more thanD.less than(2).A tree BI genuine C real D actual（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.A.for whichB.with whichC.at whichD.to whichA.scatteredB.sentC.spreadD.dispelledA.fromB.byC.atD.onA.BecauseB.UnlessC.WhenD.Even ifA.decidedB.determinedC.restrictedD.restrainedA.acting forB.acting outC.acting
20、 onD.acting upA.on the occasion ofB.on behalf ofC.on account ofD.on the score ofA.brokersB.breakersC.bribersD.braziersA.securityB.securitiesC.safetyD.safetiesA.likeB.asC.forD.toA.onB.toC.inD.for(14).Al by B by means of C through D in the interest of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.A.obtrusiveB.obstinateC.obviousD.O
21、btainableA.what a price a seller isB.what price is a sellerC.what is price a sellerD.what price a seller isA.althoughB.whileC.unlessD.sinceA.normallyB.potentiallyC.incidentallyD.readilyA.forB.onC.inD.uponA.furthermoreB.howeverC.thereforeD.then五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPart A/BIRead the follow
22、ing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1./IBPassage 1/BNumber 10 is neither a small nor a particularly hospitable dwelling. It is two 17th century houses joined together by a narrow corridor. Once inside, one rapidly realizes
23、the house has three separate functions: the office of the head of the British government; a place to entertain the grandest of guests; and a private home for the Prime Minister and his family.Stanley Baldwins experience of sleeping in an airless corridor in the thirties was sufficient to persuade hi
24、s successor, Neville Chamberlain (1937-1940), that a fiat had to be built at the top of the house for the Prime Minister and his family.Second World War bombs started falling before the Churchills could settle in. The final straw was when a bomb landed while Churchills was having dinner. He had a fo
25、recasting and went into the kitchen to warn the staff to take shelter. Seconds later a bomb landed on the grass outside, killing others nearby but none in Number 10.When Churchill returned to power in 1951, they lived in the second floor flat. Churchill remained as eccentric as ever in his working h
26、ours: he would announce in the evening whether it would be a “one or two girl night“, depending on how much dictation he planned to give.Harold Wilsons wife, Mary, felt even less at home in Number 10 in the sixties. In fact, she positively disgusted living there and having to share her husband with
27、his office work and omnipresent aide, Marcia Williams.James and Audrey Callaghan moved into Number 10 in April 1976. Audrey was the first wife of a Labor Prime Minister in history to enjoy living at Number 10. She was accustomed in the State Rooms and in the relative tranquility of their “flat at th
28、e top“. Her husband was one of the most methodical of Prime Ministers. One aide said: “He considered being Prime Minister like being an athlete-there was a duty to be fit“.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the text, What is referred to as Number 10?（分数：1.00）A.A place to entertain the grandest of guests.B.A
29、private house for the Prime Minister and his family.C.The office of the head of the British government.D.All of the above.(2).The expression “the final straw“ in Paragraph 3 could be best explained as_.（分数：1.00）A.the last thing one can standB.the last piece of strawC.the final decisionD.the last thi
30、ng(3).Why did Harold Wilsons wife feel even less in Number 10 in Paragraph 5?（分数：1.00）A.Because she felt relaxed there.B.Because there were always many people.C.Because Number 10 was not her real home.D.Because she had to share her husband with his work and his aide.(4).A close aides quotation from
31、the former Prime Minister, James Callaghan like “there was a duty to be fit“ can be replaced as（分数：1.00）A.“Being a Prime Minister, you should keep yourself in a good physical condition.“B.“No matter you like or not, you have to take good responsibility.“C.“An athlete is easily used to living there.“
32、D.“As a Prime Minister, he should do more exercises to fit his work like an athlete.“(5).How many people who ever lived in Number 10 were mentioned in the text?（分数：1.00）A.Five.B.Six.C.Four.D.Seven.Passage 2I was not at all happy at the prospect of the 700-mile drive from Dar es Salaam to Nairobi. It
33、 was not that I disliked driving but I suspected that what is a very pleasant trip in the dry season could prove disastrous during the long rains, and the monsoons had arrived the previous week. I was fully aware of the possibility of a breakdown, of hitting large animals as they stopped, dazzled by
34、 my headlamps, or even of skidding off the road. But these dangers worried me much less than the thought of the stretches of black cotton soil I would have to negotiate, gray and hard as concrete when dry, but a black, viscous, muddy mess with the consistency of elastic after just one heavy shower o
35、f rain. However, I had to be in Nairobi by the weekend so there was nothing for it but to drive; all planes were fully booked three weeks ahead and with the railway line washed out there was little likelihood of a train in the next few days.The first half of the journey proved completely uneventful,
36、 and I was in a very cheerful frame of mind as I pulled in to Moshi in the misty dawn. A little later, buoyed up by an excellent breakfast and the thought of tarmac roads all the way to the border, I resumed my journey. I drove another 80 miles; I was now within 20 miles of the border and what I saw
37、 ahead matched my spirits. Gone were the hills, completely hidden by the lowering clouds, their ominous, gloomy depths rent by jagged flashes of lightning.Ten minutes later the rain struck-an almost solid wall of water that smashed down on the car in a noisy frenzy, sheeted down the windscreen and m
38、ade it almost impossible for me to see where I was going. The windscreen wipers did little to help; they were not designed to cope with such an avalanche of water. But rain of such intensity could not last long, and by the time I reached the border check-point the rain had eased off to proportions I
39、 felt I could cope with.The check-point consisted of two poles resting on tar barrels with the half-completed structure of a modem control post in between. In six months or so, everything would be complete as far as I could see. In the meantime, the officials I needed to stamp my passport and check
40、my luggage could only be in the bedraggled tent I noticed perched on a slope over to my left. I took off my shoes and socks, climbed out of my car and dashed over to the tent. In the tent was an impeccably dressed immigration official sitting on a chair with his feet tucked under him while a river o
41、f water flowed in under one wall of the tent and out under another. These were hardly ideal working conditions. Yet nobody would have thought that, as he saw me, he could grin cheerfully and extend a very courteous welcome.（分数：5.00）(1).To the writer, the greatest hazard on the journey was the possib
42、ility of _.（分数：1.00）A.his car breaking downB.hitting large animalsC.skidding off the roadD.having to drive through black cotton soil(2).The writer was happy when he reached Moshi because _.（分数：1.00）A.he had had no trouble so farB.dawn was breaking and it would be easier to drive in daylightC.he was
43、hungry and could have breakfast in MoshiD.the roads leading to the border were all flat(3).Near the border the writer could not see the hills because _.（分数：1.00）A.there were not any hills thereB.the clouds had covered themC.it was getting darker and darkerD.the rain was streaming down the windscreen
44、 of his car(4).According to the text, the check-point _.（分数：1.00）A.was incompleteB.was a modem control postC.was made of tar barrelsD.was in ideal working conditions(5).It can be inferred that the writer might be _ when the immigration official grinned cheerfully to him.（分数：1.00）A.puzzledB.surprised
45、C.indifferentD.happyBPassage 3/BAs the new economy has cooled, there has Been a steady drumbeat of layoff announcements. More than 36,000 dotcom employees were cut in the second half of last year, including some 10,000 last month. But th6 firings went well beyond dotcomland. There were more than 480
46、,000 layoffs through November. General Motors is laying off 15,000 workers with the closing of Oldsmobile. Whirlpool is trimming 6,300 workers; Aetna is letting go 5,000.The remarkable thing is that US unemployment has so far stayed strikingly low. While the NASDAQ plunged and growth trailed off las
47、t year, the unemployment rate fluctuated between 3.9% and 4.1%. That pales compared with the unemployment rates during Old Economy dark years like 1992 (7.5%) and 1982 (9.7%).And it gives the lie to an Old Economy article of faith-that there was a “natural rate of unemployment below which the econom
48、y could not operate without spurring inflation“. The supposed natural rate: just under 6%.How to account for the strong jobs picture? In part its because of the tight labor market of the New Economy. Employers fought hard during the expansion to recruit and retain skilled workers. They are not looking to slash their payrolls unless they think a major recession is coming-because
