1、公共英语四级(笔试)-62 及答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Information about PollutionScientists have become increasingly concerned about pollution and its effects on 1 Man“s pollution of the atmosphere is not as great as 2 How many billion tons of chemicals are
2、 spewed into space each year? 3 How many million tons does man contribute? 4 Man must breathe, eat and drink his own 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Where does the energy which the sun radiates go? 1 Only a minute part of the sun“s energy falls 2 How do people use the sun“s energy at presen
3、t? 3 What is our only final source of power? 4 All forms of energy come from 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）(1).What color is the sky?（分数：1.00）A.It is blue.B.It is white.C.It is grey.D.It has no color.(2).When an airplane flies too high, _.（分数：1.00）A.the air will be too thin to s
4、upport its wingB.the air will become thickerC.the air will exert pressure on itD.the air will disappear in no time(3).Rocket can fly to the moon because _.（分数：1.00）A.it looks like a balloonB.it is lighter than an airplaneC.it doesn“t have wingsD.it works like an untied balloon(4).What is a rocket ma
5、de of?（分数：1.00）A.It is made of rubber.B.It is made of metal.C.It is made of air.D.It is made of balloon.(5).A rocked is pushed up into the air when _.（分数：1.00）A.hot gas rushes out its headB.it is powered by gasC.hot gas rushes out of its bottomD.hot gas rushes out of its neck（分数：5.00）(1).What type o
6、f balloon is the speaker referring to?（分数：1.00）A.Children“s play balloons.B.Weather balloons.C.Balloon used for safety patrols.D.Balloon used for recreation.(2).Gas balloons are considered dangerous because _.（分数：1.00）A.they are impossible to guideB.they may go up in flamesC.they tend to leak gasD.t
7、hey are cheaply made(3).At what time of the day do most balloon flights take place?（分数：1.00）A.Only in the morning.B.During the early afternoon.C.In the early morning or the late afternoon.D.In the early afternoon or late at night.(4).According to the speaker, what must balloon pilots be careful to d
8、o?（分数：1.00）A.Watch for changes in weather.B.Watch their attitude.C.Check for weak spots in the balloons.D.Test the strength of the ropes.(5).What would be ideal weather for flying a balloon?（分数：1.00）A.A hot day with no wind.B.A cold, very windy day.C.A clear day with a little wind.D.A warm, rainy da
9、y.五、Section Reading(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Part A(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Does walking on the moon make life better? 1 all the problems of our own world, why should we spend huge sums on trips to outer space? Such questions as these are 2 asked, especially by those 3 tax money is paying for space exploration. The a
10、nswers 4 these questions are many and various. Up to now, the practical benefits resulting from space research have 5 the development of new methods and skills, new processes, new services, new products, and even new companies created to make use of 6 has been learned through space travel. 7 among t
11、he benefits are better education (especially in scientific subject), more effective management, higher quality of industrial products, and rapid economic growth. People all over the world are now served 8 improved weather prediction, better communication systems, and better understanding of the eart
12、h and its environment. Everyone will benefit 9 observations from space make it possible to measure the earth“s resources and to observe 10 or not they are being used properly. Increasingly the space program will help our world deal with the problems of the environment. It has already 11 a new apprec
13、iation of the complex system of which man is only a part. In addition to improving the quality of the existing products, the space program has been responsible for the development and improvement of new ones. The most important is the computer. To bring the endangered Apollo 13 astronauts home safel
14、y in 1970, a new flight plan had to be made taking account of an unbelievably complex combination of elements. The computer accomplished this task 12 seventy-two minutes, 13 a man or a woman working with pencil and paper would take more than a million years! 14 there had be no space program, it is 1
15、5 that computers would now be so widely used in industry and government.（分数：19.95）七、Part B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Learning How to Make RainThe idea of rainmaking is almost as old as man, but it was not until 1946 that man succeeded in making rain. In ancient times, rainmakers had claimed to bring rain by ma
16、ny methods: dancing, singing, killing various kinds of living creatures including humans) and blowing a stream of water into the air from a kind of pipe. During World War , Dr Irving Langmuir, a scientist, was hired by the General Electric Company to study how and why ice forms on the wings of airpl
17、anes. He and a young assistant named Schaefer went to a mountain in the State of Hampshire, where snowstorms are common and cold winds blow. While in New Hampshire, Langmuir and Schaefer were surprised to learn that often the temperature of the clouds surrounding them was far below the freezing poin
18、t, and yet ice did not form in the clouds. After the war, Schaefer experimented with a machine that created cold, moist air similar to the air found in clouds. To imitate the moist air of a cloud, Schaefer would breathe into the machines. Then he would drop into the freezer a bit of powder, sugar or
19、 some other substances. For weeks and months he tried everything he could imagine. Nothing happened. No crystals of ice were formed. None of the substances would serve as the center of snow crystals or raindrops. One July morning, Schaefer was dropping in bits of various substances and watching the
20、unsuccessful results. Finally, a friend suggested that they go to eat lunch, and Schaefer gladly went with him. As usual, he left the cover of the freezer up, since cold air sinks and would not escape from the box. Returning from lunch, Schaefer was beginning to perform his experiments again when he
21、 happened to look at the temperature of the freezer. It had risen to the point higher than that required for ice crystals to remain solid. The warm summer weather had arrived without his noticing it. He would have to be more careful in the future. There were two choices now. He could close the cover
22、 and wait for the freezer to lower the air temperature, or he could make the process occur faster by adding dry ice, a gas in solid form that is very cold. He chose the latter plan. He decided to try a container of dry ice. As he dropped the steaming while dry ice into the freezer, he happened to br
23、eathe out a large amount of air. And there, before his eyes, it happened! In the ray of light shining into the freezer, he saw tiny pieces of something in his breath. He knew immediately that they were ice crystals. Then he realized what had happened! He had made ice crystals, not by adding centers
24、to the moisture but by cooling the breath so much that the liquid had to form crystals. Schaefer called to his helpers to come and watch. Then he began to blow his breath into the freezer and drop large pieces of dry ice through it to create crystals which became a tiny snowstorm falling slowly to t
25、he floor of his laboratory. If he could make snow in a freezer, he thought, why couldn“t he do so in a real cloud? He decided to try it in an airplane with a machine to blow dry ice out into the clouds. On a cold day in November, Schaefer and Langmuir saw clouds in the sky, and Schaefer climbed into
26、 the airplane. He realized that he would have to fly some distance before finding the right kind of clouda big gray one that must be filled with moisture. Seeing one, Schaefer told the pilot to fly above the cloud. At the proper time, he started the machine, and dry ice began to fall from the air pl
27、ane into the cloud below. When half the load of dry ice was gone, the motor stopped because it had become too cold. Schaefer had to think quickly. He merely threw the remaining dry ice out of the window of the plane and into the cloud below. On the ground, Dr Langmuir watched excitedly and saw snow
28、falling from the bottom of the cloud. When Schaefer returned to the ground, blue with cold, Langmuir ran to him, shouting, “You have made a history!“ And indeed he had. Almost as soon as the news of his accomplishment was sent across the United States and around the world, other rainmakers were thro
29、wing dry ice into clouds, or “seeding the clouds“ as it was called. When Schaefer discovered that ice crystals could be formed, he stopped searching for such materials. But another young worker at General Electric, Bernard Vonnegut, had become interested in the problem. Vonnegut began looking throug
30、h a chemistry book for some chemical compound that might have the right size and shape to form crystals around it. He found what he was looking for. It was a compound called silver iodide. He got some silver iodide and developed a way of burning it to produce tiny particles that would separate in th
31、e air and form snowhe hoped. Finally he shot the material up into the air and waited for the storm. Nothing happened. He couldn“t understand why. The compound ought to form centers for crystals. He asked a scientist to examine the chemicals he had used. Here was the trouble. The silver iodide he had
32、 used was not pure. He got more of the material, performed his experiment again, and there was the snow crystals! Today, scientific rainmakers generally use silver iodide, which can be sent into the air from the ground by means of a simple, inexpensive machine. This process is more satisfactory than
33、 the use of dry ice which can be destructive. Rainmaking has finally been accepted as a fact by formerly doubtful scientists everywhere.（分数：15.00）(1).The notion of rainmaking came to man _.（分数：3.00）A.in 1946B.in his earliest daysC.after 1946D.after he could read(2).Schaefer should have shut the free
34、zer when he left for lunch because _.（分数：3.00）A.it was a ruleB.cold air is heavier than hot airC.ice is solidD.summer had arrived and the weather was warm(3).Schaefer discovered that _.（分数：3.00）A.dry ice serves well as centers for raindropsB.dry ice is a cheap material to make rainC.rain can be crea
35、ted without adding centers to the moistureD.rain can not be made without adding centers to the moisture(4).After his accomplishment, Schaefer _.（分数：3.00）A.retired from workB.lost his interest in rainmakingC.handed over the work to his studentD.performed his experiment again and again(5).The failure
36、of Vonngeut“s first experiment was due to _.（分数：3.00）A.the impurity of the silver iodide he usedB.inadequate amount of the silver iodide he usedC.the substance he chose for the experimentD.his limited ability八、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：45.00)1.Read the following text(s) and write an essay to1) summar
37、ize the main points of the text(s),2) make clear your own viewpoints, and3) justify your stand.In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the text(s). If you use more than three consecutive words from the text(s), use quotation marks(“ “).You should write 160-200 words. Scientists k
38、now where earthquakes are likely to take place. But it is difficult for them to predict how strong an earthquake will be. Now, American researchers have found that it may be possible to predict the strength of future quakes. The Earth“s crustthe outermost surfaceis made up of large tectonic plates.
39、As many as 20 tectonic plates cover the Earth. They move slowly, sometimes sliding under one another. Where that happens, earthquakes can take place. Timothy H. Dixon is with the University of South Florida. He is a geologista scientist who studies rocks and soil to understand the Earth. He and othe
40、r scientists are using global positioning system, or GPS, equipment to measure what he calls “slow-slip“ events. By that, he means slow-moving earthquakes that cannot be measured by other instruments. Timothy Dixon saysthat while such movements may not be felt, they can lead to large, sometimes dead
41、ly earthquakes. The more of the fault that ruptures, or breaks, he says, the more powerful the earthquake is. The scientists set up a number of GPS receivers 15 years ago in Costa Rica to measure the “slow-slip“ events, which take place only every year or two. The last one was three months before an
42、 earthquake in 2012. People always want to know when an earthquake is going to happen. This technology cannot predict that. But Timothy Dixon says knowing how strong the quake might be gives officials time to improve building codes and make other preparations. “You know the earthquake is more-or-les
43、s inevitable. Even if you don“t know exactly when it“s going to happen, since you know it“s going to happen, and you know how big it“s going to be, you can prepare accordingly.“ A scientific paper presenting his findings was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. （分数：45.00
44、）_公共英语四级(笔试)-62 答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Information about PollutionScientists have become increasingly concerned about pollution and its effects on 1 Man“s pollution of the atmosphere is not as great as 2 How many billion tons of chemicals ar
45、e spewed into space each year? 3 How many million tons does man contribute? 4 Man must breathe, eat and drink his own 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：weather.）解析： weather. 听力原文 Recently, scientists have become increasingly concerned about pollution and its effects on weather. Actually, man“s pollution of t
46、he atmosphere is not nearly as great as nature“s. In fact, man is the lesser offender compared to nature itself. Active volcanoes, evaporation of impure water, and wind erosion of the landscape spew 8.5 billion tons of chemicals into space each year. Man“s contribution consists of a mere half millio
47、n tons. What man contributes is unable to escape very far into the atmosphere, so he must breathe, eat and drink his own pollutant. Further research by environmental scientists is required to determine if gradual weather changes are related to atmosphere pollution. 解析： nature“s. 解析： 8.5. 解析： Half. 解
48、析： pollutant. 三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Where does the energy which the sun radiates go? 1 Only a minute part of the sun“s energy falls 2 How do people use the sun“s energy at present? 3 What is our only final source of power? 4 All forms of energy come from 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：In every direction.
49、）解析： In every direction. 听力原文 The energy which the sun radiates goes in every direction. However, only a minute part of it falls on the earth. Even so, it represents the power of about five million horsepower per square mile per day. The sun gives as much energy every minute as mankind uses in a year. At present, we use this energy indirectly, and it is our only final source o
