1、公共英语四级(笔试)-59 及答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Information about Global WarmingGlobal warming is 1 One of the implications of global warming is an increase in 2 Every major glacier in the Northern Hemisphere is 3 A lot of real estate lying only a foo
2、t or less above sea level will be 4 Global warming is due to fossil fuels and other gas 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Though geologists have learned a great they still have not discovered the causes of 1 Many scientists now believe that much of the heat inside the earth is produced by 2 W
3、hatever the cause of the heat may be, we do know that the earth gets hotter the further down 3 The melted rock often contains steam and other gases 4 Volcanic ash, cinders, and lava build up the cone-shaped mountains that we call 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）(1).What can we see
4、 when we photograph the sun?（分数：1.00）A.A huge glowing ball of gas.B.X-rays and ultra-violet light.C.Lots of dark spots on the surface of the sun.D.Atomic particles.(2).What is the photosphere?（分数：1.00）A.Area in the sun where atoms break down and build up.B.Area of the sun which sends out radio waves
5、.C.Part of the sun we usually see.D.Layer of gas which forms the corona.(3).Why does the photosphere shine so brightly and send out x-rays and ultra-violet light?（分数：1.00）A.Because atoms are being broken down and built up in the central parts of the sun.B.Because the photosphere send out light.C.Bec
6、ause dark spots are much darker than the photosphere.D.None of the above.(4).What causes great intensity of radio signals?（分数：1.00）A.The x-rays and atomic particles.B.The thermal activity in core.C.The ultra-violet rays.D.Other gases on the surface of the sun.(5).What do the changes in radio signals
7、 correlate with?（分数：1.00）A.The sun“s atmosphere.B.Changes in the number of sunspots.C.The sun“s photosphere.D.The calcium areas of the sun“s spectrum.（分数：5.00）(1).What is this dialogue about?（分数：1.00）A.Teachers should set good examples.B.Environmental pollution and protection in China.C.People“s eff
8、ort in protecting environment.D.Government“s role in environmental protection.(2).How long has Nick been working in China?（分数：1.00）A.About five months.B.Less than five years.C.About five years.D.More than five years.(3).According to Nick, what should the government do to prevent pollution?（分数：1.00）A
9、.To make laws to prevent pollution.B.To set good examples to prevent air pollution.C.To punish those who pollute the air.D.To move offices to the countryside.(4).According to Nick, what should ordinary citizens do to protect environment?（分数：1.00）A.To make laws for the government.B.To pick up rubbish
10、 in public places.C.To catch those who litter in public places.D.To avoid dropping litter in public places.(5).What happened when Nick was travelling together with some university teachers?（分数：1.00）A.They saw serious air pollution.B.The university teachers threw bottles out of the car windows.C.The
11、university teachers set good examples for young students in environmental protection.D.They helped clean the countryside.五、Section Reading(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Part A(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A desert is a beautiful land of silence and space. The sun shines, the wind blows, and time and space 1 endless. Nothing is
12、 soft. The sand and rocks are 2 , and many of the plants even have hard needles instead of leaves. The size and location of the world“s deserts are always 3 . Over millions of years, as climates change and mountains rise, new dry and wet areas 4 But within the last 100 years, deserts have been 5 at
13、a frightening speed. This is partly because of natural changes, but the greatest desert makers are humans In the nineteenth century some of the people living in the English colonies in Australia 6 some rabbits from England. Today there are millions of rabbits 7 eat every plant in sight. The great de
14、sert that covers the center of Australia is growing. The land in the southwestern United States is rich. Large farms grow crops that 8 a lot of water, but there is only a little rainfall. The level of the underground water table is 9 every year. In developing countries, 90 percent of the people 10 w
15、ood for cooking and heating. They cut down trees 11 firewood. But a tree cools the land under it and keeps the sun off smaller plants. 12 the leaves fall, they make the land richer. When the trees are gone, the smaller plants die, and there is nothing but sand. 13 people must have firewood, animals,
16、 and crops in order to live. Humans can make deserts, but humans can also 14 their growth. Algeria is planting a green wall of trees across the edge of the Sahara to stop the desert sand. Can people stop the growth of the worlds deserts and save the land that is so essential 15 life? No one has the
17、answer.（分数：19.95）七、Part B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Our Disappearing WildlifeAnimal life first appeared on the earth about 400 million years ago. Through the passing millennia, thousands of animal species have come and gone. Until recently, this process was gradual, the result of changes in climate, in habitat
18、, or in the genes of the animals themselves. But the tremendous expansion of modern civilization now threatens to upset this natural balance, putting unprecedented pressure on the survival of our wildlife. This imbalance can be traced to many causes. Most arise in the greed and poor planning of peop
19、le. With each increase in our population, the wilderness areas where the animals live get smaller. The use of pesticides to control injurious insects also harms wild birds and animals. Water pollution kills fish in our rivers and oceans. Hunters have almost exterminated many of the larger animals li
20、ke the big-horn sheep and the grizzly bear. As a result of this unrelenting pressure, our wildlife is disappearing at the rate of one species or subspecies per year. Of all the continents, the most drastic reduction in wildlife has occured in North America, where the transition from a rural to a hig
21、hly industrialized society has been most rapid. Among the victims are birds, mammals, and fish. We will never again see the passenger pigeon or the eastern elk. They have been wiped out. Of many other species, only a few representatives still survive in the wild. Animals that kill other animals for
22、food are called predators. The predators include the wolf, mountain lion, fox, bobcat and bear. Attack against these animals began with the arrival of the first European settlers, who wished to protect their livestock. Yet every animal, including the predator, has its place in nature“s grand design.
23、 Predators help maintain the health of their prey species by eliminating the diseased, young, old, and injured. Predators like the mountain lion and the wolf help to keep the deer herds healthy. Their kill also provides food for scavengers that feed on carrion. Occasional loss of livestock must be w
24、eighed against the good these animals do in maintaining the balance of nature. Overhunting an animal is an obvious form of extermination, but there are more subtle processes that often have the same fatal result. One of these is destruction of habitat. When farmers introduced sheep and cattle to Nor
25、th America, the domestic animals competed with the wild animals for the available grazing land. Animals like the buffalo and the pronghorn antelope, which once roamed the plains in countless numbers, were either killed or pushed off the grasslands. Pesticides have also taken their toll. In 1947, new
26、 chemical poison called DDT was introduced. It proved very effective in controlling insect pests like the potato beetle and the boll weevil. But pesticides, which decompose very slowly, accumulate in animals which feed on pest insects or their predators, and the accumulated poisons attack their nerv
27、ous systems. Pesticides also interfere with the formation of calcium in birds, which lay eggs with very thin shells or no shell at all. When wildlife fail to reproduce, it isn“t very long before they disappear. Why should we care about the extinction of these birds and animals? The answer is simple
28、enough. Every species that becomes extinct is gone forever. With each departure a small part of the diversity of nature that makes life so interesting is also gone. What has man got to look forward toendless cities and houses and roads that cross barren country devoid of birds and animals? Is that t
29、he world we want for ourselves and our children?（分数：15.00）(1).What is the most important reason of natural imbalance?（分数：3.00）A.The greed and poor planning of people.B.The increase of desert.C.The increase in numbers of hunters.D.The disease spreading among animals.(2).Why has the most drastic reduc
30、tion in wildlife occurred in North America?（分数：3.00）A.Because air pollution has been very serious there.B.Because animals there have been killed by lions.C.Because people there only want some animal representatives.D.Because of the very rapid transition from a rural to a highly industrialized societ
31、y there.(3).Which of the following about predators is NOT true?（分数：3.00）A.They are animals that kill other animals for food.B.Predators have no place in nature“s grand design.C.The wolf, mountain lion, fox and bear are all predators.D.They help maintain the health of their prey species.(4).Which of
32、the following is a form of wildlife“s extermination?（分数：3.00）A.Overhunting animals.B.Destruction of animal habitat.C.Excessive use of pesticides.D.All of the above.(5).Why should we care about the extinction of wildlife?（分数：3.00）A.We need more predators.B.We are required to by the government.C.Natur
33、al imbalance will threaten human“s life.D.None of the above.八、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：45.00)1.Read the following text(s) and write an essay to1) summarize the main points of the text(s),2) make clear your own viewpoints, and3) justify your stand.In your essay, make full use of the information provi
34、ded in the text(s). If you use more than three consecutive words from the text(s), use quotation marks(“ “).You should write 160-200 words. American beverage giant Coca-Cola is offering a hefty “environmental hardship allowance“ to its China-based expatriate employees, as foreign companies struggle
35、to attract and retain staff with many people scared off by chronic pollution. China“s hazardous air pollution, with just three out of 74 cities last year meeting minimum government standards, has become the key issue for foreign companies looking to post workers to cities such as Beijing or Shanghai
36、. Many companies offer better medical insurance benefits, more paid trips home and subsidies for air filters to the roughly half a million foreigners working in China. Australian architectural firm Hassell provides its staff in China with face masks to travel to and from work. It also changes its ai
37、r filters every week during periods of heavy pollution. “In Australia, you might do that every year,“ said Peter Duncan, Hassell“s managing director for Asia, who is based in Shanghai. Three decades of double-digit growth and lax regulation has taken its toll on China“s environment. According to env
38、ironment ministry statistics only three cities out of 74 met government standards for pollution last year. In Beijing, more than half of the days in May failed to meet government standards for air quality, while Shanghai fared slightly better with 58 per cent of days in the commercial capital-consid
39、ered satisfactory. The World Health Organisation said earlier this year that air pollution was responsible for the deaths of 3.7 million people under the age of 60 across the globe in 2012. Peter Arkell, managing director Asia for recruitment firm Swann Global, said the Coca-Cola allowance showed th
40、e company was having trouble retaining and attracting staff to China. “I hear more and more stories about executives not extending their contracts because they don“t think China is a good place to bring up a family,“ he said. “It (the environmental payment) is a way of addressing the air pollution i
41、ssue but it does look like a pretty generous payment to me.“ （分数：45.00）_公共英语四级(笔试)-59 答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Information about Global WarmingGlobal warming is 1 One of the implications of global warming is an increase in 2 Every major glacie
42、r in the Northern Hemisphere is 3 A lot of real estate lying only a foot or less above sea level will be 4 Global warming is due to fossil fuels and other gas 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：real.）解析： real. 听力原文 Global warming is real. The five warmest years since good records began to be kept have all bee
43、n in this decade. If you ever live through an average Chicago winter, a little bit of global warming doesn“t sound bad. But one of the implications of global warming is an increase in storms. Studies have reported a 20% increase in severe storms in recent years. Another consequence of global warming
44、 is a steady melting of glaciers around the world, and that“s well documented. Big chunks of the Atlantic ice cap are breaking off and floating away; every major glacier in the Northern Hemisphere is retreating; the icy summits of the Andes in south America are disappearing, an unpleasant circumstan
45、ce for the farmers who rely on melt water to grow their crops. It has been suggested that all this melting ice will raise sea levels. So it will, but there“s a more immediate problem. There is an awful lot of real estate now used by human beings that lies only a foot or less above sea level; a good
46、bit of that will be flooded. Global warming is an increase in the earth“s temperature due to fossil fuels, industry and agricultural processes caused by human, natural, and other gas emissions. There are many misconceptions about global warming. Some believe that pollution causes global warming, but
47、 the fact is that global warming is the result of burning fossil fuels, coal, and oil that release carbon dioxide. Another misconception is nuclear power causes climate change. Nuclear power actually reduces emissions of carbon dioxide when used in place of coal. This name is also misleading because
48、 global warming doesn“t mean that it will become warmer all over, and it will actually become cold in some places. 解析： storms. 解析： retreating. 解析： flooded. 解析： emissions. 三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Though geologists have learned a great they still have not discovered the causes of 1 Many scientists now
49、believe that much of the heat inside the earth is produced by 2 Whatever the cause of the heat may be, we do know that the earth gets hotter the further down 3 The melted rock often contains steam and other gases 4 Volcanic ash, cinders, and lava build up the cone-shaped mountains that we call 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：volcanic action.）解析： volcanic action. 听力原文 Geologists have been studying volcanoes for a long time. Though the
