1、公共英语四级(笔试)-51 及答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Information about BankingWhat is the money to be invested called? 1 Capital is necessary both for new enterprises and for those that already 2 Who often makes direct investments in business? 3 There are
2、three types of domestic banks. Which one is more important to us ordinary people? 4 When we purchase a house, what money do banks provide for us? 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)As a means of exchanging goods and services, money is 1 Money is also considered as a means of storing up 2 One o
3、f the good points of money is that it takes up 3 What used to be in the form of gold and silver coins? 4 One of the bad points of modern money is that its buying power 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is true?（分数：1.00）A.The amount of tax is a fixed amount
4、 of money.B.The amount of tax varies according to people“s salaries.C.The percentage for the federal tax is the lowest among the three.D.All the states use income tax to raise their revenues.(2).How much does an American have to pay to the federal government if he earns $50,000 a year?（分数：1.00）A.$75
5、,000.B.$17,850.C.$14,000.D.$2,800.(3).What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.There are 50 states in the United States.B.There are 48 states in the United States.C.There are 52 states in the United States.D.There are 46 states in the United States.(4).What tax does an American have to pay i
6、f he owns a car?（分数：1.00）A.Sales tax.B.Income tax.C.Exercise tax.D.Property tax.(5).How do Americans feel about their taxes?（分数：1.00）A.They are very satisfied with their taxes.B.They are angry at their taxes.C.They are proud of their taxes.D.They are unhappy about their taxes.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of t
7、he following can best describe workers“ traditional role in the companies?（分数：1.00）A.It was quite limited.B.It was significant.C.It was paid no attention to.D.It was neglected even though it was big.(2).What might happen if workers are not informed of policy decisions such as plant closing?（分数：1.00）
8、A.Many workers might commit suicide.B.Many workers might not be able to provide suggestions.C.Many workers might be out of work.D.Workers might take the management to the court.(3).How many days“ notice should workers be informed of plant closing?（分数：1.00）A.19.B.9.C.90.D.80.(4).Which of the followin
9、g is NOT mentioned?（分数：1.00）A.Workers may suggest ways of improving productivity.B.Workers may suggest ways of reducing cost.C.Workers may be ready to make concessions.D.Workers may buy the plant.(5).How does the author think of workers“ role in management?（分数：1.00）A.Their role should be reduced to
10、the least.B.They should have a stronger role in management.C.Management has nothing to do with workers.D.None of the above.五、Section Reading(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Part A(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The central problem of economics is to 1 people“s and nations“ wants. The problem we are faced 2 is that our resources, h
11、ere identified as money are limited. The only way we can solve the problem is to make choices. 3 looking at our resources, we must examine our list of wants and 4 the things we need immediately, those we can postpone, and those we cannot afford. As individuals, we face the central problem involved 5
12、 economicsdeciding how to allocate our limited resources to 6 ourselves with the greatest satisfaction of our wants. Nations 7 the same problem. As a country“s population grows, the need 8 more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary for production may increase, 9 there never a
13、re enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation. 10 the budget meeting is taking place in the family living room, in the conference room of the corporation board of directors, or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington, the basic problem always exists. We need to fi
14、nd ways of 11 limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants. A short time ago economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic. The former, 12 air and water, were in such abundance 13 economists had no concern for them. After all, economics is the study of scarcity and what to
15、 do about it. Today many of these “free goods“ are particularly 14 expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and water more expensive for producers who have to filter their waste products, for consumers who ultimately pay for the producers“ extra costs, and for taxpayers who pay for the governm
16、ent“s involvement in cleaning the environment. In the 1990s, almost all goods are scarce. Only by effort and money can they be 15 in the form people wish.（分数：19.95）七、Part B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)MoneyAristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities of money some 2,000 years ago. It must
17、 be lasting and easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about. In other words, it must be “durable, distinct, divisible and portable“. When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, flat pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are still parts of the
18、 world today where coins and notes are of no use. They will buy nothing, and a traveller might starve if he had none of the particular local “money“ to exchange for food. Among isolated peoples, who are not often reached by traders from outside, commerce usually means barter. There is a direct excha
19、nge of goods. Perhaps it is fish for vegetables, meat for grain, or various kinds of food in exchange for pots, baskets, or other manufactured goods. For this kind of simple trading, money is not needed, but there is often something that everyone wants and everybody can use, such as salt to flavor f
20、ood, shells for ornaments, or iron and copper to make into tools and vessels. These thingssalt, shells or metalsare still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today. Salt may seem rather a strange substance to use as money, but in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegeta
21、bles, it is often an absolute necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt can still buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa. Cowrie sea shells have been used as money at some time or another over the greater part of the Old
22、 World. These were collected mainly from the beaches of the Maldive Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, cowries were traded right across the continent from East to West. Four or five thousand went for one Maria Theresa dollar, an Austrian silver coin which was
23、 once accepted as currency in many parts of Africa. Metal, valued by weight, preceded coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings is still used in many countries instead of money. It can either be exchanged for goods, or made into tools, weapons or ornaments. The early money of C
24、hina, apart from shells, was of bronze, often in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called “cash“. The earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousand years oldolder than the earliest coins of the Eastern Mediterranean. Nowadays, coins and notes have supplanted nearly all t
25、he more picturesque forms of money, and although in one or two of the more remote countries people still hoard it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals, examples of primitive money will soon be found only in museums.（分数：15.00）(1).What is money like in our mind?（分数：3.00
26、）A.It is made of either metal or paper.B.It is printed notepaper.C.It is useful for starving traveller.D.It is pieces of metal.(2).Why might a traveller starve in some parts of the world?（分数：3.00）A.Because he had no coins or notes.B.Because his money was not of the local kind.C.Because he did not kn
27、ow the local rate of exchange.D.Because he had no friends there.(3).Where is salt still used as money?（分数：3.00）A.Only in Tibet.B.Only in Africa.C.In the Maldive Islands.D.In several countries.(4).Which of the following is NOT the early money of China?（分数：3.00）A.Shell.B.Bronze.C.Paper.D.Salt.(5).When
28、 or where are primitive types of money still used?（分数：3.00）A.To replace more picturesque forms.B.At country markets.C.At weddings and funerals.D.In museums, as entrance fees.八、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：45.00)1.Read the following text(s) and write an essay to1) summarize the main points of the text(s)
29、,2) make clear your own viewpoints, and3) justify your stand.In your essay, make full use of the information provided in the text(s). If you use more than three consecutive words from the text(s), use quotation marks(“ “).You should write 160-200 words. Marketers have used celebrities from time to t
30、ime to endorse their products. A well-known celebrity can at the very least draw the consumers“ attention to a particular product or brand, as when comedian Jerry Seinfeld appears in American Express ads. Or the celebrity“ mystique can transfer over to the brandsupermodel Cindy Crawford in an ad for
31、 Revlon“s Beautifying Shampoo. Or the celebrity“s expertise and authority transfers to the brandMichael Jordan endorsing Nike“s Air Jordan basketball shoes. The choice of celebrity is critical. The celebrity should have a high positive affect and high appropriateness to the product. Sylvester Stallo
32、ne has high recognition and has high a positive affect but he might not be appropriate for advertising a World Peace Conference. Athletes are a particularly effective endorsing group, especially for athletic products, beverages, and apparel. Many famous athletes are well-known endorsers for a great
33、variety of products or commodities. One of advertisers“ main worries is that their celebrity endorsers will get mixed up in a notorious scandal or in an embarrassing situation. There was the case of Michael JacksonPepsi dropped dramatically in the wake of his child-molestation charges. When actor Ja
34、mes Garner encountered well-publicized heart problems, his illness did not reflect well on the beef industry, which he had been promoting. Perhaps due to the frequency of celebrity scandals, insurers are now offering to protect advertisers against such risks. One insurance company has begun offering
35、 advertisers “death, disablement and disgrace“ insurance to cover the failings and foibles of their celebrity endorsers. Alternatively, advertisers can choose not to use real, live fallible humans to endorse their products, but opt for “spokes characters“ instead. For example, Owens-Coring Company h
36、as used the Pink Panther for nearly 15 years to endorse its pink-colored insulation products. Images projected by cartoon characters and beloved animals don“t deviate from one moment to the next, and companies have more control over them. （分数：45.00）_公共英语四级(笔试)-51 答案解析(总分：99.95，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section L
37、istening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Information about BankingWhat is the money to be invested called? 1 Capital is necessary both for new enterprises and for those that already 2 Who often makes direct investments in business? 3 There are three types of domestic banks. Which one is more im
38、portant to us ordinary people? 4 When we purchase a house, what money do banks provide for us? 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Capital.）解析： Capital. 听力原文 Banking plays a vital part in the economic system. As we have observed, money to investcapitalis necessary for business, both to start new enterprises an
39、d to serve those that are already in existence. Banks provide the business community and private individuals with the facilities to save money that can be made available for investment. In addition, banks themselves often make direct investments in business. Like any other business, a bank has to ma
40、ke a profit. Banks attract customers by offering interest on the money that is placed in their care. One way that the banks themselves make money is by lending their funds at a higher rate of interest than they pay. Another way is by investing in stocks and other securities. Banks are also partners
41、in many business enterprises. Bankers are also included on most corporate boards of directors. There are three types of domestic banks, the investment bank, the savings bank, and the commercial bank. The second kind, the savings bank, is the type that is somewhat more important to us, ordinary peopl
42、e, than the other two. They attract us who have small amounts of money to save. They pay a slightly higher rate of interest on regular deposits than other banks. And when we purchase a house, they provide the mortgage money, a kind of loan. Actually, savings banks make loans almost entirely in this
43、fieldreal estate. 解析： exist. 解析： Banks. 解析： Second. 解析： Mortgage. 三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)As a means of exchanging goods and services, money is 1 Money is also considered as a means of storing up 2 One of the good points of money is that it takes up 3 What used to be in the form of gold and silver co
44、ins? 4 One of the bad points of modern money is that its buying power 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：of great use.）解析： of great use. 听力原文 Money is of very great use as a means for exchanging goods and services. If, for example, I am a shoemaker, it will not be at all convenient to me always to have to exc
45、hange the shoes I make for other goods or services. A doctor may want to buy a pair of shoes from me, for example; but I may not need medical care, so he will then have to find something else that I want, or look for another shoemaker who needs him. Without money, the tax-collector would come back t
46、o his office with an extraordinary collection of objects. Considered as a means of storing up buying power, money has good and bad points. It can more easily be kept a long time than such things as food, which rots, or buildings, which slowly fall to pieces, or machines, which rust. It takes up very
47、 little space, and if you put it in a bank, it is as safe as anything in this world can be. But modern money has some very serious disadvantages as a means of storing up buying power. In the old days, when money was in the form of gold and silver coins, the metal in each was really worth the amount
48、stamped on the coin. But the paper in modern paper money and even the metal in most modern coins are worth very much less than in the amount written on them. As a result, the buying power of modern money can change very greatly in a short time. It has happened more than once this century that the bu
49、ying power of a country“s money has fallen to almost nothing in a few weeks, ruining many thousands of people with savings. 解析： buying power. 解析： very little space. 解析： Money. 解析： changes very quickly. 四、Part C(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following is true?（分数：1.00）A.The amount of tax is a fixed amount of money.B.The amount of tax varies according to people“s salaries. C.The percentage for the federal ta
