1、公共英语四级(笔试)-50 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Information about the Division of LaborThe division of labor means that the workers are 1 How many parts does a worker perform in the whole operation 2 What does the conveyor belt move to them? 3 How ma
2、ny cars may factories with assembly line produce on average a year per worker? 4 Workers get little job satisfaction because day after day they have to work on one small 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A private company is much better than a public one for 1 The first difference between a p
3、rivate company and a public one is the system of 2 In a private company, one“s salary can be as big as one“s 3 The second difference between the two is the possibility of 4 In a private company, training programs bring good professionals 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）(1).What fo
4、rces is a market made up of?（分数：1.00）A.Manufacturers.B.Supply and demand.C.Customers.D.Goods and services.(2).What does price result from?（分数：1.00）A.Production of goods.B.Consumption of goods.C.Demand of goods and service.D.The interaction of supply and demand.(3).What determines the use of resource
5、s and distribution of products?（分数：1.00）A.Price.B.Demand.C.Society.D.Consumption.(4).Which of the following is true according to what you“ve heard?（分数：1.00）A.To make exchanges easier, prices should be fixed.B.To make exchanges easier, a common money unit is used.C.To make exchanges easier, the quali
6、ty of goods must be good.D.To make exchanges easier, a certain place must be provided.(5).What can we conclude from the passage we have heard?（分数：1.00）A.Technology plays the main role in the market economy.B.Hard work plays the main role in the market economy.C.Price plays the main role in the marke
7、t economy.D.The quality of goods plays the main role in the market economy.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the percentage of the turnover increase?（分数：1.00）A.16%.B.20%.C.14%.D.40%.(2).In which market is the result very disappointing?（分数：1.00）A.The American market.B.The domestic market.C.The European market.D.T
8、he market of the universities.(3).How many staff are there in the company now?（分数：1.00）A.72.B.20.C.27.D.52.（分数：2.00）(1).What was Ms. Osteen“s company always interested in?（分数：1.00）A.Saving time.B.Good service.C.Quick delivery.D.Saving money.(2).What did the man emphasize in his talk?（分数：1.00）A.Quick
9、 delivery.B.Low price.C.Good service.D.High price.五、Section Reading(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Part A(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Auction SalesAuctions are public sales of goods, conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He asks the crowd assembled in the auction-room to make offers, or “bids“, for the various items
10、on sale. He encourages buyers to bid higher figures, and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods. This is called “knocking down“ the goods, for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands. This is often set on a raised platform called a
11、rostrum. The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction, and the English word comes from the Latin auction , meaning “increase“. The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called sub hasta , meaning “under the spear“, a spear being stuck in the ground as a s
12、ignal for a crowd to gather. In England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold “by the candle“: a short candle was lit by the auctioneer, and bids could be made while it stayed alight. Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction. Among these are coffee, h
13、ide, skins, wool, tea, cocoa, furs, spices, fruit, vegetables and wines. Auction sales are also used for land and property, antique furniture, pictures, rare books, old china and similar works of art. The auction-rooms at Christie“s and Sotheby“s in London and New York are world-famous. An auction i
14、s usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers. If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed, and each group of goods to be sold together, called a “lot“, is usually given a number.
15、 The auctioneer need not begin with lot 1 and continue in numerical order; he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in. The auctioneer“s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the g
16、oods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible. The auctioneer must know fairly accurately the current market values of the goods he is selling, and he should be acquainted with regular buyers of such goods. He will not waste time by s
17、tarting the bidding too low. He will also play on the rivalries among his buyers and succeed in getting a high price by encouraging two business competitors to bid against each other. It is largely on his advice that a seller will fix a “reserve“ price, that is, a price below which the goods cannot
18、be sold. Even the best auctioneers, however, find it difficult to stop a “knock-out“, whereby dealers illegally arrange beforehand not to bid against each other, but nominate one of themselves as the only bidder, in the hope of buying goods at extremely low prices. If such a “knock-out“ comes off, t
19、he real auction sale takes place privately afterwards among the dealers.（分数：20.00）(1).Which of the following is true as to the prices of auctioned goods?（分数：4.00）A.The auctioned goods are sold at the highest price offered.B.The auctioned goods are sold at fixed price.C.The auctioned goods are sold v
20、ery expensively.D.The auctioned goods are sold very cheaply.(2).Why is the end of the bidding called “knocking down“?（分数：4.00）A.Because the auctioneer knocks the rostrum down.B.Because the goods are knocked down on to the table.C.Because the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer.D.Because the auc
21、tioneer is knocked down by the dealers.(3).Why does the auctioneer like to get high prices for the goods he sells?（分数：4.00）A.Because the auctioneer is interested in the game.B.Because the dealers are pleased.C.Because the auctioneer can earn more himself.D.Because the auctioneer can make the auction
22、-rooms world-famous.(4).What is the purpose of using a candle at auction sales in England?（分数：4.00）A.To limit the time when offers could be made.B.To keep the auctioneer warm.C.To light the auction-room.D.To be used as a signal for the crowd to gather.(5).How can dealers bring down the prices of the
23、 goods auctioned?（分数：4.00）A.By knocking down the auctioneerB.By arranging “knock-out“.C.By helping the auctioneer.D.By increasing the auctioneer“s profit.七、Part B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)10 Things to Watch Out When Starting to InvestCalculate your worth: Make a note of all your assets, no matter how insignif
24、icant they seem. That way, you can work out what sort of investment suits you and over what time frame. Don“t spend more than you earn: If you live in debt, there is no point considering investing in stocks. 1 Paying hefty credit-card charges each month you will eat away any investment returns you m
25、ay earn. Know your risk levels: Think carefully about your future plans and where you would like to be in a few years“ time. 2 Consider the objective behind your decision to invest: are you aiming to retire in a decade, or are you saving for a deposit on a house? Your age and circumstances, as well
26、as economic conditions, will determine the fight investment for you. Have a nest egg: Keep at least three months“ wages available in cash before considering any other investment. That way, you will not lose out by having to liquidate a poorly-performing asset at an unfavourable time. Learn the basic
27、s: Find out about various asset classes and their characteristics. The market for property may appear favourable for first-time home buyers, but a house is an illiquid investment. Equities are relatively volatile, but can be liquidated quickly. Dollar-cost average: First-time investors have a lot to
28、 learn. 3 By contributing a small amount to a saving plan each month, you avoid having to decide when the time is right to buya skill even most mature investors fail to get right. Regular contributions take the emotion out of investing. Take advice: Avoid following the herd and buying into the lates
29、t fashionable initial public offering. News takes a long time to filter down to the guy in the street and chances are that any hot tip is past its sell-by date. 4 Spend some time with a financial adviser, read the papers or books on investing. That way, you can make educated decisions. Build a core
30、position: Create a core investment portfolio in something solid such as blue-chip stocks that will bring in steady gains over the years. Diversify: Once you have a core position, look around for satellite investment that may slice up your portfolio. 5 Do not only buy equities, consider bonds, proper
31、ty or collectibles to protect yourself against poor performance in one asset class. Hang in there: Stick to your plan, even if your investment seems to be floundering. New investments are often driven by emotion and react at the wrong times. Financial experts will tell you that timing the market is
32、almost impossible, but time in the market will eventually pay off.（分数：15.00）_八、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：45.00)1.Read the following text(s) and write an essay to1) summarize the main points of the text(s),2) make clear your own viewpoints, and3) justify your stand.In your essay, make full use of the
33、information provided in the text(s). If you use more than three consecutive words from the text(s), use quotation marks(“ “).You should write 160-200 words. Like many people, Bree Britt once dreamed of starting her own business. But unlike many people, the 16-year-old American did not wait until she
34、 grew up to become an entrepreneur. With a sense of purpose, a plan of action and the help of her mother, she opened Bree“s Sweet Treats in Accokeek, Maryland. For Bree Britt, nothing is more enjoyable, satisfying and calming than preparing food in the kitchen. Being a baker is like being an artistt
35、he food has to be cooked just right. She says baking enables her to be innovative and creative. Bree Britt started cooking with her great-grandmother when she was five-years old. A short time later, Bree perfected her great-grandmother“s step-by-step directions. She then started to create her own re
36、cipes. When she was 12, Bree told her mother she wanted to open a bakery. Charmaine Britt is Bree“s mother. She told Bree to sell her baked goods online first to see if her daughter was serious. The baked goods made enough money through Internet sales that Charmaine Britt became her daughter“s busin
37、ess partner. They signed a rental agreement for office space and opened Bree“s Sweet Treats. Charmaine is responsible for the store during the day until Bree gets out of school. Leo Harrington owns a nearby barbershop. He comes to the store almost every day. He likes the choice of baked goods. Leo H
38、arrington also says he respects what Bree has done. “I watch her diligence; school, then here, baking all the evening and getting ready for the next day.“ Going to school is not easy when operating a business. However, Bree says doing both taught her how to make good decisions about how she spends h
39、er time. “Her cupcakes are made, are flavored with fresh fruits or more of the extracts, more so than the sugar.“ Sugar or no sugar, Bree“s treats are sweet enough to keep them coming back for more. （分数：45.00）_公共英语四级(笔试)-50 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分
40、数：5.00)Information about the Division of LaborThe division of labor means that the workers are 1 How many parts does a worker perform in the whole operation 2 What does the conveyor belt move to them? 3 How many cars may factories with assembly line produce on average a year per worker? 4 Workers ge
41、t little job satisfaction because day after day they have to work on one small 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：specialized.）解析： specialized. 听力原文 In all economic systems today, most businesses of any size rely on one system of organization: the division of labor. This means that the workers are specialized
42、. Each worker has a particular duty to perform as one part of the whole operation. A good example of the division of labor is an assembly line in an automobile factory. One worker may install a door while another is installing the hood. The others add lights, windshield wipers, and so on. Normally,
43、workers stay in one place, and a conveyor belt moves the product to them. If one worker had the responsibility of producing an entire car, he or she might be able to complete one each year. By comparison, factories with assembly lines may produce an average of about thirty-five cars a year per worke
44、r. The division of labor permits mass production, but it does have some advantages. For one thing, few people know or understand all aspects of an operation. In addition, mass production may be more efficient, but many workers complain that they get little job satisfaction from working on one small
45、duty day after day. To them, there is much more satisfaction in doing a job from start to finish. 解析： One. 解析： Product. 解析： Thirty-five. 解析： Duty. 三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A private company is much better than a public one for 1 The first difference between a private company and a public one is the sy
46、stem of 2 In a private company, one“s salary can be as big as one“s 3 The second difference between the two is the possibility of 4 In a private company, training programs bring good professionals 5 （分数：5.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：a professional person.）解析： a professional person. 听力原文 I“m studying economics.
47、 Recently, I realized that, for a professional person, there are several differences that make working for a private company much better than working for a public one. The first difference is the system of salaries and rewards. In a public company, after being hired, one“s salary will be raised according to the number of years he or she has been in the company. In contrast, in a private company, the most important thing is what one can give in terms of returns to the company. According to this system, one“s salary can be as big as one“s capacity and diligence. Also, specifi
