1、高等院校英语入学分级测试三级分类模拟题 24及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part One Fast Readin(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long story, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move
2、economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantages. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integrati
3、on, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more sell-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abro
4、ad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity. Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across
5、borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing
6、 rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as we
7、ll, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America“s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U. K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research univer
8、sities received their graduate education abroad. Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating insti
9、tutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunityand providin
10、g the financial resources to make it possible. Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the
11、 genetics of human disease at Shanghai“s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and a
12、ttend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu“s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a word-class sci
13、entist and his U.S. team. As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设) and applications software of the
14、 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, govern
15、ments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university. For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the r
16、esearch-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation sinc
17、e then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on
18、 the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year. American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and for
19、eign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U. K. Ob
20、jections from Americans university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation“s well-being through the
21、ir scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States an
22、dlike immigrants throughout historystrengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign poli
23、cy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become -|_|-.（分数：1.00）A.more and more research-orientedB.in-service training organizationsC.more popularized than ever
24、 beforeD.a powerful force for global integration(2).Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased -|_|-.（分数：1.00）A.by 2.5 millionB.by 800,000C.at an annual rate of 3.9 percentD.at an annual rate of 8 percent(3).In the United States, how many of the newly hired profes
25、sors in science and engineering are foreign-born?（分数：1.00）A.10%.B.20%.C.30%.D.38%.(4).How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?（分数：1.00）A.They organize a series of seminars on world economy.B.They offer them various courses in international polities.C.They arrange for
26、them to participate in the Erasmus program.D.They give them chances for international study or internship.(5).An example illustrating the general trend of universities“ globalization is -|_|-.（分数：1.00）A.Yale“s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic researchB.Yale“s helping Chinese universiti
27、es to launch research projectsC.Yale“s student exchange program with European institutionsD.Yale“s establishing branch campuses throughout the world(6).What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.B.It is known to be the bir
28、thplace of Microsoft Company.C.It was intentionally created by Stanford University.D.It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.(7).What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?（分数：1.00）A.It has increased by 3 percent.B.It has been unsteady for years.C.It has been more than suf
29、ficient.D.It doubled between 1998 and 2003.(8).The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S after September 11 was caused by 1.（分数：1.00）(9).Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will 1.（分数：1.00）(10).The policy of welcomin
30、g foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and 1.（分数：1.00）二、Part Two Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Many American students 1 higher education to prepare for professional employment. In your academic training you will need to begin planning for the
31、 2 from college to career. A career is really a processit is how you progress through a 3 of jobs and occupations during your working years. A college education can help you get started on your career journey. In America society, the type of occupational fields you choose and jobs you hold 4 your en
32、tire lifestyle: yourself concept, income, prestige, choice of friends, and where you will live. This freedom to choose from thousands of employment choices can be 5 or troublingif you don“t know where and how to begin. Career planning is a comprehensive process that takes much time and 6 . Career pl
33、anning can greatly increase your 7 of obtaining employment in the occupation you choose. However, career planning includes much more than a job search. It begins with carefully considering what you want and need in life. Career planning can be divided into four 8 steps that include self-assessment,
34、occupational exploration and selection, career preparation, and job seeking. Although each student“s goal will be 9 , one suggested timetable to help you keep on course is to complete one step in each university year. Your 10 may be longer or shorter depending on your career goal. A. transmission B.
35、 consecutive C. enjoyable D. series E. perspective F. varies G. schedule H. different I. superficial J. effort K. prospects L. influence M. cultivate N. pursue O. transition（分数：20.00）四、Section B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)From childhood to old age, all of us have to use language as a means of broadening our kno
36、wledge of ourselves and the world around us. When humans first 1 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 2 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind“s future 3 and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is 4 for our ability to produce
37、 and use languages. They 5 that our highly evolved brain provides us 6 an innate language ability not found in lower 7 . Proponents (支持者) of this innateness theory say that our 8 tor language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 9 a function of the growth of the brain during child
38、hood. Therefore there are critical 10 times tot language development. Current 11 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 12 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 13 grades. Young ch
39、ildren often can learn several languages by being 14 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 15 of their first language have become firmly fixed. 16 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children
40、who have been 17 from other human beings do not possess languages. This demonstrates that 18 with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 19 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imi
41、tative, learned behavior. 20 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their children“s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.（分数：40.00）A.generatedB.evolvedC.bornD.originatedA.valuableB.app
42、ropriateC.convenientD.favoriteA.attainmentB.feasibilityC.entertainmentD.evolutionA.essentialB.availableC.reliableD.responsibleA.confirmB.informC.claimD.convinceA.forB.fromC.ofD.withA.organizationsB.organismsC.humansD.children(8).A. potential B. performance C. preference I). passion（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.A
43、.asB.justC.likeD.unlikeA.ideologicalB.biologicalC.socialD.psychologicalA.reviewsB.referenceC.reactionD.recommendationA.In a wordB.In a senseC.IndeedD.In other wordsA.variousB.differentC.higherD.the lowerA.revealedB.exposedC.engagedD.involvedA.regulationsB.formationsC.rulesD.constitutionsA.AlthoughB.
44、WhetherC.SinceD.WhenA.distinguishedB.differentC.protectedD.isolatedA.expositionB.comparisonC.contrastD.interactionA.acquisitionB.appreciationC.requirementD.alternativeA.As a resultB.After allC.In other wordsD.Above all五、Part Three Reading C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)A is for always
45、getting to work on time. B is for being extremely busy. C is for the conscientious(勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job. You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics. Dale Carn
46、egie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn“t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politicsa better job, a raise, praisemany people are stil
47、l unableor unwillingto “play the game.“ “People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) behavior,“ says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But polities derives from the word “polite“. It can mean lobbying and forming associations. It ca
48、n mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.“ In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one“s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the
49、office environmentnot just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well. “The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,“ says Neil P Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It“s simple human nature.“ Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, th
