1、高等院校英语入学分级测试三级分类模拟题 16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part One Fast Readin(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Teacher Grades: Pass or Be FiredEmily Strzelecki, a first-year science teacher here, was about as eager for a classroom visit by one of the city“s roving teacher evaluators as she would be to get a tooth drilled(
2、钻孔). “It really stressed me out because, oh my gosh, I could lose my job,“ Ms. Strzelecki said. Her fears were not unfounded: 165 Washington teachers were fired last year based on a pioneering evaluation system that places significant emphasis on classroom observations; next month, 200 to 600 of the
3、 city“s 4,200 educators are expected to get similar bad news, in the nation“s highest rate of dismissal for poor performance. The evaluation system, known as Impact, is disliked by many unionized teachers but has become a model for many educators. Spurred (激励) by President Obama and his $5 billion R
4、ace to the Top grant competition, some 20 states, including New York, and thousands of school districts are overhauling (改革) the way they grade teachers, and many have sent people to study Impact. Its admirers say the system, a centerpiece of the tempestuous (动乱的，狂暴的) three-year tenure of Washington
5、“s former schools chancellor, Michelle Rhee, has brought clear teaching standards to a district that lacked them and is setting a new standard by establishing dismissal as a consequence of ineffective teaching. But some educators say it is better at sorting and firing teachers than at helping strugg
6、ling ones; they note that the system does not consider socioeconomic factors in most cases and that last year 35 percent of the teachers in the city“s wealthiest area, Ward 3, were rated highly effective, compared with 5 percent in Ward 8, the poorest. “Teachers have to be parents, priests, lawyers,
7、 clothes washers, babysitters and a bunch of other things“ if they work with low-income children, said Nathan Saunders, president of the Washington Teachers Union. “Impact takes none of those roles into account, so it can penalize you just for teaching in a high-needs school.“ Jason Kamras, the arch
8、itect of the system, said “it“s too early to answer“ whether Impact makes it easier for teachers in well-off neighborhoods to do well, but pointed out that Washington“s compensation system offers bigger bonuses ($25,000 versus $12,500) and salary enhancements in high-poverty schools. “We take very s
9、eriously the distribution of high-quality teachers across the system,“ he said. The evaluation system leans heavily on student test scores to judge about 500 math and reading teachers in grades fore to eight. Ratings for the rest of the city“s 3,600 teachers are determined mostly by five classroom o
10、bservations annually, three by their principal and two by so-called master educators, most recruited from outside Washington. For classroom observations, nine criteria“explain content clearly,“ “maximize instructional time“ and “check for student understanding,“ for exampleare used to rate the lesso
11、n as highly effective, effective, minimally effective or ineffective. These five observations combine to form 75 percent of these teachers“ overall ratings; the rest is based on achievement data and the teachers“ commitment to their school communities. Ineffective teachers face dismissal. Minimally
12、effective ones get a year to improve. Impact costs the city $7 million a year, including pay for 41 master educators, who earn about $ 90,000 a year and conduct about 170 observations each. The program also asks more of principals. Carolyne Albert-Garvey, the principal of Maury Elementary School on
13、Capitol Hill, has 22 teachersshe must conduct 66 observations, about one every three school days. “I“ve really gotten to know my staff, and I“m giving teachers more specific feedback,“ Ms. Albert-Garvey said. “It“s empowered me to have the difficult conversations, and that gives everyone the opportu
14、nity to improve.“ Several teachers, however, said they considered their ratings unfair. A veteran teacher who said he did not want to criticize the school system openly, said that a month after he inherited a chaotic world history class from a long-term substitute, the visiting evaluator cut him no
15、slack (绝不放过他) for taking on the assignment and penalized him because a student was texting during the lesson. Another teacher who expects to lose her job next month because of low ratings said at a public hearing that evaluators picked apart her seventh-grade geography lessons, making criticisms she
16、 considered trivial (微不足道的). During the most recent observation, her evaluator subtracted points because she had failed to notice a girl eating during class, the teacher said. “I“m 25 years in the system, and before, I always got outstanding ratings,“ she said. “How can you go overnight from outstan
17、ding to minimally effective?“ A report issued by the Aspen Institute in March said one of Impact“s accomplishments was to align teacher performance with student performance, noting that previously 95 percent of Washington“s teachers were highly rated but fewer than half of its students were demonstr
18、ating proficiency on tests. Still, the report quoted teachers who complained of cold-eyed evaluators more interested in identifying losers than in developing winners. “After my first conversation with my master educator, I felt it was going to be worthwhileshe offered me some good resources,“ the re
19、port quoted one teacher. “My second master educator was kind of a robot, not generous in offering assistance, a much tougher grader.“ This month, Mary Gloster, who taught science in three states before she was recruited to Impact in 2009, was at Ballou High, one of the city“s lowest-performing schoo
20、ls, to share the results of some classroom visits. She met with Mahmood Dorosti, a physics teacher who won a $5,000 award this spring. “Don“t even think about ityou“re highly effective,“ she told him. Next was Ms. Strzelecki, 23, who came to Ballou through Teach tor America. The two sat at adjoining
21、 desks, with Ms. Strzelecki looking a bit like a doe in the headlights. But Ms. Gloster, who had watched her teach a ninth-grade biology lesson the week before, offered compliments, along with suggestions about how Ms. Strzelecki might provide differentiated teaching for advanced and struggling stud
22、ents. “You did a really good job, kiddo,“ the evaluator ruled, grading her as effective, the equivalent of a B (the same rating she got on previous observations). “What I liked about Mary was that I felt she was on my side,“ Ms. Strzelecki said later. “Some teachers feel the master educators are out
23、 to get them.“ That is a common perception, said Mark Simon, an education analyst for the Economic Policy Institute, which receives teachers“ union financing. Ms. Rhee developed the system, he noted, during tough contract negotiations and did not consult with the teachers“ union in its design. “That
24、 was a missed opportunity,“ Mr. Simon said, “and it“s created a lot of resentment.“（分数：10.00）(1).The pioneering evaluation system lays great stress on -|_|-.（分数：1.00）A.teacher performanceB.teachers“ knowledgeC.classroom observationsD.students“ scores(2).Admirers of Impact praises it for setting a ne
25、w standard by establishing -|_|- for ineffective teaching.（分数：1.00）A.criticismB.warningC.further studyD.dismissal(3).Who is the architect of Impact?（分数：1.00）A.Emily Strzelecki.B.Jason Kamras.C.Nathan Saunders.D.President Obama.(4).How many criteria are used for classroom observations?（分数：1.00）A.Six.
26、B.Seven.C.Eight.D.Nine.(5).What do we know about Carolyne Albert-Garvey?（分数：1.00）A.She is the academic advisor for Maury Elementary School.B.She doesn“t give teachers specific feedback.C.She has 22 teachers.D.She doesn“t give people the chance to improve.(6).A veteran teacher was penalized because a
27、 student was -|_|- during the lesson.（分数：1.00）A.textingB.eatingC.sleepingD.playing(7).Mahmood Dorosti, who won a $5,000 award this year, is a -|_|- teacher.（分数：1.00）A.geographyB.biologyC.historyD.physics(8).Some educators say Impact is better at 1 than at helping struggling ones.（分数：1.00）(9).A repor
28、t issued by the Aspen Institute said one of Impact“s accomplishments was to 1.（分数：1.00）(10).Ms. Gloster offered Ms. Strzelechi suggestions about how she might provide differentiated teaching for 1.（分数：1.00）二、Part Two Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Shopping habits in the United States
29、 have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 1 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many 2 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of mercha
30、ndise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered 3 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to 4 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parkin
31、g places were 5 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers 6 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather ma
32、lls, 7 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 8 areas to outlying malls. And the growing 9 of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s,
33、many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 10 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment. A. designed B. take C. heart D. needed E. lonely F. convenience G. services H
34、. fame I. various J. popularity K. cosmetics L. started M. downtown N. available O. warm（分数：20.00）四、Section B(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Mars is not, it seems, the dry old planet we once believed it to be. Astronauts who are 1 to go there in the next decade may find plenty 2 water to slake (消除) their thirst. An
35、d with water present the 3 of finding some sort of life on Mars are 4 brighter. This is the view of 40 5 all over the world who have been analyzing 6 of pictures and other scientific 7 obtained by robot explorers in the sixties and seventies. To begin with scientists thought the Red Planet was as 8
36、as the Moon with dust storms swirling over vast sandy 9 . But now the picture is very different with mountains and valleys carved by 10 glaciers and torrential rivers rushing and rumbling deep underground. In a report on the 11 of the Martian pictures Dr. Michael Car of the US Geological Survey comm
37、ents: “I am 12 there“s lots of water on Mars.“ Any surface water will be in the 13 of ice. But it could save explorers 14 to take so much fresh 15 with them. The report says 16 Mars probably had a warmer climate in ages 17 due to its axis having been more steeply tilted towards the Sun. 18 convincin
38、g signs of plant or animal life have been 19 by instruments soft landed on Mars, 20 only the immediate vicinity (靠近) of landing vehicles could be examined.（分数：40.00）A.expectedB.hopedC.requiredD.eagerA.toB.ofC.moreD.inA.chancesB.openingsC.occasionsD.opportunitiesA.quiteB.veryC.muchD.moreA.biologistsB
39、.geologistsC.sociologistsD.psychologistsA.lotsB.quantitiesC.thousandD.thousandsA.tidingsB.newsC.intelligenceD.informationA.peacefulB.quietC.lifelessD.deadA.desertsB.mountainsC.seasD.riversA.energeticB.greatC.massiveD.mightyA.diagnosisB.synthesesC.analysisD.analysesA.convincedB.guaranteedC.believedD.
40、provedA.appearanceB.mouldC.formD.shapeA.takingB.havingC.conveyingD.carryingA.waterB.iceC.foodD.vegetableA.whatB.ifC.howD.thatA.passB.pastC.agoD.beforeA.NotB.NoC.NorD.NeverA.detectedB.touchedC.seenD.feltA.probablyB.perhapsC.supposedD.although五、Part Three Reading C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数
41、：10.00)Culture shock is an occupational disease for people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs are as following: when to shake hands and what to say when we meet
42、people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These signs, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, or customs, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and as much a part of our
43、culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend on hundreds of these signs for our peace of mind and day-to-day efficiency, but we do not carry most at the level of conscious awareness. Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar signs a
44、re removed. No matter how broadminded or full of good will you may be, a series of supports have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration when suffering from culture shock people first reject the environment which causes discomfort. The ways of the host country are bad becau
45、se they make us feel bad. When foreigners in a strange land get together to complain about the host country and its people, you can be sure that they are suffering from culture shock.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, culture shock is _.（分数：2.00）A.an occupational disease of foreign peopleB.may
46、lead to very serious symptomsC.actually not a diseaseD.insurable(2).According to the passage, culture shock results from _.（分数：2.00）A.the sudden change of social atmosphere and customsB.the sudden change of our daily habitsC.the sudden loss of our own signs and symbolsD.the discomfort that we feel w
47、hen faced with a foreigner(3).Which one of the following may not be a symptom of culture shock?（分数：2.00）A.You don“t know how to express your gratitude.B.You don“t know how to greet other people.C.You suddenly forget what a word means.D.You don“t understand why a foreigner shrugs.(4).According to the
48、 passage, how would a person who stays abroad most probably react when he is frustrated by the culture shock?（分数：2.00）A.He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first.B.He is ready to accept the change and adapt himself to the new environment.C.Although he takes the culture d
49、ifference for granted, he still doesn“t know how to do with it.D.He may begin to hate the people or things around him.(5).The main idea of this passage is that _.（分数：2.00）A.culture shock is an occupational diseaseB.culture shock is caused by the anxiety of living in a strange cultureC.culture shock has peculiar symptomsD.it is very hard to cope with life in a new setting七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In the second half of each year, many powerful storms are born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. Of these, o
