1、高等院校英语入学分级测试三级分类模拟题 12 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Fast Reading(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Be Sure Exercise Is All You Get at the GymWhen you go to the gym, do you wash your hands before and after using the equipment? Bring your own regularly cleaned mat tor floor exercises? Shower with antibacterial(抗菌的) soap
2、 and put on clean clothes immediately after your workout? Use only your own towels, razors, bar soap, water bottles? If you answered “no“ to any of the above, you could wind up with one of the many skin infections that can spread like wildfire in athletic settings. In June, the National Athletic Tra
3、iners“ Association, known as NATA, issued a position paper on the causes, prevention and treatment of skin diseases in athletes that could just as well apply to anyone who works out in a communal setting, be it a school or commercial gym. The authors pointed out that “skin infections in athletes are
4、 extremely common“ and account for more than half the outbreaks of infectious diseases that occur among participants in competitive sports. And if you think skin problems are minor, consider what happened to Kyle Frey, a 21-year-old junior and competitive wrestler at Drexel University in Philadelphi
5、a. Mr. Frey noticed a pimple (丘疹) on his arm last winter but thought little of it. He competed in a match on a Saturday, but by the next morning the pimple had grown to the size of his biceps and had become very painful. His athletic trainer sent him straight to the emergency room, where the lesion
6、(损伤) was lanced(切开) and cultured. Two days later, he learned he had MRSA, the potentially deadly staphylococcus infection that is resistant to most antibiotics. Mr. Frey spent five days in the hospital, where the lesion was surgically cleaned and stitched and treated with antibiotics that cleared th
7、e infection. He said in an interview that he does not know how he acquired MRSA: “The wrestling mat might have been contaminated, or I wrestled with someone who had the infection.“ If it could happen to Mr. Frey, who said he has always been health-conscious in the gym and careful about not sharing h
8、is belongings, it could happen to you. The Risks Recreational athletes as well as participants in organized sports are prone to fungal (真菌的), viral and bacterial skin infections. Sweat, abrasion and direct or indirect contact with the lesions and secretions (分泌物) of others combine to make every athl
9、ete“s skin vulnerable to a host of problems. While MRSA may be the most serious skin infection, athlete“s foot, jock itch, boils, impetigo, herpes simplex and ringworm, among others, are not exactly fun or attractive. Athletes who are infected should be kept from competing in matches for a week or m
10、ore until treatment renders them noninfectious. The authors of the trainers“ study warned against simply covering infections like herpes and active bacterial lesions in order to return to competition. Likewise, people like you and me who work out at a facility or swim in a public pool should stay aw
11、ay until cleared by a doctor who is well versed in skin diseases. Steven M. Zinder, a trainer at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and chief author of the new paper, said in an interview that these recommendations are not esoteric (深奥的，秘密的). “It“s what we all learnedor should have lear
12、nedin sixth-grade health class,“ he said. “It“s all common sense. You need to keep yourself and your equipment clean. You never know who last used the equipment in a gym. It can be a great breeding ground for these bugs, some of which are pretty nasty.“ The report, published in the August issue of T
13、he Journal of Athletic Training, stated, “Athletes must shower after every practice and game with an antibacterial soap and water over the entire body.“ Dr. Zinder noted that after a workout, women tend not to shower at the facility, while men, who are more likely to shower, often fail to cleanse th
14、eir entire bodies, including their feet. Well-equipped facilities should provide antibacterial liquid soap. “You should be showering at the gym and putting on clean clothes that are kept separate from the dirty ones,“ he said. In fact, he added, it“s best to have two bags, one only for clean clothes
15、, and to wash the dirty-clothes bag now and then. Assume Exposure Jack Foley, athletic trainer and director of sports medicine at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pa., and co-author of the report, said athletes should always assume they are exposed to skin infections. At any given time, he said in an
16、 interview, one person in three in the United States suffers from a skin disease that can be spread to others, even while in the incubation (潜伏) stage. The report noted that there had been “an alarming increase in the prevalence of MRSA“ in the noses of both healthy children and adults. Thus, sneezi
17、ng into one“s hand or blowing one“s nose without washing with an antibacterial cleanser afterward may spread these dangerous bacteria to others. While hand hygiene is most important over all, avoiding fungal infections requires a daily change of athletic socks and underwear; carefully drying the arm
18、pits and groin and between toes (perhaps blow-drying the feet on low heat); and using foot powder. Shower shoes can help prevent infection as long as they don“t keep you from soaping your feet. A viral infection called molluscum contagiosum may not be on the popular tongue, but it is commonly seen i
19、n young children, spreads through skin-to-skin contact, and is not uncommon among athletes, including swimmers, cross-country runners and wrestlers, the report stated. Prevention of this highly contagious infection requires “meticulous hygiene“ after contact with secretions from other athletes throu
20、gh benches, towels and mats. If you plan to work out in a gym or use a locker room, Mr. Foley suggested that before choosing a facility, you quiz the management about the cleaning agents used (they should be approved by the Environmental Protection Agency) and daily cleaning schedule for all surface
21、s and equipment. If exercise mats are not cleaned between classes, he suggested bringing your own. Antibacterial wipes or spray bottles should be provided and used by everyone to clean equipment after a workout.（分数：20.00）(1).NATA issued a paper on the causes, prevention and treatment of -|_|- in ath
22、letes or anyone who exercises in a communal setting.（分数：2.00）A.lung cancerB.skin diseasesC.breathing difficultyD.nose bleeding(2).What do we know about Kyle Frey?（分数：2.00）A.He is a 21-year-old senior and competitive wrestler at Drexel University.B.He was shocked by the pimple on his arm when he firs
23、t noticed it.C.The pimple he had was actually MRSA, a potentially deadly infection.D.He knew how he acquired the disease.(3).Athletes who are infected should be kept from -|_|- for a week or more until they are considered noninfectious.（分数：2.00）A.entering competitionsB.participating in routine exerc
24、isesC.organizing any sportsD.attending health-conscious lectures(4).According to Dr. Zinder, the equipment in a gym can be a great -|_|- for some skin diseases.（分数：2.00）A.reportB.bacterial lesionC.showerD.breeding ground(5).Jack Foley said that athletes should always assume -|_|-.（分数：2.00）A.they won
25、“t be infected with skin diseasesB.they are immune to skin infectionsC.they are exposed to skin infectionsD.they should be scared of skin diseases(6).Which of the following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Hand hygiene is most important over all.B.Shower shoes can help prevent infection to some extent.C.Mollu
26、scum contagiosum is rarely seen in young children.D.Avoiding fungal infections requires using foot powder.(7).What did Mr. Foley suggest if exercise mats are not cleaned between classes?（分数：2.00）A.Quitting going to the gym.B.Cleaning the mat by yourself.C.Choosing another facility.D.Bringing your ow
27、n mat.(8).Recreational athletes and 1 are prone to fungal, viral and bacterial skin infections.（分数：2.00）(9).Dr. Zinder suggested that after working out people shower at the gym and put on clean clothes that are 1.（分数：2.00）(10).Jack Foley said that 1 in America suffers from a skin disease that can be
28、 spread to others.（分数：2.00）二、Cloze(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always 1 such people, but I also explain that there“s a big difference between “being a writer“ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of 2 and fame,
29、 not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You“ve got to want to write,“ I say to them, “not want to be a writer.“ The reality is that writing is a 3 , private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never 4 . When I left a 20-year career
30、 in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer(自由撰稿人), I had no 5 at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn“t even matter that it was 6 and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a 7 writer. After a
31、 year or so, however, I still hadn“t gotten a break and began to 8 myself. It was so hard to sell a story that 9 made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn“t going to be one of those people who die wondering, what if? I would keep on putting my dream t
32、o the testeven though it meant living with 10 and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learns to live there. A. barely B. genuine C. rewarded D. doubt E. lonely F. poverty G. persuade H. prospects I. uncertainty J. impossibly K. encourage L. awarded M. alone N. w
33、ealth O. cold（分数：20.00）四、Section B(总题数：1，分数：30.00)In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved(旋转)around the earth. An 1 7% did not know which revolved around 2 . I have no doubt that 3 all of these people were 4 in school that the earth revolves around th
34、e sun; 5 may even have written it 6 at test. But they never 7 their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) 8 because their everyday observations didn“t support 9 their teachers told them: People see the sun moving 10 the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary (静止的) 11 that
35、 is happening. Students can learn the right answers 12 heart in class, and yet never combined them 13 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 14 personal understanding of the world can 15 side by side, each unaffected by the other. Outside of c
36、lass, the student continues to use the 16 model because it has always worked well 17 that circumstance. Unless professors address 18 errors in students“ personal models of the world, students are not 19 to replace them with the 20 one.（分数：30.00）A.excessiveB.extraC.additionalD.addedA.whatB.whichC.tha
37、tD.otherA.virtuallyB.remarkablyC.ideallyD.preferablyA.learnedB.suggestedC.taughtD.advisedA.thoseB.theseC.whoD.theyA.onB.withC.underD.forA.formedB.alteredC.believedD.thoughtA.operationB.positionC.motionD.locationA.howB.whichC.thatD.whatA.aroundB.acrossC.onD.aboveA.sinceB.soC.whileD.forA.toB.byC.inD.w
38、ithA.withB.intoC.toD.alongA.adult“sB.teacher“sC.scientist“sD.student“sA.existB.occurC.surviveD.maintainA.privateB.individualC.personalD.ownA.inB.withC.onD.forA.generalB.naturalC.similarD.specificA.obligedB.likelyC.probableD.partialA.perfectB.betterC.reasonableD.correct五、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：0，分数
39、：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In Britain there is a National Health Service (NHS) which is paid for by taxes and National Insurance, and in general people do not have to pay for medical treatment. Every person is registered with a doctor in his or her local area, known as a general practitioner
40、(全科医生) or GP. This means that their names are on the GP“s list, and they may make an appointment to see the doctor or may call the doctor out to visit them if they are ill. People sometimes do have to pay part of the cost of drugs that the doctor prescribes. GPs are trained in general medicine but a
41、re not specialists in any particular subject. If a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, they must first go to their GP and then the GP will make an appointment for the patient to see a specialist at a hospital or clinic. Although everyone in Britain can have free treatment under the NHS, it is
42、also possible for him to have treatment done privately, for which he has to pay. Some people have private health insurance to help them pay for private treatment. Under the NHS, people who need to go to hospital may have to wait for a long time on a waiting list for their treatment. Anyone who is ve
43、ry ill can call an ambulance(救护车) and get taken to hospital for free urgent medical treatment. Ambulances are a free service in Britain.（分数：10.00）(1).In Britain, the National Health Service refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.a local hospitalB.a medicine supplierC.a medical care systemD.an insurance company(2).U
44、nder the National Health Service, British citizens _.（分数：2.00）A.are all registered with a general practitionerB.do not need to buy private health insuranceC.can only go to see a general practitionerD.cannot call in a general practitioner(3).People buy private health insurance in order to _.（分数：2.00）
45、A.pay for the ambulance serviceB.receive free urgent treatmentC.see a general practitionerD.have private treatment(4).Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.People in Britain do not have to pay for any kind of medical care.B.People in Britain may wait long for their free
46、medical treatment.C.In Britain you have to pay for ambulance service.D.Britain private medical insurance is free.(5).What is this passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.Private medical care in Britain.B.Roles of general practitioners.C.Taxes and free medical care.D.Health services in Britain.七、Passage Two(
47、总题数：1，分数：10.00)Unlike their American or European counterparts, car salesmen in Japan work hard to get a buyer. Instead of walking around showrooms waiting for customers to drop by, many Japanese car salesmen still go out to get them. They walk wearily along the streets selling cars door-to-door. New
48、 customers are hunted with a determination and existing ones entertained with fruit and cakes on their birthdays. But life is getting toughand not just because new-car sales are falling. With more Japanese women (who often control the house-hold budget) going out to work, the salesmen increasingly f
49、ind nobody at home when they call. That means another visit in the evening or at the weekend. Then they face an extra problem: more people, especially the young, prefer to choose a new car from a showroom where they can compare different models. Even as late as the mid-1980s some 90% of new cars were sold door-to-door. In some rural areas most new cars are still sold this way. But in the big cities more than half the new cars now are sold from showrooms. Although investing in showrooms is expensive because of the hi
