1、翻译资格考试二级实务(口译)6 及答案解析(总分:2.00,做题时间:120 分钟)一、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数:2,分数:1.00)_二、PART 2 Chinese-Engl(总题数:2,分数:1.00)_翻译资格考试二级实务(口译)6 答案解析(总分:2.00,做题时间:120 分钟)一、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数:2,分数:1.00)_正确答案:(尊敬的各位来宾,女士们,先生们, 首先,我祝贺香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织成功举办此次会议。此次会议吸引了来自全球的 500 多名代表,包括反贪专家、执法人员,还有来自国际组织、金融机构和学术界的朋友。
2、香港能够与举世闻名的国际刑警组织共同举办这一全球性会议,深感荣幸。 我谨向所有与会代表表示热烈欢迎,大家来自世界各地,却有着同样的理想。参加此次盛会的,包括逾五十九个司法管辖区的六十五个执法机构和八个国际组织,这表明此次会议是一次真正的全球性反贪合作会议。 贪污是一种社会罪行,如不加以阻止,对社会祸害无穷,会腐蚀法治,影响政府效率,抑制经济发展,有时甚至可能造成社会政治动荡。 随着经济全球化加速发展,科技进步日新月异,今天,贪污恶行已不受国界限制,并以新的形式出现,成为不法集团的犯罪工具,被用来从事国际洗钱、大规模商业诈骗、跨国毒品走私、贩卖人口等许多严重罪行。 对付贪污这种全球性跨国犯罪行为
3、,需要采取全球跨国联盟的方式加以打击。多年来,香港廉政公署与国际刑警组织已结成稳固的合作盟友,通过推动国际协作和战略性结盟,合力打击贪污。 香港是一流的国际金融中心,被公认为世界上最具竞争力和最自由的经济体之一。我们有许多根本优势,其中尤其令我自豪的是被评为世界上最廉洁的地方。 虽然取得了这些成绩,我们却不能自满。目前,我们正面临经济转型的重大挑战。 这次会议给我们提供了分享经验,交流意见,讨论反腐良方的宝贵机会。我深信每位与会者都会从中受益。 女士们,先生们,现在我宣布会议开幕,并祝大家旅港愉快,富有成效。 谢谢。)解析: 本文主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。本文要求应
4、试者具有相关方面的常识,掌握相关专门术语,这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容,在较为短暂的时间内,应试者还需对复杂的长难句做出判断,使翻译不仅信息完整正确,还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上,应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语做出判断,使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 【基本素质采分点】 1the Independent Commission Against Corruption(ICAC) (香港)廉政公署 2the Interpol 国际刑警组织 3jurisdiction 司法管辖区 4money laundering scheme 洗钱 【结构理解采分点】 1 It can e
5、rode the rule of law,undermine the efficiency of governments,stifle economic development,and in some cases may trigger social and political unrest该句是简单句,若干动宾词组做并列宾语,该句翻译精彩处是注意若干动词翻译既要正确又要符合汉语的语言习惯,即使是口译,译者的翻译水平也会从类似的翻译中体现出来。因此,原句可译为“贪污会腐蚀法治,影响政府效率,抑制经济发展,有时甚至可能造成社会政治动荡。” 2Hong Kongs ICAC and Interpo
6、l have built up a very solid relationship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of international co-operation and strategic alliance该句是简单句,其中 to combat 动词不定式短语做全句状语,因为该部分内容过多,可将其单独译为一个分句。因此,原句可译为“多年来,香港廉政公署与国际刑警组织已结成稳固的合作盟友,通过推动国际协作和战略性结盟,合力打击贪污。” 3 Among the many fundamental str
7、engths that Hong Kong possesses,I am particularly proud that we are rated as one of the least corrupt places in the world该句是复合句。主干部分是 I am particularly proud that,句首的 Among 介词短语为全句的状语,但在翻译时,因其内容过多,可单独译为一句。因此,原句可译为“我们有许多根本优势,其中尤其令我自豪的是被评为世界上最廉洁的地方。” 4 At the moment,we are facing tremendous challenges
8、 as our economy grapples with restructuring该句是复合句,其中 as 引导原因状语从句,翻译时,可将此从句译作定语,以使译文结构紧凑。因此,原句可译为“目前,我们正面临经济转型的重大挑战。” 5This conference provides a valuable forum for all participants to share experiences and to exchange ideas and initiatives for tackling corruption本句是简单句,译文的关键是处理若干动词的翻译。其中exchange 分别与
9、 idea 和 initiative 搭配,所以译文要处理该词与不同宾语搭配的翻译。因此,原句可译为“这次会议给我们提供了分享经验,交流意见,讨论反腐良方的宝贵机会。” 【言语表达采分点】 1law enforcer 执法人员 2preeminent organisation 知名机构 3transcend 超越 4take on a new dimension 以新形式出现 5syndicated 辛迪加的(指联合起来的) 6commercial fraud scam 商业诈骗 7Drug trafficking 走私毒品 8tackle corruption 对付贪污 9Border-1e
10、ss alliance 跨国联盟 10no room for 无的余地 _正确答案:( 欢迎各位来到联合国,参加本联络小组的第一次会议。 你们很适时地将重点放在非洲的粮食安全方面。非洲最近的粮食危机使我们比以往任何时候都更充分地认识到制定一个能打破不断发生此类危机的局面,并给非洲带来一场绿色革命的战略的紧迫性。但要做到这一点,就要在多个方面采取积极措施。 非洲过去也曾出现粮食危机,曾出现过致命的疾病,在一些国家,由于能力和资源方面的限制,政府在治理上遇到过挑战。 但非洲大陆很少象现在这样同时遭遇来自许多领域的挑战。目前,非洲面临着三重极其繁重的负担,即粮食安全问题、艾滋病病毒艾滋病和政府日渐衰
11、弱的治理和服务能力。 如果不同时应对艾滋病和治理方面的挑战,我们就不能为粮食安全问题找到一个可行的解决方案。 非洲的粮食安全问题有着结构性的原因。多数非洲农民耕种的小片土地不能生产满足自家需要的产品。此外,农民们没有议价能力,也无法获得土地、资金和技术。 这些进一步削弱了农民承受反复出现的干旱和不断蔓延的艾滋病疫情影响的能力。 目前有 3000 万非洲人感染艾滋病病毒,全球有 2000 多万人死于艾滋病,非洲大陆首当其冲。在非洲的一些地区,超过 40的人口感染艾滋病病毒,还有同样数量的人正面临饥荒。 艾滋病病毒艾滋病对粮食生产的破坏性影响是再明显不过的,已有七百万非洲农民因此丧身。艾滋病在非洲
12、妇女中的传染率在上升,最新数据表明妇女占非洲艾滋病感染者的 58。 由于艾滋病的影响, 知识和技能无法代代相传,正在逐渐失传,不论是在家庭还是在政府层面,资源被用于医疗,而非粮食生产。而粮食短缺反过来又通过贫穷、不平等和营养不良等因素加剧疾病的蔓延。 显然,如何打破这一恶性循环为政府治理提出了严峻的挑战。应对这一挑战需要强有力的制度、更高的技能和创新的政策。而具有讽刺意味的是,非洲政府的治理和服务能力却几乎被这种疾病消耗殆尽,而这种情况在这个艾滋病年代又是常常发生的。 作为一个整体,非洲面临这一系列的问题盘根错节,要远比各个问题的简单总和更加难以对付。要解决我所提出的问题,非洲各国政府和国际社
13、会应该采取一种综合性的新对策,摈弃短期方案,对我们的整个发展战略进行重新评估,换句话说,就是即使在处理短期性紧急状况时也要采取立足长远的措施。 女士们,先生们, 联合国大家庭已经携起手来,通过合作解决这些问题。我希望你们在各方面与我们及非洲各国政府共同努力,制定一系列必要的革命性方案,解决非洲致命的三重负担问题和打破非洲粮食危机的怪圈。 我带着失望开始这篇演讲,请让我满怀希望结束它。是的,我们面临着一系列前所未有的挑战。但你们能出席今天的会议,说明我们对于解决这一问题的必要性有着空前的一致。我们必须共同努力,为我们的成功做出政治决断。 谢谢大家。)解析: 本文是有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话,就非
14、洲粮食问题的根源作了详细的说明,并请求获得国际社会的援助。 本文要求应试者具有一定的社会背景知识,如国家政治及艾滋病方面的常识,这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容,在较为短暂的时间内,应试者还需对复杂的长难句做出判断,使翻译不仅信息完整正确,还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上,应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语做出判断,使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 【基本素质采分点】 1United Nations 联合国 2food security 粮食安全 3Green Revolution in Africa 非洲的绿色革命 4HIVAIDS 艾滋病病毒艾滋病 5HIVpositive 感
15、染艾滋病病毒 6infection rate 感染率 【结构理解采分点】 1The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us,more than ever before,the urgent need for a strategy to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa该句基本可按照原文顺序进行翻译,其中注意可将修饰性结构 more than ever before 按照汉语习惯放在谓语短
16、语 bring home to 前面,该句还要求应试者正确理解 bring home to 的含义。因此,原句可译为“非洲最近的粮食危机使我们比以往任何时候都更充分地认识到制定一个能打破不断发生此类危机的局面,并给非洲带来一场绿色革命的战略的紧迫性。” 2 We cannot find viable solutions to the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time该句是主从复合句,unless 引导的状语从句位于句子后半部,按汉
17、语可将次要成分前置的特点,可优先翻译该从句。因此,原句可译为“如果不同时应对艾滋病和治理方面的挑战,我们就不能为粮食安全问题找到一个可行的解决方案。” 3The devastating impact of HIVAIDS on food productionwith seven million African farmers already deadis only too obvious该句为保持译文完整的逻辑性,可将形式较为松散的修饰性成分 with 短语后置。因此,原句可译为“艾滋病病毒艾滋病对粮食生产的破坏性影响是再明显不过的,已有七百万非洲农民因此丧身。” 4 Because of A
18、IDS,skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next本句译文可在正确理解短语 rather than(而不是)的基础上,将该短语翻译略去,以免译文过于生硬。因此,原句可译为“由于艾滋病的影响,知识和技能无法代代相传,正在逐渐失传。” 5 But in an irony so typical of the age of AIDS,Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being
19、stretched to breaking point by the disease该句是简单句,句子主干部分是Africas abilityis itself being stretched,句子前半部分的 typical of 短语修饰 an irony,但为了整体译文内容相对紧凑,该部分可在翻译时,放在最后。因此,原句可译为“而具有讽刺意味的是,非洲政府的治理和服务能力却几乎被这种疾病消耗殆尽,而这种情况在这个艾滋病年代又是常常发生的。” 【言语表达采分点】 1bring home to sb 使充分认识 2radical approach 积极的措施 3come to terms wi
20、th 达成协议;设法忍受 4a triad of related burdens 三重负担 5be compounded by 使更坏 6bear the brunt of 首当其冲 7die out 灭绝 8be diverted fromto 从转移到 9interlocking 错综复杂的 l0work across the board with sb与通力合作二、PART 2 Chinese-Engl(总题数:2,分数:1.00)_正确答案:( Todays world is based on rule of law. The prosperity of a nation, the f
21、lourishing of its political life, the stability of its society, the development of its economy, the unity of its ethnic communities, the thriving of its culture and the well-being and happiness of its people, all hinge on the maintenance of law and order and the integrity of the legal system. China
22、is no exception. What a nation adopts for its national strategy will have a lot to do with its future and destiny. Towards the end of 20th century, China, a country of 1.2 billion people, made it clear to the world that it would run the country in accordance with law, and has since taken solid steps
23、 forward along this path. A system of laws that meets the needs of the socialist market economy is taking shape. A reform that transforms the functions of government and makes administration more strictly law-based is under way in an orderly fashion. A judicial restructuring that aims to ensure grea
24、ter justice and efficiency is deepening steadily. And a grand social campaign that educates the hundreds of millions in the importance of the law is proceeding into greater depth. As you know, the constitution of a country is the most important and most fundamental legal guarantee for its economic d
25、evelopment. In the early years of New China, public ownership emerged as the dominant form of ownership after the socialist transformation of agriculture, handcraft and capitalist industry and commerce, and the private ownership had no lawful status. Planned economy became the dominant mode of the e
26、conomy, and enterprises had no right to operate their businesses independently. Distribution according to work became the dominant mode of distribution, and citizens had no income from other sources. Under such an economic system, Chinas economy developed at a snails pace. In 1978, China launched it
27、s reform and opening up program. In 1988, the country amended its constitution for the first time, recognizing the lawful status of the private economy. In 1993, it amended the constitution again, making it clear that the state practiced the socialist market economy. These amendments have promoted b
28、oth the public and private sectors of the economy, boosted Chinas comprehensive national strength, improved the quality of life of its people, and brought profound changes to Chinas political, economic and social life.)解析: 本文主要讨论中国法制建设,深入分析了中国法制建设的思路,说明了法制建设的过程和展望。本文要求应试者具有相关中国政治方面的概念常识,能够正确理解并翻译某些术
29、语,这些知识构成基本素质的考查点。此外,应试者还需根据英语语言习惯,重新整理中文句子结构,在此基础上,应试者要灵活处理对某些单词或短语的翻译,使之不仅正确,还应符合上下文语境的要求。 【基本素质采分点】 1司法体制改革 judicial restructuring 2宪法 constitution 3公有制 public ownership 4计划经 济 planned economy 5按劳分配 distribution according to work 6改革开放 reform and opening up 7社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 【结构理解
30、采分点】 1 国运之兴盛,政治之昌明,社会之稳定,经济之发展,民族之团结,文化之繁荣,人民之安居乐业,都离不开法律之维系和法律之保障。该句的信息量很大,根据其句式特点和口译对时间的要求,可将句子前部分的七个短语译为并列主语,使句子最后一部分充当谓宾成分。因此,原句可译为“The prosperity of a nation,the flourishing of its political life,the stability of its society。the development of its economy,the unity of its ethnic communities,the
31、 thriving of its culture and the well-being and happiness of its people,all hinge on the maintenance of law and order and the integrity of the legal system” 2 一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。该句先确定主语部分为“宏大社会工程”,中文句子有时前置定语过长,翻译时需要使用定语从句、非谓语动词短语等形式变为后置定语。因此,原句可译为“And a grand social campaign that educates t
32、he hundreds of millions in the importance of the law is proceeding into greater depth” 3 新中国成立初期,对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后,公有制成了主要所有制模式,私有经济没有合法的地位。该句需要根据原文的逻辑特点,最后一部分分句与前面部分意思相对松散,确定使用并列句的句式,并将句中“对改造后”的译文放在分句主干结构后面,以突出句子的主要结构和内容,这与汉语将修饰部分往往前置的特点恰恰相反。因此,原句可译为“In the early years of New China,public ow
33、nership emerged as the dominant form of ownership after the socialist transformation of agriculture,handcraft and capitalist industry and commerce,and the private ownership had no lawful status” 4 1998 年,中国对现行宪法进行第一次修正,确认了私有经济的合法地位。为使译文紧凑,使用简单句表达,原结构中另一个动词短语“确认”以分词短语形式出现,在句中做状语。因此,原句可译为“In 1988,the
34、country amended its constitution for the first time,recognizing the lawful status of the private economy” 5 宪法的变革,促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展,促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善,给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。该句信息量大,根据多为动宾词组的特点,可考虑使用并列谓语。因此,原句可译为“These amendments have promoted both the public and private sectors of the economy, boos
35、ted Chinas comprehensive national strength,improved the quality of life of its people,and brought profound changes to Chinas political,economic and social life” 【言语表达采分点】 1治国方略 national strategy 2依法治国 run the country in accordance with law 3转变政府职能 transform the functions of the government 4严格依法行政 ma
36、ke administration strictly law-based 5正在进行 be under way 6公正与效率 justice and efficiency 7经营自主权 fight to operate business independently 8发展非常缓慢 develop at a snails pace 9修正 amendment l0综合国力 comprehensive national strength_正确答案:( The Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is situated in the south
37、east corner of Yunnan Province. It borders Guangxi to the east and Viet Nam to the south and has a boundary of 438 kilometers. The total area of the prefecture is over 30 thousand square kilometers, about the size of Hainan Province. It has a very long history, evidenced by the discovery of fossiliz
38、ed teeth of the early man who once lived here. Wenshan is rich in resources. Its minerals are promising and its native produce is famous all over the world. Pseudo-ginseng, for example, accounts for over 85% of the national total in terms of acreage and output. Wenshan is home to 3.27 million people
39、 of 11 ethnic groups, including the Han, Zhuang, Miao, Yao, Yi, Hui, Buyi, Dai, Bai, Mongolian and Gelao. During the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, the Party Committee and Government of Wenshan Prefecture, with the loving care of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the State Counc
40、il and under the leadership of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government, led the people of all ethnic groups in the prefecture in earnestly implementing the policies of reform and opening up, vigorously developing the economy, improving the peoples livelihood and fulfilling th
41、e goals of the Plan. This achieved ethnic harmony, social stability and rapid economic growth, making the five year period one of the fastest social and economic development periods since the founding of the autonomous prefecture. In 2001, the economy continued to grow, which was a good beginning fo
42、r the Tenth Five-Year Plan. To begin with, the years GDP went up by 9.3%, the second highest in the province. Secondly, infrastructure development made major breakthroughs with the completion of many highway projects. Thirdly, the industrial structure achieved an improved ratio of 36:26:38 compared
43、to 38:25:37 of the previous year. Fourthly, the prefectures opening to the outside world made fresh progress evidenced by the successful launching of the Third Native Products Cultural Festival, which gave Wenshan a new image. Fifthly, poverty alleviation scored remarkable success as basic needs for
44、 food, clothing and shelter of 330,000 more rural poor were met and the farmers average annual income went up to 763 yuan.)解析: 本文主要介绍了云南少数民族文山自治州的情况,从地理、人文、物产和发展等多角度全方位地介绍了这个地区。本文要求应试者具有人文地理等方面的基本常识,这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容,在较为短暂的时间内,应试者还需对复杂的本土化表达的长难句做出判断,使翻译不仅信息完整正确,还要基本符合英语习惯。在此基础上,应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语做出判断
45、,使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 【基本素质采分点】 1自治州 Autonomous Prefecture 2越南 Viet Nam 3三七(一种植物) Pseudo-ginseng 4“九五” the Ninth Five-Year Plan 5党中央 Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party 6国务院 State Council 7国内生产总值 GDP 【结构理解采分点】 1 文山壮族苗族自治州位于云南省东南部,东与广西相连,南与越南接壤,边境线长达 438 公里,总面积 3 万多平方公里,和海南省差不多。这句话的翻译颇具
46、典型性。原文在一个句子内包容了关于地理状况方面的多重信息,这就要求译文尽可能地结构紧凑,这样,可采用重组原文结构、词性变化、固定词组搭配等方式;为了突出英文句子所要求的逻辑性,也可将原文拆成若干句翻译。因此,原文可译为“The Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is situated in the southeast corner of Yunnan ProvinceIt borders Guangxi to the east and Viet Nam to the southand has a boundary of 438 kilo
47、metersThe total area of the prefecture is over 30 thousand square kilometers,about the size of Hainan Province” 2 文山州物产丰富,矿业开发前景良好,土特产品久负盛名,三七种植面积和产量均占全国 85以上。该句虽然为一个句子,但各部分之间的内容内在逻辑松散,因此,翻译时要拆成若干分句,并注意使用固定短语或表达,以确定英文句子的结构。因此,原句可译为“Wenshan is rich in resourcesIts minerals are promising and its native produce is famous all over the worldPseudo