1、翻译资格考试三级实务(笔译)3 及答案解析(总分：2.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1. A few weeks back, I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school. Referring to stress, she heaved a big sigh and said: “Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened.“ Her friends nearby then sta
2、rted pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system, widely regarded as too results-oriented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask. The school system of reaching for As underlies the coun
3、trys culture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves. Such a culture is hard to change. So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to
4、realize alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled with help from parents themselves. The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look be
5、yond the five Cs: cash, condos, clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future. It is good that the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I bel
6、ieve the committees success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence. This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit the family. Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-
7、all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life. If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over
8、 grass. In fact, it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give directions to the lost traveler, I will say. And who knows, my child may become an astronomer years down th
9、e road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky. Thats my point. Parents should teach their children that theres more to life than studies. Better still if the nations leaders echo that idea as well. This way, when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo
10、, they wont feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe. However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee
11、and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education. It is now wait-and-see if, say, 10 years down the road, more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully, by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams.（分数：1.00）_二、PART 2 Chin
12、ese-Engl(总题数：1，分数：1.00)2. 论想象力的培养 我的讲话是主张培养想象力。 那么，我是从什么意义上使用“想象力”这个词的呢? “想象力”一词的定义是：“构思出理想图画的能力”；“向自己或他人描述不在眼前的事物的能力。”我在下面的讲话使用“想象力”这个词时，就具有这样的含义。 沿着这条思路，我相信可以把我的意思讲清楚。不在眼前的事物是什么呢?例如历史就是。历史讲的是过去的事情。从某种意义上来说，历史并不存在于脑中就是说，你看不到过去的事情；但是学习历史能使你得到并增强理解不在眼前的事物的能力。因此我愿向你们推荐历史课，那是一门最值得学习的课程。 （分数：1.00）_翻译资格考
13、试三级实务(笔译)3 答案解析(总分：2.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1. A few weeks back, I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school. Referring to stress, she heaved a big sigh and said: “Aiyah, anything bad that can happen has already happened.“ Her friends nearby then started p
14、ouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard, and so on. Pessimism again, in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system, widely regarded as too results-oriented, and I wonder why I even bothered to ask. The school system of reaching for As underlies the countrys c
15、ulture, which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves. Such a culture is hard to change. So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success, encouraging Singaporeans to realiz
16、e alternative careers in the arts, sports, research or as entrepreneurs, I had my doubts about its success in this area, if not coupled with help from parents themselves. The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister, formed to make Singaporeans look beyond t
17、he five Cs: cash, condos, clubs, credit cards and cars, to help prepare the nation for the future. It is good that the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe t
18、he committees success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence. This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit the family. Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of
19、 life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life. If ever I become a parent, I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass
20、. In fact, it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance, they give directions to the lost traveler, I will say. And who knows, my child may become an astronomer years down the road
21、. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky. Thats my point. Parents should teach their children that theres more to life than studies. Better still if the nations leaders echo that idea as well. This way, when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo, they
22、 wont feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe. However, the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be
23、 aware of giving their children the right kind of education. It is now wait-and-see if, say, 10 years down the road, more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully, by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams.（分数：1.00）_正确答案：( 几个星期前，我问一个 1
24、4 岁的朋友她如何应对自己的学业。 谈到压力，她深叹一口气说：“哎呀，这儿事要多糟，有多糟。” 随后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的学科倾诉自己的苦恼。人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制度过分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟能详的言语再次表现了对新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么还要费心一问。 追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基础，这一文化重在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就则体现在一定要获得财富和地位。 这种文化是难以改变的。 新成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之一确定为向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去从事其它职业，如艺术、体育、研究或成为企业家。当我获知此情时，我怀疑如
25、果没有家长的配合，这方面的改造可否成功。 成立改造新加坡委员会是新加坡总理的设想，旨在帮助国家准备应付未来，使新加坡人不要只盯着钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。 新加坡政府想针对本国物质成功为先的理念采取行动，这是件好事。但如果没有家庭单位的参与，这种行动将会是一场失败之战，因为我认为只有彻底改变独立 3 7 年来形成的一种整体文化，改造新加坡委员会才能取得成功。 而这种改变必须始于最基本的社会单位家庭。 家长们不应当使孩子禁锢于“我要得 100 分”的约束。学科的课程决定不了生活中的成败。一篇中文论文得 70 分绝不意味着生活无望。 如果有朝一日我成为家长，我要带我的孩子去露营，向他们演示
26、用军用饭盒在篝火上煮饭是_种乐趣，告诉他们躺在草地上的睡袋里一点也不脏。 实际上，这是有教育意义的，因为猎户星座与其它明亮的星星高挂夜空，它们的形态和图案诉说的不仅仅是一个神话。例如，我认为它们可以为迷路的旅行人指引方向。 说不定我的孩子可能会在数年后成为一个天文学家，而这一切则源于我与他一起在夜晚观察空中闪烁的星星。 这就是我的观点。家长应该教育自己的孩子，生活中除了学业外还有更丰富的内容。如果国家领导人也认同那种观点就更好了。 由此，当孩子们渴望成为另一个杨玮玲(JOSCELIN YEO)时，他们就不会感到，在面对一个敬畏医生和律师的社会时，他们要进行一场失败之战。 然而，这种呵护经济成就
27、感的文化根深蒂固，许多家长的思想倾向也是如此。但家长们可以从改造新加坡委员会那里得到启示，意识到要给予自己的孩子正确的教育。 咱们现在拭目以待，也许 l0 年后，更多的人将选择其它职业。希望到那时，没人会认为运动员或音乐家在追求梦想时做出了太过巨大的牺牲。)解析：1 Referring to stress，she heaved a big sigh and said：“Aiyah，anything bad that can happen has already happened”谈到压力，她深叹一口气说：“哎呀，这儿事要多糟，有多糟。”分析用词选词采分点。heave 举起，起伏，叹(气)；在此
28、 heaved a big sigh 译作：深叹一口气；Anything bad that can happen has already happened原意为：能发生的坏事都已发生了；言外之意：“事情糟得不能再糟了。”或“这儿事要多糟，有多糟。” 2Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard，and so on随后，她周围的朋友便开始就他们认为那些难学的学科倾诉自己的苦恼。分析理解结构采分点。此句是根据汉语的语言习惯对原文的词序进行调整，使译文尽可能地通
29、顺。将介词+关系代词构成的介词短语引起的定语从句放到被修饰的名词前；将表示时间、地点的副词提前。另外，短语 pour out 倾诉，倾吐；pour out their woes倾诉自己的苦恼。 3Pessimism again，in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapores education system，widely regarded as too results-oriented，and I wonder why I even bothered to ask人们普遍认为，新加坡的教育制度过分注重成绩，而这些孩子耳熟能详的言语再次表现了
30、对新加坡教育制度的悲观情绪。我不知道自己为什么还要费心一问。分析理解结构采分点。此句是个很长的并列句，可用断句法将并列句分成两个句子来翻译。翻译前要仔细推敲，按逻辑顺序对全句进行综合处理。还要注意翻译中肯定与否定，主动与被动的互换。本句还应注意词的选用，如：pessimism 译成“悲观情绪”；all-too-familiar remarks 译成“耳熟能详的言语”或根据上下文，意译成“牢骚”；resultsoriented 过分注重成绩。 4The school system of reaching for As underlies the countrys culture，which em
31、phasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves追求功课得优的学校体制构成了新加坡文化的基础，这一文化重在追求经济上的杰出成就，而这一成就则体现在一定要获得财富和地位。分析理解结构采分点。本句是个带有非限定性定语从句的复合句，要分别采用换序译法和断句译法。主句主语带有一个定语，翻译时只需将之放到所修饰的名词之前即可；非限定性定语从句和其中 where 引导的从句都可当作并列句采用断句法来译。must-haves 译成“一定要获得财富和地位必须获得财富和地位”。 5So when I
32、 read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success，encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts，sports，research or as entrepreneurs，I had my doubts about its success in this area，if not coupled with help f
33、rom parents themselves新成立的改造新加坡委员会已将其目标之一确定为向传统的成功之路发起挑战，鼓励新加坡人去从事其它职业，如艺术、体育、研究或成为企业家。当我获知此情时，我怀疑如果没有家长的配合，这方面的改造可否成功。分析理解结构采分点。本句是个非常长的简单句，译前要仔细推敲它的含义。句首是个长长的时间状语从句，之中还包括一个宾语从句，宾语从句中还带有两个并列的现在分词短语作宾语补足语。译时可将句子断开，同时要按照汉语习惯，扩展词义，将话说完整。new 译成“新成立的”；Remaking Singapore Committee 译成“改造新加坡委员会”；challengin
34、g the traditional roads to success 译成“向传统的成功之路发起挑战”；realize 实现，认识到；在此译为“从事”。本句主句中所说的“its success”指“实现”前面提到的“目标”，后面有个条件句；翻译时要调整语序。 6The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister，formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs：cash，condos，clubs，credit cards
35、 and cars，to help prepare the nation for the future成立改造新加坡委员会是新加坡总理的设想，旨在帮助国家准备应付未来，使新加坡人不要只盯着钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。分析用词选词采分点。a brainchild 脑力劳动的产物(如计划、作品等)，在此指(总理的)设想；理解结构采分点。to make Singaporeans look beyond the five Cs：cash，condos，clubs，credit cards and cars 使新加坡人不要只盯着钞票、公寓、俱乐部、信用卡和汽车。此处翻译要根据英语和汉语的习惯，将肯
36、定变为否定。 7But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committees success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence但如果没有家庭单位的参与，这种行动将会是一场失败之战，因为我认为只有彻底改变独立 37 年来形成的一种整体文化，改造新加坡委员会才能取得成功。分析理解结构采分点。此句可用换序译法，同时将被动变主动，即
37、将if the family unit itself is not involved 译成“如果没有家庭单位的参与”；句首的 it 指的是上一句的 the government wants to do something about the countrys preoccupation with material success，在翻译中要译全。the committees success is rooted in 也要将被动变主动，译为“扎根于”，“在于”。 8Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundr
38、ed-marksTuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life家长们不应当使孩子禁锢于“我要得 100 分”的约束。学科的课程决定不了生活中的成败。分析用词选词采分点。Mantra(印度教和佛教中的)曼特罗，祷文，符咒；在此 drown their children in mantras 可译成“把孩子禁锢在(紧箍咒中)”；本句中 I want hundred marks 是介词 of 的宾语，因此各词之间都加上了连字符号，译为“我要得 100 分”；be-all 全部；end-all 结尾，最终目标；因此第二句可译作“学科的课程决
39、定不了生活中的成败”或“学科的课程并不是生活的一切”。 9 Orion天猎户星座 分析基本素质采分点。Orion 是天文学专有名词，表示“猎户星座”。 10However，the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents然而，这种呵护经济成就感的文化根深蒂固，许多家长的思想倾向也是如此。分析理解结构采分点。本句是个并列句。前面一句的主语带有一个定语从句，翻译时可将定语从句放到它所修饰的名词前；后面一句是倒装句，翻译时要按倒装顺序来译。
40、11It is now wait-and-see咱们现在拭目以待分析用词选词采分点。wait-and-see 等着瞧，等看清形势再说；在此译作“拭目以待”更恰当。二、PART 2 Chinese-Engl(总题数：1，分数：1.00)2. 论想象力的培养 我的讲话是主张培养想象力。 那么，我是从什么意义上使用“想象力”这个词的呢? “想象力”一词的定义是：“构思出理想图画的能力”；“向自己或他人描述不在眼前的事物的能力。”我在下面的讲话使用“想象力”这个词时，就具有这样的含义。 沿着这条思路，我相信可以把我的意思讲清楚。不在眼前的事物是什么呢?例如历史就是。历史讲的是过去的事情。从某种意义上来
41、说，历史并不存在于脑中就是说，你看不到过去的事情；但是学习历史能使你得到并增强理解不在眼前的事物的能力。因此我愿向你们推荐历史课，那是一门最值得学习的课程。 （分数：1.00）_正确答案：( On the Cultivation of the Imagination I address these words in favor of the cultivation of the imagination. In what sense, then, do I use the word “imagination“? The meaning of “imagination“ is “the power
42、 of forming ideal pictures“; “the power of representing absent things to ourselves and to others.“ That is the sense in which I shall use the word “imagination“ in the course of my address. Now follow out this thought and I think I can make my meaning clear. Absent things! Take history. History deal
43、s with the things of the past. They are absent in a sense, from your minds that is to say you cannot see them; but the study of history qualifies you and strengthens your capacity for understanding things that are not present to you, and thus I wish to recommend history to you as a most desirable co
44、urse of study. )解析：1我的讲话是主张培养想象力。I address these words in favor of the cultivation of the imagination分析理解表达采分点。英语中为了强调目的，常用目的状语来表达；本句中的“主张”可以译成介词短语 in favor of 作状语；原句(汉语中)的主系表结构在英语中用主谓宾结构+状语来表达。2“想象力”一词的定义是：“构思出理想图画的能力”，“向自己或他人描述不在眼前的事物的能力。”The meaning of“imagination”is“the power of forming ideal pi
45、ctures”；“the power of representing absent things to ourselves and to others.”分析理解表达采分点。汉语中常将定语放在所修饰的中心词前，之间用“的”连接；而在英语中定语常用一个短语或从句来表达，位置也较灵活。因此本句中的定语“构思出理想图画”“向自己或他人描述不在眼前的事物”可借助于分词短语来构成。 3我在下面的讲话使用“想象力”这个词时，就具有这样的含义。That is the sense in which I shall use the word“imagination”in the course of my add
46、ress分析理解表达采分点。汉语强调意合，结构较松散，因此简单句较多，而英语强调形合，结构较严密，因此长句较多；汉译英时注意借助各种手段将汉语短句连成长句；本句要突出的是“就具有这样的含义”，因此主句不妨用主系表结构来表示，后面带一个定语从句。 4不在眼前的事物是什么呢?例如历史就是。Absent things! Take history分析理解表达采分点。本文因是一篇讲话，所以用口语体较多；翻译时要随着讲话者的思路走。此处就是讲话者在讲话过程中的思索，所以可用省略句来体现；而原文的设问句可用感叹句来表达讲话者的茫然。后面的简单句为反映口语体，也译成 Take history，将 for ex
47、ample 省略了。 5从某种意义上来说，历史并不存在于脑中就是说，你看不到过去的事情；但是学习历史能使你得到并增强理解不在眼前的事物的能力。因此我愿向你们推荐历史课，那是一门值得学习的课程。They are absent in a sense，from your mindsthat is to say you cannot see them；but the study of history qualifies you and strengthens your capacity for understanding things that are not present to you，and thus I wish to recommend history to you as a most desirable course of study分析理解表达采分点。此处有好几个句子，而英语中若分句过多，会产生句子结构混乱，因此采用将几个句子合译为一个复合句的方法；原句第一个分号之前的内容用 they are absentfrom your minds 这一结构来体现。后面表转折的分句及最终得出的结论用一个并列句来表达，用顺译法和并句法来译即可，但要注意汉译英时定语的位置。
