1、公共英语(四级)6 及答案解析(总分：11.97，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section I Listening(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Name: Henry Alfred Kissinger Birthday: May 27, 1923 Nationality: 1 Birthplace: Germany Major: 2science Experience: 1938: Went to the U. S. 1943 1946: Served in the U. S. Army 1954 1969: Taught at 3 University 1969: Entered 4ser
2、vice 5:Won Nobel Peace Prize （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、PART B(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1).Apart from stealing software, for what reason was Kevin Mitnick arrested? （分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(2).How many years did Kevin Mitnick serve in Federal Prison?（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(3).In what respects was Mr. Mitn
3、ick confined?（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(4).Since his release from prison, Mr. Mitnick appeared on television as an expert offering advice about_.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(5).When did he publish his book, The Art of Deception?（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_三、PART C Direction(总题数：3，分数：3.00)(1).Whats the relationship between Tom and St
4、eve?（分数：0.33）A.Uncle and nephew.B.Cousins.C.Brothers.D.Close friends.(2).Becoming a doctor is _idea.（分数：0.33）A.TomsB.StevesC.Steves fathersD.Toms fathers(3).What did Tom tell Steves father?（分数：0.33）A.Steve was quite sure that he wanted to be a doctor.B.It was too early for Steve to decide his future
5、.C.Steve wanted to be a photographer.D.Steve wanted to study medical photography.(1).According to the woman, how much money should people save for themselves?（分数：0.33）A.3 6 months of monthly salary.B.13% of salary.C.$10.D.Not mentioned.(2).Whats the biggest mistake people make?（分数：0.33）A.They do not
6、 think $10 is a large sum of money.B.They sacrifice movie, beer for bank deposit.C.They seldom have fixed deposit.D.They tend to live from paycheck to paycheck.(3).What does “Pay yourself first“ refer to?（分数：0.33）A.Take more education and make yourself promoted quickly.B.When you get your paycheck,
7、save some portion of it.C.Lend money from bank when you want to prepare for the future.D.Accumulate money by all means.(1).What is the main thought expressed in this appeal?（分数：0.33）A.The museums are a financial success.B.People are leaving New York too rapidly.C.The public should support cultural i
8、nstitutions.D.Crocker Band wants new depositors.(2).What are people encouraged to do?（分数：0.33）A.Leave New York to other cities.B.Go after success when they visit museums.C.Give financial help to museums.D.Go to the museums every day.(3).Why are museums having problems?（分数：0.33）A.Not enough tourists.
9、B.Reduction in government support.C.People are not interested in art any more.D.Making their work less hard.四、Section II Use of E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Each company has many “publics who should be able not only recognize its name 【21】 to correctly identify its industry and its 【22】 line. These publics inclu
10、de present customers and stockholders as well as banks, insurance companies, stockbrokers, and securities 【23】 who supply the company with essential services and capital. The 【24】 names of many well-established companies can be a of misinformation, thereby 【25】 communication with them. This was the
11、problem that faced Michigan Seamless Tube Company a company with sales of 128 million a year. In the first 【26】 ,the companys name tells us that it is located in Michigan 【27】 that it manufactures seamless tubing. What the name does not 【28】 to most people is the fact Michigan Seamless Tube also has
12、 operations in five 【29】 states and has a varied product line specialty forgings, broaching machines, tools, and steel bars in addition to seamless tubing. The problem was 【30】 by the companys 【31】 , which operated 【32】 their own names and were not clearly identified with the 【33】 company. Customers
13、, suppliers, and the financial community did not see Michigan Seamless Tube as a 【34】 based metal producer. They perceived it only as a small, 【35】 , regional manufacturing company. The companys 【36】 decided to adopt a new corporate identity. The 【37】 point for this change was the company name. The
14、new name had to be one that could encompass all of the companys products and subsidiaries, a name that would correctly project the image of a 【38】 corporation. After considering many different possibilities, management decided on a 【39】 word: Quanes a name 【40】from a combination of the first three l
15、etters of the word “ quality“ and the first three letters of the Latin word “nex“, which means connection. （分数：1.00）A.andB.butC.howeverD.eitherA.productionB.productC.assemblyD.byproductA.analyticalB.analystC.analysisD.analystsA.businessB.cooperationC.incorporateD.corporateA.limitingB.limitsC.limitD.
16、limitedA.glanceB.viewC.watchD.considerationA.andB.butC.soD.howeverA.passB.transferC.conveyD.transmitA.elseB.othersC.otherD.restA.decreasedB.increasinglyC.increasedD.compoundA.headquartersB.plantsC.agentsD.subsidiariesA.inB.underC.withD.haveA.parentB.motherC.head officeD.originalA.broadlyB.sizablyC.c
17、ompetitivelyD.largelyA.specializedB.specialC.specialtyD.specializationA.managementsB.managerialC.managersD.managementA.firstB.startC.beginD.startingA.diversificationB.diversifyingC.diversifyD.diversifiedA.createdB.coinedC.madeD.imaginedA.resultedB.compoundedC.derivedD.changed五、Section III Reading(总题
18、数：4，分数：4.00)In the late years of the nineteenth century, “capital“ and “labour“ were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modem lines. Many old firms was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the
19、 new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal
20、and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. Meanwhile the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers. The growth of the limited
21、 liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duti
22、es of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. During the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the worlds movement towards indu
23、strialization Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable“ classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate their orders to the
24、management. On the other hand “shareholding“ meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization. The “shareholders“ as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of employees in the company in which he held shares, and
25、his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. he paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the workers and their demands, but even he had seldom familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal syst
26、em of the old family business. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal ter
27、ms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lookout taught the two parties to respect each others strength and understand the value of fair negotiation. （分数：1.00）(1).The author says that old family firms（分数：0.20）A.were ruined by the younger generations.
28、B.failed for lack of individual initiative.C.lacked efficiency compared with modem companies.D.were able to supply adequate services to taxpayers.(2).The growth of limited liability companies resulted in（分数：0.20）A.the separation of capital from management.B.the ownership of capital by managers.C.the
29、 emergence of capital and labor as two classes.D.the participation of shareholders in land ownership.(3).The text indicates that（分数：0.20）A.some countries developed quickly because of the emergence of the limited liability company.B.the tide of industrialization would wide benefited British sharehold
30、ers greatly.C.shareholders contributed a lot to the fast growth of the British economy.D.the system of shareholding impaired the management of modem companies.(4).We learn from the text that（分数：0.20）A.shareholders often cast negative influence on the well-being of workers.B.owners of traditional fir
31、m enjoyed a good relationship with their employees.C.limited liability companies were too large to run smoothly.D.trade unions had a positive role on workers and the management.(5).The author appears to be very critical of（分数：0.20）A.family firm owners.B.shareholders.C.managers.D.landowners.The fridg
32、e is considered necessary. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food list appeared with the label: “Store in the refrigerator.“ In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthy. The milkman came every day, the grocer, the butcher (肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered
33、 two or three times each week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus(剩余)bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country. The
34、invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. Many well-tried techniques already existed natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling. What refrigeration did promote was marketing marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks,
35、marketing dead bodies of animals around the world in search of a good price. So most of the worlds fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the rich countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fri
36、dges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge. The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happin
37、ess has been not important. If you dont believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may not eat the hamburgers, but at least youll get rid of that terrible hum. （分数：1.00）(1).The statement “In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and heal
38、thily.“ suggests that（分数：0.20）A.the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties.B.the author was not accustomed to fridges even in his fifties.C.there was no fridge in the authors home in the 1950s.D.the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s.(2).Why does
39、the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?（分数：0.20）A.People would not buy more food than was necessary.B.Food was delivered to people two or three times a week.C.Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily.D.People had effective ways to preserve their food.(3).Who
40、benefited the least from fridges according to the author?（分数：0.20）A.Inventors.B.Consumers.C.Manufacturers.D.Travelling salesmen.(4).Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridges negative effect on the environment?（分数：0.20）A.Hum away continuously.B.Climatically almost un
41、necessary.C.Artificially-cooled space.D.With mild temperatures.(5).What is the authors overall attitude toward fridges?（分数：0.20）A.Neutral.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Compromising.Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, most of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of a
42、dverse circumstances, deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states “ invest “ in institutions of learning to get back “interest“ in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Educ
43、ation, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctuated by textbooks that purchasable wells of wisdom what would civilization be like without its benefits? So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births but our spiritual o
44、utlook would be different. We would lay less stress on “facts and figures“ and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and the capacity of a man is to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of
45、“college“ imaginable. Among tribal people all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equipped for life. It is the ideal condition of the “equal start“ which only our most progressive forms of modern education
46、try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no “illiterates“ if the term can be applied to peoples without a script while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and
47、 in England in 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of “civilized“ nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the “happy few“ during the past centuries. Education in the wilderness is not a m
48、atter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry, which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents and therefore the jungles and the savannahs know of no
49、“juvenile delinquency“. No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to “buy“ an education for his child. （分数：1.00）(1).Why do modern states invest in institutions of learning?（分数：0.20）A.To get a repayment for what an individuals education has cost.B.To get
