1、公共英语(四级)3 及答案解析(总分：11.98，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section I Listening(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Information about Peters Favorite Hobbies（分数：1.00）(1).Indoor hobby is for the purpose of 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(2).Whom does he enjoy being with for indoor activity?（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(3).Indoor activity helps Peter to keep healthy an
2、d 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(4).His outdoor hobby is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(5).For outdoor activity, he enjoys classifying 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_二、PART B(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Information about British Economy（分数：1.00）(1).British economy enjoyed 5 years of strong economic 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(2).Average GDP growth per year i
3、s 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(3).The outlook for the British economy is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(4).The driving factor of this years economic growth is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(5).The most dynamic industry in recent years is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_三、PART C Direction(总题数：3，分数：3.00)(1).What kind of people dont need a ticket?（分
4、数：0.25）A.A group of 4 children.B.Children not more than 4 years old.C.Those who ride every day.D.Those who are free from work.(2).What is the cost of a round trip?（分数：0.25）A.Two dollars.B.Four dollars.C.More than that of a one-way trip.D.Double that of a one-way trip.(3).What is the least amount of
5、money for the tickets that machines sell?（分数：0.25）A.One dollar.B.40 dollars.C.4. 95 dollars.D.20 dollars.(4).At least how much money must be added to an old ticket for a new one?（分数：0.25）A.40 dollars.B.7. 95 dollars.C.5 cents.D.50 cents.(1).What is the main thought expressed in this appeal?（分数：0.33）
6、A.The museums are a financial success.B.People are leaving New York too rapidly.C.The public should support cultural institutions.D.Crocker Band wants new depositors.(2).What are people encouraged to do?（分数：0.33）A.Leave New York to other cities.B.Go after success when they visit museums.C.Give finan
7、cial help to museums.D.Go to the museums every day.(3).Why are museums having problems?（分数：0.33）A.Not enough tourists.B.Reduction in government support.C.People are not interested in art any more.D.Making their work less hard.(1).According to the woman, how much money should people save for themselv
8、es?（分数：0.33）A.3 6 months of monthly salary.B.13% of salary.C.$10.D.Not mentioned.(2).Whats the biggest mistake people make?（分数：0.33）A.They do not think $10 is a large sum of money.B.They sacrifice movie, beer for bank deposit.C.They seldom have fixed deposit.D.They tend to live from paycheck to payc
9、heck.(3).What does “Pay yourself first“ refer to?（分数：0.33）A.Take more education and make yourself promoted quickly.B.When you get your paycheck, save some portion of it.C.Lend money from bank when you want to prepare for the future.D.Accumulate money by all means.四、Section II Use of E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)
10、According to government statistics, men of all social classes in Britain visit pubs quite often, 【21】 the kind of pub they go to may be different and their reasons for going there 【22】 ,too. At present, they often take their wives or girl-friends, which 【23】 to be the case. The fact is that the typi
11、cal English pub is changing, partly 【24】 the licensing laws not being so strict as they 【25】 ,but also because publicans are trying to 【26】 away with the old Victorian 【27】 of the pub and 【28】 provide couples with an atmosphere where they can both feel happy. Pub used not to open 【29】 at certain tim
12、es. The result was that they were usually 【30】 with men who seemed to be drinking as much as possible in the time 【31】 . But that kind of pub is quickly becoming a thing of the past. Curiously enough, the old British licensing laws, which foreigners found so objectionable and absurd, were 【32】 intro
13、duced as a 【33】 measure to stop workers drinking in the World War I. 【34】 , the strong Puritanical 【35】 in Parliament took 【36】of the law and 【37】 it. Opening hours are 【38】 limited to eight hours a day, but the publican can now choose which hours 【39】 him best. And nowadays you can even get a cup o
14、f coffee if you prefer 【40】 beer. But in spite of this the Puritans would never dream of admitting that a pub could become a repeatable place. （分数：1.00）A.andB.thoughC.whenD.asA.disagreeB.divergeC.varyD.deviateA.used notB.not usedC.usedD.is usedA.becauseB.because ofC.forD.in thatA.wereB.areC.usedD.ha
15、d beenA.takeB.doC.keepD.goA.sightB.imageC.appearanceD.perceptionA.thenB.insteadC.furtherD.stillA.exceptB.except forC.onlyD.only forA.coveredB.crowdedC.fullD.plentyA.availableB.properC.probableD.accessibleA.ordinarilyB.generallyC.originallyD.formerlyA.perpetualB.temporaryC.uniformD.temperateA.Neverth
16、elessB.HoweverC.AfterwardsD.FurthermoreA.factorB.elementC.componentD.atomA.advantageB.profitC.useD.chargeA.retainedB.containedC.maintainedD.protectedA.evenB.justC.butD.stillA.suitB.matchC.meetD.agreeA.againstB.forC.withD.to五、Section III Reading(总题数：4，分数：4.00)Many sentences used to describe monetary
17、policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing“ or “a touch on the brakes“, makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the troth. The relation between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long, variable lags before policy changes have any effect
18、 on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel. Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about. Average inflation in the big seven i
19、ndustrial economies fell to a mere 2.3 % last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5 % this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s. It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In
20、 late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that Americas inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6% in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage poin
21、t below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past few years, inflation has been continually lower than expected in Britain and America. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since con
22、ventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially that of America, have little productive slack. Americas capacity utilization, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemp
23、loyment the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past. Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have up-ended the old economic models which were based upon th
24、e historical link between growth and inflation. （分数：1.00）(1).According to the text, making monetary policy changes（分数：0.20）A.is comparable to driving a car.B.is similar to carrying out scientific work.C.will not influence the economy immediately.D.will have an immediate impact on the inflation rate.
25、(2).From the text we learn that（分数：0.20）A.there is a clear relationship between inflation and interest rates.B.the economy always follows particular trends.C.the current economic problems are entirely predictable.D.the present economic situation is better than expected.(3).The text suggests that（分数：
26、0.20）A.the previous economic models are still applicable.B.an extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation.C.a high unemployment rate will result from inflation.D.interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy.(4).By saying “This is no flash in the pan“(Para.3, lines 5) ,the author mean
27、s that（分数：0.20）A.the low inflation rate will continue.B.the inflation rate will rise again.C.inflation will disappear entirely.D.there is no inflation at present.(5).How does the author feel about the present situation?（分数：0.20）A.Tolerant.B.Indifferent.C.Disappointed.D.Surprised.Recently housing is
28、recognized as a “socially determinant variable“. In France, housing is the main item of expenditure in the family budget ( accounting for an average of 29 percent), and many families would be unable to find decent housing without help from the State. For a long time, the main problem was the housing
29、 shortage but in recent years the deterioration of housing conditions has been giving even greater cause for concern. Despite extensive construction programs, the problem of housing for the most underprivileged population groups has not been solved. According to the so-called Petrequin Report, betwe
30、en 2 and 3 million families had serious difficulties meeting their housing costs and were living in precarious and uncomfortable conditions. Policies designed to address the housing problem have shifted over the past few decades from a macroeconomic approach promoting construction to housing subsidi
31、es. The reasons for this shift agree with the determination to limit public spending and to avoid some of the perverse effects of macroeconomic policies. The State has to some extent ceased to finance housing, especially the construction of new projects, with the result that the cost is now chiefly
32、and directly borne by the family budget. Many underprivileged families, which were excluded from low-rent housing for various reasons (selection of tenants, saturation of existing capacity, insolvency), had no alternative but to purchase their own home and were encouraged to do so without restraint
33、by the easy terms of housing loans. The housing sector thus contributed to the development of the “economy of indebtedness“. It should indeed be emphasized that “widespread home ownership through resource to borrowing could only be to the detriment of low-income families“. In Belgium, the quality of
34、 housing, considered the prime indicator of housing deprivation, heaves much to be desired. Low-rent housing projects have been cut back as part of the austerity policy pursued by the national and regional governments, and low-income households are finding it increasingly difficult to find somewhere
35、 to live. The number of homeless has also taken on alarming proportions. An estimated 3,000 persons spend the night in refuges, but the figure is probably much higher. Moreover, the number of homeless women and young persons is increasing. （分数：1.00）(1).In the authors opinions, housing is _.（分数：0.20）
36、A.a problem solved only by the society and not by individualsB.invariable and unchangeableC.not determined by the societyD.socially determinant and changeable(2).Recently, people more concern about _.（分数：0.20）A.the housing shortage and the housing deprivation in BelgiumB.the deterioration of housing
37、 conditionsC.the governments macroeconomic and microeconomic policiesD.how to buy their own houses by the aid of the government(3).Why has the government shifted its policies from a macroeconomic approach promoting construction to housing subsidies?（分数：0.20）A.To increase its domestic budget.B.To lim
38、it public spending and to avoid some of the perverse effects of macroeconomic policies.C.To address the housing problem.D.To help the low-income families have decent houses.(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（分数：0.20）A.In most countries, housing is the main item
39、of expenditure in the family budget.B.In Belgium, low-rent housing projects have been cut back by the national and regional governments so that the number of homeless has increased greatly.C.The government determined to aid the construction of new projects.D.In Belgium, the quality of housing meets
40、the consumers need.(5).The main topic of the passage is _.（分数：0.20）A.housing problemB.the difficulties to buy a houseC.how to get a housing loanD.the life of the under-privileged people in BelgiumSome people ought to defend the workaholic. These people are unjustly accused, abused, and defamed often
41、, termed sick or morbid or on the border of pathology. About 30% of American business and commerce is carried on the shoulders of workaholics. The ratio might exist in art and science too. Workaholics are the achievers, the excelers. There is a national conspiracy against excellence and undue admira
42、tion of commonness and mediocrity. It is as if we are against those who make uncommon sacrifices because they enjoy doing something. Some famous psychologists say that the workaholic has an inferiority complex which leads to over- compensation. This is certainly not the case. Inferiority, or low est
43、eem, describes laziness more accurately than it describes dedication. We do not seem to realize that very little excellence is achieved by living a well-balanced life. Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many things, including family and frien
44、dship. The accusation is made that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But guilt can exist in the balanced life also. Think how many “normal“ people and middle-ages who have never done anything well they are going to settle for less than what they could have become. （分数：1.00
45、）(1).From this passage we know that workaholic is a term referring to those（分数：0.20）A.who enjoy work more than anything else.B.who make greater contributions than others.C.who make uncommon sacrifice in their personal life.D.All of the above.(2).The authors main concern in this passage is to（分数：0.20
46、）A.point out the role the workaholic plays in the American economy.B.defend people who are addicted to work.C.encourage us not to worry about our imperfection.D.consider the difficulties that confront us at middle-age.(3).The author of the passage would most likely agree that the workaholic（分数：0.20）
47、A.is mentally ill.B.performs an insignificant proportion of American business.C.will not have the regrets that many “normal“ people face at middle-age.D.suffers from low serf-esteem.(4).According to this passage,_（分数：0.20）A.Freud led a well-balanced life.B.workaholics can be helped.C.workaholics sho
48、uld be admired.D.so-called “normal“ people are truly the sick people among us.(5).According to the author, one can hardly achieve excellence unless one（分数：0.20）A.lives an abnormal life.B.sacrifices friendship and family.C.has total devotion to work.D.ignores popular opinions.If the population of the
49、 earth goes on increasing at its current rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life in the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends go on, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on the earth will make it neces
