1、公共英语(四级)27 及答案解析(总分：11.98，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section I Listening(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Name: Henry Alfred Kissinger Birthday: May 27, 1923 Nationality: 1 Birthplace: Germany Major: 2science Experience: 1938: Went to the U. S. 1943 1946: Served in the U. S. Army 1954 1969: Taught at 3 University 1969: Entered 4se
2、rvice 5:Won Nobel Peace Prize （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、PART B(总题数：1，分数：1.00)When did this story happen? on a 6. 1 What the author and his wife are waiting for? 7. 2 The Hole Mill belongs to 8. 3 What color is the sweater was dressed in? 9. 4 A second figure appeared behind 10. 5
3、 （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、PART C Direction(总题数：3，分数：3.00)(1).How does the man feel?（分数：0.33）A.Sick.B.Dizzy.C.Exhausted and weak.D.Painful.(2).What happened to the man four years ago?（分数：0.33）A.He had a minor operation.B.He had pneumonia.C.He had a car accident.D.He had long afte
4、reffects.(3).What seems to be the problem with the man?（分数：0.33）A.He overworks.B.He has a cold.C.He does not stay at home often enough.D.The work he does.(1).According to the passage, what did nature represent to Isadora Duncan?（分数：0.25）A.Something to conquer.B.A model for movement.C.A place to find
5、 peace.D.A symbol of disorder.(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an area of dance that Isadora Duncan worked to change?（分数：0.25）A.The music.B.The stage sets.C.Costumes.D.Movements.(3).Compared to those of the ballet, Isadora Duncans costumes were less_.（分数：0.25）A.costlyB.c
6、olorfulC.gracefulD.restrictive(4).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：0.25）A.The evolution of dance in the 20th century.B.Artists of the last century.C.Natural movement in dance.D.A pioneer in modem dance.(1).Why did the ancestors of Gypsies leave their homes?（分数：0.33）A.They liked traveling.B.The r
7、easons are unknown.C.They were driven out of their homes.D.They wanted to find a better place to live in(2).What is the attitude of some people towards Gypsies?（分数：0.33）A.They are unfriendly to Gypsies.B.They admire the musical talent of the Gypsies.C.They are envious of Gypsies.D.They try to put up
8、 with Gypsies.(3).What measure has been taken to help Gypsy children?（分数：0.33）A.They are now taught in their own language.B.They are now allowed to attend local schoolsC.Special schools have been set up for them.D.Permanent homes have been built for them.四、Section II Use of E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Some call
9、 it the Smart Shooter, a new rifle for American infantry troops that is two weapons in one, is accurate up to 1,000 yards and in 【B1】 fires 【B2】 corners. Its message to enemies is that they can run but they cant hide. Still in the development phase, the rifle for 2006 has just been 【B3】 off with gre
10、at 【B4】 by the Pentagon to members of Congress who will be asked to 【B5】 the money. The makers, Alliant Techsystems, say that the weapon will revolutionize 【B6】 combat much as the machine gun. Pentagon jargon has given the new gun a (an) 【B7】 title; the Objective Individual Combat Weapon. 【B8】 one t
11、rigger, the rifle can fire a standard 5. 56mm Nato bullet and a 20mm high explosive shell that will burst in the air. It can 【B9】 shrapnel behind, 【B10】 or even from the side of enemy troops who have taken 【B11】 behind a building. The shell can be 【B12】 to explode after a short delay. The weapons 1,
12、000 yard accuracy is twice 【B13】 of other rifles, made possible by a laser system built into the sight. This rangefinder fixes the target, measures the distance and passes it along to a computer chip in the shell. The gunsight has an infrared lens for night 【B14】 It can also have video camera with a
13、 zoom lens that is linked to a video display attached to the soldiers helmet, allowing him to aim 【B15】 without exposing himself to enemy return fire. But there are snags still be 【B16】 out. Two men were 【B17】 when a shell burst in a barrel during firing tests. The rifle weighs more than 181b. There
14、 are questions whether its electronic innards will be rugged enough for rain, snow and difficult 【B18】 . Michael Klare, a professor of peace and world security issues and a board member of the Arms Control Association, says that the Pentagon is seeking this combination of firepower and automation to
15、 compensate for the uncertain aim of GIs. He said: “ Soldiers wont have to worry about careful steady aim. Theyll just look 【B19】 the viewfinder and 【B20】 the trigger. “ （分数：1.00）A.realityB.affectC.effectD.operationA.atB.inC.beyondD.aroundA.putB.shownC.checkedD.givenA.prideB.anxietyC.honorD.expectat
16、ionA.put upB.count inC.pay forD.look forA.landB.groundC.earthD.baseA.novelB.brilliantC.powerfulD.awkwardA.UsedB.FixedC.UsingD.FixingA.sprayB.spatterC.splashD.sprinkleA.overB.onC.aboveD.uponA.aimB.coverC.risksD.heedA.estimatedB.calculatedC.seededD.timedA.asB.thatC.thanD.muchA.visionB.sightC.observati
17、onD.speculationA.exactlyB.preciselyC.accuratelyD.correctlyA.removedB.ironedC.madeD.drawnA.injuredB.hurtC.harmedD.woundedA.terrainB.domainC.fieldD.territoryA.atB.overC.intoD.throughA.pushB.pullC.pressD.jerk五、Section III Reading(总题数：4，分数：4.00)In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprise
18、s directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “ human-relations“ experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become
19、 powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. The worker and employee are anxious, not only because
20、 they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive hum
21、an beings. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter
22、of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge
23、their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than ones fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of produc
24、tion or to 19th century “free enterprise“ capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themse
25、lves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities those of love and of reason are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man. （分数：1.00）(1).By “a well-oiled co
26、g in the machinery“ the author intends to render the idea that man is（分数：0.20）A.an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of society, though functioning smoothlyB.a necessary part of the society though each individuals function is negligibleC.a humble component of the society, especially when
27、working smoothlyD.working in complete harmony with the rest of the society(2).The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that_.（分数：0.20）A.they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existenceB.they are deprived of their individuality and independenceC.they have no genui
28、ne satisfaction or interest in lifeD.they are likely to lose their jobs(3).From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those_.（分数：0.20）A.who are higher up in their social statusB.who prove better than their fellow-competitorsC.who could keep far away from this competitive wo
29、rldD.who are at the bottom of the society(4).To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should .（分数：0.20）A.take the fundamental realities for grantedB.enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesC.offer higher wages to the workers and employeesD.resort to the production mode
30、of our ancestors(5).The authors attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of_.（分数：0.20）A.toleranceB.suspicionC.approvalD.dissatisfactionIts hardly news that the immigration system is a mess. Foreign nationals have long been slipping across the border with fake papers, and visito
31、rs who arrive in the U. S. legitimately often overstay their legal welcome without being punished. But since Sept 11, its become clear that terrorists have been shrewdly factoring the weaknesses of our system into their plans. In addition to their mastery of forging passports, at least three of the
32、19 Sept. 11 hijackers (劫机者) were here on expired visas. Thats been a safe bet until now. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) (移民归化局) lacks the resources, and apparently the inclination, to keep track of the estimated 4 million foreigners who have intentionally overstayed their welcome.
33、But this laxness (马虎) toward immigration fraud may be about to change. Congress has already taken some modest steps. The U. S. A. Patriot Act, passed in the wake of the Sept. 11 tragedy , requires the FBI, the Justice Department, the State Department and the INS to share more data, which will make i
34、t easier to stop watch-listed terrorists at the border. But what have really needed, critics say, is even tougher laws and more resources aimed at tightening up border security. Reformers are calling for a rollback of rules that hinder law enforcement. They also want the INS to hire hundreds more bo
35、rder patrol agents and investigators to keep illegal immigrants out and to track them down once theyre here. Reformers also want to see the INS set up a database to monitor whether visa holders actually leave the country when they are required to. All these proposed changes were part of a new border
36、-security bill that passed the House of Representatives but died in the Senate last week. Before Sept. 11, legislation of this kind had been blocked by two powerful lobbies; universities, which rely on tuition from foreign students who could be kept out by the new law, and business, which relies on
37、foreigners for cheap labor. Since the attacks, theyve backed off. The bill would have passed this time but for congressional maneuverings and is expected to be reintroduced and to pass next year. Also on the agenda for next year; a proposal, backed by some influential law-makers, to split the INS in
38、to two agenciesa good cop that would tend to service functions like processing citizenship papers and a bad cop that would concentrate on border inspections, deportation and other functions. One reason for the division, supporters say, is that the INS has in recent years become too focused on servin
39、g tourists and immigrants. After the Sept. 11 tragedy, the INS should pay more attention to serving the millions of ordinary Americans who rely on the nations border security to protect them from terrorist attacks. （分数：1.00）(1).Terrorists have obviously taken advantage of_（分数：0.20）A.the legal privil
40、eges granted to foreigners.B.the excessive hospitality of the American people.C.the irresponsibility of the officials at border checkpoints.D.the low efficiency of the Immigration and Naturalization Service.(2).We learn from the passage that coordinated efforts will be made by various U. S. governme
41、nt agencies to_（分数：0.20）A.refuse the renewing of expired visas.B.ward off terrorist suspects at the border.C.prevent the forgery of immigration papers.D.limit the number of immigrants to the U. S. .(3).It can be inferred from the passage that before Sept. 11, aliens with expired visas_（分数：0.20）A.mig
42、ht have them extended without trouble.B.would be closely watched by FBI agents.C.might stay on for as long as they wished.D.would live in constant fear of deportation.(4).It is believed by many that all these years the INS_（分数：0.20）A.has been serving two contradictory functions.B.has been too libera
43、l in granting visas to tourists and immigrants indiscriminately.C.has over-emphasized its service functions at the expense of the nations security.D.has ignored the pleas of the two powerful lobbies.(5).Before Sept 11, the U. S. Congress had been unable to pass stricter immigration laws because _（分数
44、：0.20）A.they might have kept away foreign students and cheap labor.B.it was difficult to coordinate the efforts of the congressmen.C.education and business circles cared little about nation.D.resources were not available for their enforcement.Proper arrangement of classroom space is important to enc
45、ouraging interaction. Most of us have noticed how important physical setting is to efficiency and comfort when we work. Todays corporations hire human engineering specialists and spend a great deal of time and money to make sure that the physical environments of buildings are fit to the activities o
46、f their inhabitants. Similarly, college classroom space should be designed to encourage the activity of critical thinking. We will move into the twenty-first century, but step into almost any college classroom and you will step back in time at least a hundred years. Desks are normally in straight ro
47、ws, so students can clearly see the teacher but not all their classmates. The assumption behind such an arrangement is obvious: Everything important comes from the teacher. With a little imagination and effort, unless desks are fixed to the floor, the teacher can correct this situation and create sp
48、ace that encourages interchanges among students. In small or standard-size classes, chairs, desks and tables can be arranged in different ways: circles, U-shapes, or semicircles. The primary goal should be for everyone to be able to see everyone else. Larger classes, particularly those held in lectu
49、re halls, unfortunately, allow much less flexibility. Arrangement of the classroom should also make it easy to divide students into small groups for discussion or problem-solving exercises. Small classes with moveable desks and tables present no problem. Even in large lecture halls, it is possible for students to turn arou
