1、公共英语(四级)23 及答案解析(总分：11.97，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section I Listening(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1).In which city does Mr. Hood work?（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(2).What is the other advantage of living in the U. S. besides relaxed attitude?（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(3).The disadvantage Mr. Hood thinks is the waste of_.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(4).The
2、 major threat to world peace is the build-up of_.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(5).What is Mr. Hoods attitude towards the possibility of a world war?（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_二、PART B(总题数：1，分数：1.00)When did this story happen? on a 6. 1 What the author and his wife are waiting for? 7. 2 The Hole Mill belongs to 8. 3 What co
3、lor is the sweater was dressed in? 9. 4 A second figure appeared behind 10. 5 （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、PART C Direction(总题数：3，分数：3.00)(1).What was the main harmful effect of the pests killer DDT on bald eagles?（分数：0.33）A.It limited their supply of food.B.It destroyed many of the
4、ir nests killedC.It many baby bald eagles.D.It made their eggshells too fragile.(2).What measure did the wild life biologists take to increase the number of bald eagles?（分数：0.33）A.They brought in bald eagles from Canada.B.They explored new ways to hatch baby bald eagles.C.They developed new types of
5、 feed for baby bald eagles.D.They found ways to speed up the reproduction of bald eagles.(3).According to the speaker, what is the possible danger facing bald eagle?（分数：0.33）A.Pollution of the environment.B.Over-killing by hunters.C.Destruction of their natural homes.D.A new generation of pest kille
6、rs.(1).Considering natural resources, what should Americans do according to the passage?（分数：0.33）A.They should use less and waste less.B.They should try to help the developing countries with the conversation of resources.C.They should raise money in order to protect the natural resources.D.They shou
7、ld be united as one to fight against the destruction of forests.(2).The value of competition works against the spirit of national cooperation is that_.（分数：0.33）A.it makes people suspicious of the governmentB.it causes people to suspect rather than trust each otherC.it makes it impossible for people
8、to cooperate on the local levelD.it encourages people to gain success through individual hard work(3).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：0.33）A.Americans know shared sacrifice much better than othersB.other countries should sacrifice more for international cooperationC.American cooperatio
9、n is not as good on the national scale as at the local levelD.Americans will be successful in national cooperation in the 21st century(1).Why is Wilt Chamberlain considered a famous basketball player?（分数：0.33）A.Because he led his teams to many championships.B.Because he set as many as 65 different r
10、ecords.C.Because he still played the game after he retired.D.Because he didnt stop playing even when he was seriously injured.(2).What happened to Wilt Chamberlain in 1972?（分数：0.33）A.He lost the final chance to win a championship.B.He was knocked out during one contest.C.He broke a bone in the wrist
11、 during a match.D.He was awarded with a $1.5 million house.(3).What was Wilt Chamberlain determined to do before he retired?（分数：0.33）A.To break the previous records.B.To buy a luxury house.C.To win one more championship for his team.D.To play against the New York team once again.四、Section II Use of
12、E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully 【B1】 only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems inhibited, 【B2】 embarrassed. You have only 【B3】 a commuter train any morning or evening to see the truth of t
13、his. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. 【B4】 , there is here an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, 【B5】 broken, makes the person immediately the object of 【B6】 It is
14、 a well-known fact that the English have a 【B7】 for the discussion of their weather and that, given half a chance, they will talk about it 【B8】 Some people argue that it is because English weather 【B9】 forecast and hence is a source of interest and 【B10】 to everyone. This may be so. 【B11】 Englishmen
15、 cannot have much 【B12】 in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong 【B13】 a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurateor as inaccurateas the weathermen in his 【B14】. The ov
16、erseas visitors may be excused for showing surprise at all the number of references 【B15】 weather that the English make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are 【B16】 by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isnt it?“ “Beautiful! “may well be heard instead o
17、f “Good morning, how are you?“ 【B17】 the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. 【B18】 he wants to start a conversation with an Englishman but is 【B19】 to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of th
18、e weather. It is a safe subject which will 【B20】 an answer from even the most reserved of Englishmen. （分数：1.00）A.entertainedB.relaxedC.amusedD.enlightenedA.yetB.otherwiseC.evenD.thoughA.experienceB.undergoC.travelD.witnessA.ObviouslyB.ContrarilyC.FrequentlyD.PracticallyA.unlessB.ifC.whileD.as ifA.su
19、spicionB.oppositionC.attackD.studyA.passionB.fancyC.necessityD.judgementA.at lengthB.to a great extentC.from their heartD.by all meansA.followsB.predictsC.defiesD.violatesA.contributionB.deductionC.contemplationD.speculationA.StillB.AlsoC.CertainlyD.FundamentallyA.faithB.relianceC.honorD.creditA.ifB
20、.onceC.whenD.whereasA.propositionsB.predictionsC.approvalD.defianceA.aboutB.onC.as toD.toA.replacedB.conductedC.executedD.proposedA.SinceB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.BeforeA.Even ifB.BecauseC.IfD.ForA.at a lossB.at lastC.in factD.on the occasionA.stimulateB.constituteC.furnishD.provoke五、Section III Reading(
21、总题数：4，分数：4.00)In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious association. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honor of Zeus, king of the Olympian Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules
22、against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records dated from 776 B. C. The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no m
23、arried woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events is uncertain, but events included boys gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the moder
24、n Olympic Games. On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honored by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in f
25、act, richly rewarded by their state authorities. How their results was compared with modern standards, we unfortunately have no means of telling. After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A. D. They continued for such a long time because peop
26、le believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics; the idea that a healthy body produced a healthy mind, and that the spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place
27、in Athens in 1886. Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes expenses. The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a to
28、rch, lighted on Mount Olympus by the suns rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern concept
29、ion; the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games. （分数：1.00）(1).In ancient Greece, the Olympic Games_.（分数：0.20）A.were in the nature of a national event with a strong religious colorB.had rules which put foreign participants in a disadvantageous
30、positionC.were merely national athletic festivalsD.were primarily national events with few foreign participants(2).In the early days of ancient Olympic Games_.（分数：0.20）A.all male Greeks were qualified to compete in the GamesB.only male Greek athletes were allowed to participate in the gamesC.all Gre
31、eks, with the exception of women, were allowed to compete in the GamesD.all Greeks, irrespective of sex, religion or social status, were allowed to take part(3).The order of athletic events at the ancient Olympics_.（分数：0.20）A.was considered unimportantB.has not definitely been establishedC.varied ac
32、cording to the number of foreign competitorsD.was decided by Zeus, in whose honor the Games were held(4).Modern athletes results cannot be compared with those of ancient runners because_.（分数：0.20）A.details such as the time were not recorded in the pastB.the Greeks had no means of recording the resul
33、tsC.they are much betterD.they are much worse(5).Nowadays, the athletes expenses are paid for .（分数：0.20）A.by contributionsB.by the athletes themselvesC.out of the prize money of the winnersD.out of the funds raised by the competing nationsBetween the eighth and eleventh centuries A. D. , the Byzanti
34、ne Empire staged an almost unparalleled economic and cultural revival, a recovery that is all the more striking because it followed a long period of severe internal decline. By the early eighth century, the empire had lost roughly two-thirds of the territory it had possessed in the year 600, and its
35、 remaining area was being raided by Arabs and Bulgarians, who at times threatened to take Constantinople and extinguish the empire altogether. The wealth of the state and its subjects was greatly diminished and artistic and literary production had virtually ceased. By the early eleventh century, how
36、ever, the empire had regained almost half of its lost possessions, its new frontiers were secure, and its influence extended far beyond its borders. The economy had recovered, the treasury was full, and art and scholarship had advanced. To consider the Byzantine military, cultural, and economic adva
37、nces as differentiated aspects of a single phenomenon is reasonable. After all, these three forms of progress have gone together in a number of states and civilizations. Rome under Augustus and fifth-century Athens provide the most obvious examples in antiquity. Moreover, an examination of the appar
38、ent sequential connections among military, economic, and cultural forms of progress might help explain the dynamics of historical change. The common explanation of these apparent connections in the case of Byzantium would run like this: when the empire had turned back enemy raids on its own territor
39、y and had begun to raid and conquer enemy territory, Byzantine resources naturally expanded and more money became available to patronize art and literature. Therefore, Byzantine military achievements led to economic advances, which in turn led to cultural revival. No doubt this hypothetical pattern
40、did apply at times during the course of the recovery. Yet it is not clear that military advances invariably came first. Economic advances second and intellectual advances third. In the 860s the Byzantine Empire began to recover from Arab incursions so that by 872 the military balance with the Abbasi
41、d Caliphate had been permanently altered in the empires favor. The beginning of the empires economic revival, however, can be placed between 810 and 830. Finally, the Byzantine revival of learning appears to have begun even earlier. A number of notable scholars and writers appeared by 788 and, by th
42、e last decade of the eighth century, a cultural revival was in full bloom, a revival that lasted until the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Thus the commonly expected order of military revival followed by economic and then by cultural recovery was reversed in Byzantium. In fact, the revival of Byzant
43、ine learning may itself have influenced the subsequent economic and military expansion. （分数：1.00）(1).The primary purpose of the second paragraph is which of the following?（分数：0.20）A.To show that Augustan Rome and fifth -century Athens are examples of cultural, economic, and military expansion agains
44、t which all subsequent cases must be measured.B.To suggest that cultural, economic and military advances have tended to be closely interrelated in different societies.C.To argue that, while the revivals of Augustan Rome and fifth -century Athens were similar, they are unrelated to other historical e
45、xamples.D.To indicate that, wherever possible, historians should seek to make comparisons with the earliest chronological examples of revival.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that by the eleventh century the Byzantine military forces_.（分数：0.20）A.had eliminated the Bulgarian army.B.were compar
46、able in size to the army of Rome under Augustus.C.were strong enough to withstand the Abbasid Caliphates military forces.D.had achieved control of Byzantine governmental structures(3).In the third paragraph, the author most probably provides an explanation of the apparent connections among economic,
47、 military, and cultural development in order to_.（分数：0.20）A.suggest that Byzantium represents a case for which no historical precedent exists.B.set up an order of events that is then shown to be not generally applicable to the case of Byzantium.C.cast aspersions on traditional historical scholarship
48、 about Byzantium.D.suggest that the process of revival in Byzantium does not accords with this model.(4).Which of the following does the author mention as crucial evidence concerning the manner in which the Byzantine revival began?（分数：0.20）A.The Byzantine military revival of the 860s led to economic
49、 and cultural advances.B.The Byzantine cultural revival lasted until 1453.C.The Byzantine economic recovery began in the 900s.D.The revival of Byzantine began toward the end of the eighth century.(5).According to the author, “The common explanation“ of connections between economic, military, arid cultural development is_（分数：0.2
