1、公共英语(四级)11 及答案解析(总分：11.98，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section I Listening(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Name: Henry Alfred Kissinger Birthday: May 27, 1923 Nationality: 1 Birthplace: Germany Major: 2science Experience: 1938: Went to the U. S. 1943 1946: Served in the U. S. Army 1954 1969: Taught at 3 University 1969: Entered 4se
2、rvice 5:Won Nobel Peace Prize （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、PART B(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Information about British Economy（分数：1.00）(1).British economy enjoyed 5 years of strong economic 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(2).Average GDP growth per year is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(3).The outlook for the British eco
3、nomy is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(4).The driving factor of this years economic growth is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_(5).The most dynamic industry in recent years is 1.（分数：0.20）填空项 1:_三、PART C Direction(总题数：3，分数：3.00)(1).What is the problem with the womans watch?（分数：0.25）A.It needs cleaning.B.It needs regular servic
4、ing.C.It needs a new battery.D.It was ruined by water.(2).How much did the womans friend pay for a battery?（分数：0.25）A.$3.99.B.$5.50.C.$6.99.D.$9.50.(3).At what time does the man suggest the woman pick up her watch?（分数：0.25）A.At 10 a. m. tomorrow morning.B.At 3 p. m. this afternoon.C.At 5 p. m. this
5、afternoon.D.In ten minutes.(4).What is special about the shops service?（分数：0.25）A.The shop guarantees the battery for a year.B.The man will clean it at no extra charge.C.The man can repair watches very quickly.D.The shop is offering a special discount.(1).How does the man feel?（分数：0.33）A.Sick.B.Dizz
6、y.C.Exhausted and weak.D.Painful.(2).What happened to the man four years ago?（分数：0.33）A.He had a minor operation.B.He had pneumonia.C.He had a car accident.D.He had long aftereffects.(3).What seems to be the problem with the man?（分数：0.33）A.He overworks.B.He has a cold.C.He does not stay at home ofte
7、n enough.D.The work he does.(1).Considering natural resources, what should Americans do according to the passage?（分数：0.33）A.They should use less and waste less.B.They should try to help the developing countries with the conversation of resources.C.They should raise money in order to protect the natu
8、ral resources.D.They should be united as one to fight against the destruction of forests.(2).The value of competition works against the spirit of national cooperation is that_.（分数：0.33）A.it makes people suspicious of the governmentB.it causes people to suspect rather than trust each otherC.it makes
9、it impossible for people to cooperate on the local levelD.it encourages people to gain success through individual hard work(3).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：0.33）A.Americans know shared sacrifice much better than othersB.other countries should sacrifice more for international coopera
10、tionC.American cooperation is not as good on the national scale as at the local levelD.Americans will be successful in national cooperation in the 21st century四、Section II Use of E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Do you have any knowledge of the space station? A space station is a place 【21】 people can and work on sp
11、ace 【22】 long periods. It orbits the earth, usually about 200 to 300 miles high. A space station may 【23】 as an observatory, laboratory, factory, workshop, warehouse, and fuel depot. Space stations are much larger than manned spacecraft, 【24】 they provide more comforts. Manned spacecraft may 【25】 pe
12、ople between the earth and the space station. Unmanned spacecraft may supply the station 【26】 food, water, equipment, mail and so on. Small space stations can be 【27】 on the earth and launched orbit by 【28】 rockets. Larger stations are 【29】 in space. Rockets or space shuttles 【30】 modules of the sta
13、tion into space, where astronauts assemble them. Old modules can be replaced, and new modules can be 【31】 to expand the station. A space station has 【32】 one docking port 【33】 which a visiting spacecraft can attach itself. Most docking ports 【34】 of a rimmed doorway called a hatch that can connect 【
14、35】 the hatch on the visiting spacecraft to form an airtight seal. When the two hatches open, they form a pressurized tunnel between the station and the visiting spacecraft. The main tasks of a space station crew involve scientific research. For example, they might analyze the 【36】 of micro gravity
15、on various materials, 【37】 the earths surface, or study the stars and planets. Astronauts 【38】 a space station also 【39】 much of their time to the assembly of equipment and the expansion of the stations facilities. This includes 【40】 beams, connecting electrical and gas lines, and welding permanent
16、joints between sections of the station. The crew must also fix or replace broken equipment. （分数：1.00）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.in whichA.inB.atC.withD.forA.serveB.workC.helpD.assistA.whileB.soC.whereasD.whereA.fetchB.takeC.bringD.transportA.withB.withinC.toD.fromA.shapedB.setC.constructedD.establishedA.
17、bigB.largeC.mediumD.littleA.assembledB.constructedC.builtD.manufacturedA.getB.fetchC.carryD.moveA.joinedB.linkedC.connectedD.addedA.at bestB.at mostC.at leastD.at handA.toB.inC.atD.onA.composeB.make upC.consistD.constituteA.forB.withC.andD.toA.strengthB.forceC.affectD.effectsA.watchB.examineC.invest
18、igateD.inspectA.atB.onC.inD.offA.devoteB.connectC.addD.payA.erectB.to erectC.erectingD.erects五、Section III Reading(总题数：4，分数：4.00)Most of us think that, work is the central, dominating fact of life. We spend more than half our conscious hours at work, preparing for work, commute to and from work. Wha
19、t we do there largely determines our standard of living and to a great extent the status we are accorded by our fellow citizens as well. It is sometimes said that because leisure has become more important, the indignities and injustices of work can be pushed into a corner, that because most work is
20、pretty intolerable, the people who do it should compensate for its boredom, frustrations and humiliations by concentrating their hopes on the other parts of their lives. I desperately reject that. For the foreseeable future the material and psychological rewards which work can provide, and the condi
21、tions in which work is done, will continue to play an essential part in determining the satisfaction that life can offer. Yet only a small minority can control the pace at which they work or the conditions in which their work is done; only for a small minority does work offer scope for creativity, i
22、magination, or initiative. Inequality at work and in work is still one of the cruelest and most glaring forms of inequality in our society. We cannot hope to solve the more obvious problems of industrial life, many of which arise directly or indirectly from the frustrations created by inequality at
23、work, unless we tackle it head-on. Still less can we hope to create a decent and human society. The most glaring inequality is that between managers and the rest. For most managers, work is an opportunity and a challenge. Their jobs engage their interest and allow them to develop their abilities. Th
24、ey are constantly learning; they can exercise responsibility; they have a considerable degree of control over their own and others working lives. The most important thing is that they have opportunity to initiate. By contrast, for most manual workers, and for a growing number of white-collar workers
25、, work is a boring, dull, even painful experience. They spend all their working lives in conditions which would be regarded as intolerable for themselves by those who make the decisions which let such conditions continue. The majority have little control over their work; it provides them with no opp
26、ortunity for personal development. Often production is so designed that workers are simply part of the technology. In offices, many jobs are so routine that workers justifiably feel themselves to be mere cogs in the bureaucratic machine. As a direct consequence of their work experience, many workers
27、 feel alienated from their work and their firm, whether it is in public or in private ownership. （分数：1.00）(1).In the writers opinion, people judge others by（分数：0.20）A.the type of work they do.B.the place where they work.C.the time they spend at work.D.the amount of money they earn.(2).According to t
28、he writer, in the future work will（分数：0.20）A.matter less than it does now.B.be as important as it is now.C.be better paid than it is now.D.offer more satisfaction than it does now.(3).What does the writer think is needed to solve our industrial problems?（分数：0.20）A.A reduction in the number of strike
29、s.B.Equality in salaries.C.A more equal distribution of responsibility.D.An improvement in moral standards.(4).What advantages does the writer say managers have over other workers?（分数：0.20）A.They cannot lost their jobs.B.They get time off to attend courses.C.They can work at whatever interests them.
30、D.They can make their own decisions.(5).Working conditions generally remain bad because（分数：0.20）A.the workers are quite satisfied with them.B.no one can decide what to do about them.C.managers see no need to change them.D.office workers want to protect their position.Although there had been various
31、small cameras developed, it was not until George Eastman introduced the Kodak in 1888 that the mass appeal of photography attracted America and Europe and thereafter spread quickly to the far corners of the earth. Eastman called his new famous camera the Kodak for no particular reason except that he
32、 liked the word. It was easy to remember and could be pronounced in any language. An immediate consequence of Eastman s invention was a blizzard of amateur photographs that soon became known as snapshots. The word came from hunters jargon. When a hunter fired a gun from the hip, without taking caref
33、ul aim, it was described as a snapshot. Photographers referred to the process of taking pictures as shooting, and they would take pride in a good days shoot the way country gentlemen would boast about the number of birds brought down in an afternoon. Photography became not only easy but fun because
34、of the Kodak. Almost overnight photography became one of the worlds most popular hobbies. A new and universal folk art was born; the showing of ones latest pictures and the creation of family albums became popular social pastimes. Camera clubs and associations numbered their members in the millions.
35、 One ardent amateur was the French novelist Emile Zola, who took a lot of photographs of his family, friends, and travels. Interviewed about his favorite hobby in 1900, he observed, “I think you cannot say you have thoroughly seen anything until you have got a photograph of it.“ “The little black bo
36、x,“ as the Kodak was affectionately dubbed, revolutionized the way people communicated. “A picture is worth a thousand words“ was the claim and there were literally billions of pictures. In one year alone 1988, the centenary of the invention of the Kodak it is estimated that almost thirty billion we
37、re taken in America alone. The impact of the sale of photographic equipment on the economy is equally mind-boggling. Photography has played an essential role in the media revolution. It has greatly enhanced our ability to convey information, so that the concept of the global village has become a com
38、monplace. Photographs have greatly extended our understanding of and compassion for our fellow human beings. Did Mr. Eastman have the faintest idea of the power residing in his “little black box“ ? （分数：1.00）(1).What was the underlying significance of the invention of the Kodak?（分数：0.20）A.It made the
39、 work of professionals more enjoyable.B.It made picture-taking suddenly popular among ordinary people.C.It marked the beginning of manufacturing small cameras.D.It met the need of photographers in America and Europe.(2).Snapshot, as is explained in the passage, refers to（分数：0.20）A.the shooting of bi
40、rds by hunters.B.the whole process of taking pictures.C.pictures taken at random.D.pictures that were taken after careful preparation.(3).Which of the following is NOT a result brought out by the Kodak according to the passage?（分数：0.20）A.A new folk art came into existence.B.Enjoying pictures became
41、a popular hobby.C.The number of professional photographers increased quickly.D.Camera clubs and associations flourished.(4).From context clues, we can guess that the word “centenary“ (Para.4,line 3) means（分数：0.20）A.celebration.B.one hundred years.C.a noteworthy year.D.an annual celebration(5).The po
42、pularity of photography has not only revolutionized the way people communicate, but it has（分数：0.20）A.benefited the economy to a large extent.B.increased the efficiency of information conveyance.C.improved the understanding between human beings.D.All of the above.The Internet raises major issues and
43、challenges for education, not just in China but all over the world. Yet it simply cannot be ignored in terms of the opportunities and resources that it can offer. We can divide the main issues facing education systems into three groups access, quality and responsibility. Let us consider the Internet
44、 in relation to each of them. First, access. Through the Internet, practically the whole world can be brought into your classroom. Using e-mail makes it possible to have a class whose members are spread all over the world and who may never meet either the teacher or each other face to face. It can p
45、ut students in different countries in easy contact. The information resources available are almost limitless. With the Internet, students and teachers can access the wisdom, experience, skills, and even guidance of others in a way that was only possible for a very privileged few. Next, quality. The
46、Internet does pose serious problems of quality for education systems. Obviously, there is a lot of material on the Internet that no one would want children or students to have uncontrolled access to, but there are other problems which are very difficult to solve. The first is how to handle the sheer
47、 quantity of information available, and how to make it manageable. Because anyone can put information on the Internet, and there are no limits on quantity, it can be almost impossible to find exactly the information that one wants. Teachers and students cannot afford to waste time on unsuccessful se
48、arching. How can we identify the information which will be most useful without overloading ourselves and our students with unnecessary information? How do we select the best information from all that is available? This raises the issue of responsibility. There are few editors or quality controllers
49、on the Internet. The ultimate responsibility for selection and judgment falls to the user, whether teacher or student. Teachers, and still less students, are not experts in every field; what we select may not be what we really want, perhaps is old, even wrong. Any profession must take some collective responsibility in resolving these problems. Conscious and deliberate efforts
