1、公共英语(五级)10 及答案解析(总分：7.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Section II Use of E(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Perhaps there are far 【B1】 wives than I imagine who take it for 【B2】 that housework is neither satisfying nor even important once the basic demands of hygiene and feeding have been 【B3】 But home and family is the one realm in 【
2、B4】 it is really difficult to shake free of ones upbringing and 【B5】 new values. My parents house was impeccably kept; cleanliness was a moral and social virtue, and personal untidiness, visibly old clothes, or long male hair provoked biting jocularity. If that 【B6】 been all, maybe I could have adap
3、ted myself 【B7】 housework on an easy-going, utilitarian basis, refusing the moral overtones 【B8】 still believing in it as something constructive 【B9】 it is part of creating a home. But at the same time my mother 【B10】 to resent doing it, called it drudgery, and convinced me that it wasnt a fit activ
4、ity for an intelligent being. I was the only child, and once I was at school there was no 【B11】 why she should have continued 【B12】 her will to remain housebound, unless, as I suspect, my father would not hear of her having a job of her own. I can now begin to 【B13】 why a woman in a small suburban h
5、ouse, with no infants to look after, who does not 【B14】 reading because she has not had much of an education, and who is intelligent 【B15】 to find neighborly chit-chat boring, should carry the pursuit of microscopic specks of dust to the 【B16】 of fanaticism in an 【B17】 to fill hours and salvage her
6、self-respect. My parents had not even the status-seeking impetus to send me to university that Joes had; my mother 【B18】 me to be “a nice quiet person who wouldnt be 【B19】 in a crowd“ , and it was feared that university education 【B20】 in ingratitude (independence). （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项
7、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、Section III Reading(总题数：3，分数：3.00)Navigation computers, now sold by most car-makers, cost $2,000 and up. No surprise, then, that they are most often found in luxury cars, like Lexus,
8、 BMW and Audi. But it is a developing technology meaning prices should eventually drop and the market does seem to be growing. Even at current prices, a navigation computer is impressive. It can guide you from point to point in most major cities with precise turn-by-turn directions spoken by a clear
9、 human-sounding voice, and written on a screen in front of the driver. The computer works with an antenna that takes signals from no fewer than three of the 24 global positioning system (GPS) satellites. By measuring the time required for a signal to travel between the satellites and the antenna, th
10、e cars location can be pinned down within 100 meters. The satellite signals, along with inputs on speed from a wheel-speed sensor and direction from a meter, determine the cars position even as it moves. This information is combined with a map database. Streets, landmarks and points of interest are
11、included. Most systems are basically identical. The differences come in hardware the way the computer accepts the drivers request for directions and the way it presents the driving instructions. On most systems, a driver enters a desired address, motorway junction or point of interest via a touch sc
12、reen or disc. But the Lexus screen goes a step further: you can point to any spot on the map screen and get directions to it. BMWs system offers a set of cross hairs that can be moved across the map ( you have several choices of map scale) to pick a point you d like to get to. Audis screen can be sw
13、itched to TV reception. Even the voices that recite the directions can differ, with better systems like BMWs and Lexuss having a wider vocabulary. The instructions are available in French, German, Spanish, Dutch and Italian, as well as English. The driver can also choose parameters for determining t
14、he route: fastest, shortest or no freeways, for example. （分数：1.00）(1).We learn from the passage that navigation computers_.（分数：0.20）A.will greatly promote sales of automobilesB.may help solve potential traffic problemsC.are likely to be accepted by more driversD.will soon be viewed as a symbol of lu
15、xury(2).With a navigation computer, a driver will easily find the best route to his destination（分数：0.20）A.by inputting the exact addressB.by indicating the location of his carC.by checking his computer databaseD.by giving vocal orders to the computer(3).Despite their varied designs, navigation compu
16、ters used in cars_.（分数：0.20）A.are of more or less the same priceB.provide directions in much the same wayC.work on more or less the same principlesD.receive instructions from the same satellites(4).The navigation computer functions_.（分数：0.20）A.by means of a direction finder and a speed detectorB.bas
17、ically on satellite signals and a map databaseC.mainly through the reception of turn-by-turn directionsD.by using a screen to display satellite signals(5).The navigation systems in cars like Lexus, BMW and Audi are mentioned to show（分数：0.20）A.the immaturity of the new technologyB.the superiority of
18、the global positioning systemC.the cause of price fluctuations in car equipmentD.the different ways of providing guidance to the driverBill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business worlds
19、 favorite academic title: the MBA ( Master of Business Administration). The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into
20、the hiring of business school graduates, about 79,000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day. “If you are
21、going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,“ said Donald Morrison, Professor of marketing and management science. “ But in the last five years or so, when someone says, Should I attempt to get an MBA, the answer a lot more is: It depends. “ The success of Bill Gates an
22、d other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc. , has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught. The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters t
23、o dramatize complaints about business degree holders. The article called MBA hires “ extremely disappointing“ and said “ MBAs want to move up too fast, they dont understand politics and people, and they arent able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, theyre out looking
24、for other jobs. “ The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness. Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursu
25、ed a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash against the antibusiness values of the 1960s and by the womens movement. Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivatin
26、g people. “ They dont get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business,“ said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrin management consulting firm. （分数：1.00）(1).According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disc
27、iplines?（分数：0.20）A.Scornful.B.Appreciative.C.Envious.D.Realistic.(2).It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by_.（分数：0.20）A.the complaints from various employersB.the success of many non-MBAsC.the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD.the poor
28、 performance of MBAs at work(3).What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?（分数：0.20）A.They are usually self-centered.B.They are aggressive and greedy.C.They keep complaining about their jobs.D.They are not good at dealing with people.(4).From the passage we kn
29、ow that most MB As_.（分数：0.20）A.can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB.quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesC.receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD.cherish unrealistic expectations about their future(5).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：0.20）
30、A.Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B.The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.C.Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.D.A debate held recently on university campuses.Professor Meredith Thring, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Queen Mary College,
31、 London showed off his latest invention to the Press yesterday. It is a mechanical coal miner which, he claims, could solve Britains energy problems within ten years. Not that he thinks the National Coal Board will be at all interested. “ I have taken my previous ideas of mechanical mining to previo
32、us Chairmen of the Board but each time nothing has happened,“ he said. “The Board are not thinking enough about the future. My latest idea would put the cost of coal down and produce twice as much with the same labour force. “ Professor Thring finished making his mechanical coal miner only on Sunday
33、 night. He showed the wooden model yesterday at Queen Mary College. It is rather like a giant ant, with a headlight, two TV camera “eyes“ , and arms the same size and strength as human arms. This particular coal miner, however, would only be eighteen inches tall, which would enable it to mine much s
34、maller areas of coal than those that can be mined by human beings. It would open up rich areas of coal in the Durham coal fields which have not been workable since the last century. “ I would have thought the unions would be delighted with the mechanical coal miners,“ said Professor Thring. “ We wou
35、ld be employing as many miners as at present, with all their skills, but they would all be working on the surface. “ The human miner would in fact sit at the controls above ground. He would put his hands into “gloves“ and work the metal hands of the coal miner as if they were his own. The mechanical
36、 miner could go down as deep as 10,000 feet, and would cost 10,000. “ It will put the cost of coal down because the cost of the machines is going to be very low in relation to the present cost of supplying fresh air to mines,“ said Professor Thring. “ There need to be no oxygen present, and this wou
37、ld mean there would be no risk of explosions. “ The Professor does his economic sums as follows. Britain needs each year as much energy as 350 million tons of coal would provide; and North Sea oil will only provide the same amount of energy as 150 million tons of coal for fifty years, while the cost
38、 of nuclear power is ten times greater than the cost of getting oil. “ We can get ten times as much coal as North Sea oil. We could have 250 million tons a year double the present amount for 200 years at least, and solve the energy crisis. The mechanical coal miner could be developed and active with
39、in six or seven years. “ Could be, certainly! But Professor Thring knows very well how much luck he will need to succeed, which is why he gave the public display of his latest invention yesterday, to try to get opinion-makers on his side. （分数：1.00）(1).Professor Thrings mechanical coal miner_.（分数：0.2
40、0）A.has already been seen by the Coal BoardB.is his first inventionC.looks like a TV cameraD.is not yet in production(2).What is Professor Thrings invention?（分数：0.20）A.A kind of machine which miners ride on.B.A machine to supply fresh air to tunnels.C.A digging machine operated at a distance.D.A for
41、m of metal protective clothing.(3).What particular advantage does Professor Thrings coal miner have?（分数：0.20）A.It does not have to go deep underground.B.It can work in very narrow spaces.C.It can work in the open air.D.It is twice as strong as a human miner.(4).Why does Professor Thring think that t
42、he unions should be pleased about the mechanical coal miner?（分数：0.20）A.Because a lot more miners will be needed.B.Because miners will earn over 10,000 a year.C.Because miners will not have to work underground any more.D.Because it will reduce the risk of explosions.(5).Professor Thring expects that
43、the Coal Board will_.（分数：0.20）A.reject his ideaB.listen to the PressC.be unable to develop his inventionD.reduce coal output三、Part B Directions: I(总题数：1，分数：1.00)In the front room of a shabby terraced house in Maryport, Cumbria, a woman lay on the sofa covered by a blanket, her body emaciated by year
44、s of illness. 66. ( ) His father, also a Maryport man, had been often out of work; his son, now 15, aspires no higher than a factory job because he knows that he will be lucky to get even this when he leaves school. The family is beset by poverty, illness and despair. The man is dependent on tranqui
45、lizers; his wife has been in and out of psychiatrichospital. She said: “ I got run down because we had so much debt and things just got on top of me. “ Unemployment, said the man, sapped all his vitality. “ Its the same thing every day. You get off bed in the morning, eat and then back to bed, and t
46、hats it,“ he said. The three children would have no heavy clothes this winter. They all lived on canned food and could not remember when they last ate fresh meat. When the fuel bills came in the rent could not be paid. Unemployment in Maryport is running at about 12% , twice the national average. It
47、 has remained high since the 1930s and the town has been in decline for generations as the old industries of fishing, steel and coal disappeared. With cuts in regional aid the outlook is now even bleaker. 67. ( ) This perverse attitude is the distinguishing characteristic of this small, depressed po
48、rt. For although the social problems arising from high unemployment are grave, a corresponding insularity and fear of the unfamiliar pervades the 11,000 or so inhabitants to the town. Many families depend on welfare benefits, as did their parents, and as, undoubtedly, their children will when they leave school. In parts of the town the social problems are as grave as they would be in any inner city slum. Two large housing estates, nicknam
