1、翻译二级笔译综合能力-4 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B Vocabulary an(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.The new Personal Digital Assistance contained a large_of information about an individual fife.（分数：0.50）A.dealB.amountC.numberD.account2.Home to_and gangsters, officials and laborers, refugees and artists, thecity was, in its
2、 prime, a metropolis that exhibited all the hues of the human character.（分数：0.50）A.magnatesB.magnetsC.machinesD.magnitudes3.Uncle Vernon, quite unlike Harry Potter who looked nothing like the rest of the family, was large, very fat, and_, with an enormous black mustache.（分数：0.50）A.necklessB.necklace
3、C.recklessD.rackless4.Your blunt treatment of disputes would put other people in a negative frame of_, with the result that they would not be able to accept your proposal.（分数：0.50）A.mindB.ideaC.intentionD.wish5.This silk has gone right_and we have not sold a single piece of it for weeks.（分数：0.50）A.o
4、ut of fadB.out of patternC.out of customD.out of fashion6.If you are an energetic person with strong views as to the right way of doing things, you find yourself_under pressures.（分数：0.50）A.variablyB.invariablyC.invaluablyD.invalidly7.The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all_to u
5、s.（分数：0.50）A.satisfyB.satisfiedC.satisfactoryD.satisfying8._pollution control measures are expensive, many local governments hesitate to adopt them.（分数：0.50）A.AlthoughB.HoweverC.BecauseD.Moreover9.The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner,_to the body.（分数：0.50）A
6、.the stress it is greaterB.greater is the stressC.greater stress isD.the greater the stress10.Annie Jump Cannon,_discovered so many stars that she was called “the census taker of the sky“.（分数：0.50）A.a leading astronomer,B.who, as a leading astronomer,C.was a leading astronomer,D.a leading astronomer
7、 who11.Kingdom of Wonders,_in 1995 in Fremont, Calif., became an industry legend for two toys: a talking bear and a ray-gun game.（分数：0.50）A.findB.foundC.foundedD.founding12.Americans who consider themselves_in the traditional sense do not usually hesitate to heap criticism in domestic matters over w
8、hat they believe is oppressive or wasteful.（分数：0.50）A.pedestrianB.penchantC.patriarchD.patriotic13.Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event_is equal to the probability that it will not occur.（分数：0.50）A.occurringB.to occurC.occursD.occur14.As technological advances put more and
9、 more time between early school life and the young persons final access to specialized work, the stage of_becomes an even more markedand conscious period.（分数：0.50）A.adolescenceB.adjacencyC.advantageD.adventure15.He was completely_by her tale of hardship.（分数：0.50）A.taken awayB.taken downC.taken inD.t
10、aken up16.Sadly, while the academic industry thrives, the practice of translation continues to_.（分数：0.50）A.stackB.stageC.stagnateD.stamp17.His_behavior macle everyone nervous. He was always rushing to open doors and perform other small tasks, apologizing unnecessarily for any inconvenience that he m
11、ight have caused.（分数：0.50）A.obliviousB.observantC.obsequiousD.obsolescent18.Primitive superstitions that feed racism should be_through education.（分数：0.50）A.ignoredB.exaltedC.eradicatedD.canceled19.Part of the funds will be used to_that old library to its original splendor.（分数：0.50）A.restB.recoverC.r
12、eplaceD.restore20.Only one-fifth of Americans saw oil as the chief reason that the U.S. made a war on Iraq, but 75 percent of the French and of the Russians believed_.（分数：0.50）A.toB.soC.goD.do二、BPart 2 Vocabula(总题数：15，分数：7.50)21.As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for his intensely vigorous
13、Uand exuberant/U style.（分数：0.50）A.enthusiasticB.nervousC.painfulD.extreme22.Anthropologist Barbara Myerhoff Ufurthered/U her reputation as an authority on Native American culture with her study of the symbols, myths, and rituals of the Huichol people. A. deserved B: retained C. renewed D. advanced（分
14、数：0.50）A.B.C.D.23.When insects feed on Udecaying/U plant material in a compost pile, they help turn it into useful garden soil.（分数：0.50）A.availableB.organicC.distastefulD.decomposing24.The feeling of Ucompetition/U among the students in all the classrooms where the test was going on was noticeable t
15、o everyone.（分数：0.50）A.discordB.discoveryC.rivalryD.cooperation25.UAttempts/U have been made for nearly three decades to increase the amount of precipitation from clouds by seeding them with salt or silver iodide.（分数：0.50）A.DevicesB.HypothesesC.EffortsD.Suggestions26.Justices of the peace have Ujuris
16、diction/U over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses.（分数：0.50）A.supremacyB.authorityC.guidanceD.obedience27.Researchers have discovered that dolphins are able to Umimic/U human speech.（分数：0.50）A.importB.imitateC.impairD.humor28.This reflects the priority being
17、 attached to economic over political activity, partly caused by a growing Ureluctance/U to enter a calling blighted by relentless publicity that all too often ends in destroying careers and reputations.（分数：0.50）A.powerfulnessB.unwillingnessC.renaissanceD.apologeticness29.The artist spent years on hi
18、s Umonumental/U painting, which covered the whole roof of the church, the biggest in the country.（分数：0.50）A.archaicB.sentimentalC.outstandingD.entil:e30.That boy is suffering from Uunrequited/U love and pines away.（分数：0.50）A.ferventB.obsessiveC.secretD.unreturned31.A court-martial has but recently d
19、ecided to Uacquit him/U.（分数：0.50）A.declare he is not guiltyB.pardon himC.condemn himD.persecute him32.There are more people who are Uobese/U today than 20 years ago.（分数：0.50）A.gainfully employedB.upwardly mobileC.excessively overweightD.privately educated33.The Udichotomy/U postulated by many betwee
20、n idealism and realism is one of the standard cliches of the ongoing debate over international affairs.（分数：0.50）A.division into two partsB.combination of two partsC.disparityD.contradiction34.Many of the electric and electronic products we purchase and consume today are what some industrial experts
21、call “Uhomogeneous toys/U“.（分数：0.50）A.identicalB.homosexualC.unrelatedD.distinguishable35.For a long time in that vast region, this law was in Uabeyance/U.（分数：0.50）A.active useB.doubtC.discussionD.disuse三、BPart 3 Correcti(总题数：15，分数：7.50)36.Upon completing his examination Uover/U the patient, the doc
22、tor offered his judgment of her conditions.（分数：0.50）A.ofB.offC.aboutD.around37.Sino-foreign educational Uprogram on business/U is popular in China now, and the demand for Uhigh level interpretation/U is great.（分数：0.50）A.programs in enterprises/high level interpretersB.programs in international busin
23、ess/senior interpretersC.program in international biz/senior interpretationsD.programs of business/high-level interpretations38.Life insurance, Ubefore available only to young, healthy persons/U, can now be obtained for old people, and even for pets.（分数：0.50）A.before young, healthy persons available
24、 only,B.available only to young, healthy persons before,C.available only to persons young, but more healthy,D.before young and healthy persons only available to,39.It is Ua market which sales value might be/U more than 10 billion yuan.（分数：0.50）A.a market with a sales value that might beB.a market wh
25、ich might be sales valueC.a market with sale value might beD.market with sales might be a value40.Many students agreed to come, but some Ustudents against because they said they dont/U have time.（分数：0.50）A.were against because they said they did notB.were against because they say they dontC.were aga
26、inst it because they said they did notD.were against coming because they said they dont41.An epigram is usually defined Ubeing/U a bright or witty thought that is tersely and ingeniously expressed.（分数：0.50）A.asB.as beC.as beenD.to being42.The recent conference on the effective use of the seas and oc
27、eans was another attempt Uresolving/U major differences among countries with conflicting interests.（分数：0.50）A.resolveB.resolvesC.to resolveD.being resolved43.Following a year of fast development, Uby the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websites/U.（分数：0.50）A.China had
28、 about 1,100 e-commerce websites by the end of last MarchB.by the end of the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websitesC.by the end of this recent past March, China has about 1,100 e-commerce websitesD.by the end of this first quarter, China had about 1,100 or so. e-co
29、mmerce websites44.Consumer porcelains in Jingdezhen are not selling well Uin export market/U as compared with those made in Liling, Hunan Province and Zibo, Shandong Province.（分数：0.50）A.on export marketB.in exporting marketC.in exported marketD.in the export market45.While it is essential that the t
30、ext covers the subject adequately, it is also important that it is neither too detailed Uor/U too complex for the intended reader.（分数：0.50）A.forB.norC.noD.not46.As Uan English major student/U, I think business English is more practical than other fields.（分数：0.50）A.a English student/fieldB.a English
31、major student/regionsC.an English major/coursesD.an English student major/sciences47.He was looking Uimpatient/U at the visiting salesman, who showed no signs of getting ready to leave.（分数：0.50）A.patientB.patienceC.impatienceD.impatiently48.When she returned Uback by/U abroad, she told us all about
32、her experience as an illegal immigrant.（分数：0.50）A.byB.backC.fromD.back from49.We should Ulet more young parents and their children can enjoy scientific early education/U.（分数：0.50）A.provide more young parents and their children to enjoy early educationB.provide more young parents and their children t
33、o enjoy early education and scientificC.provide young parents and their children enjoy more scientific early educationD.provide young parents and their children with more early education services50.If they spend some time on Chinese history, they will be Umore able/U to predict Chinas future.（分数：0.5
34、0）A.moreB.ableC.betterD.better able四、B Reading Compr(总题数：5，分数：50.00)In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits b
35、est. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 70 minutes. Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishme
36、nts or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable. Social control may be either formal or info
37、rmal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any groups most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individuals own con
38、science operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and
39、social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to thos
40、e who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior. Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaffirms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are tre
41、ated. （分数：10.00）(1).Social control refers to processes by which_.（分数：1.00）A.norms are developedB.norms are enforcedC.people are educated and trainedD.people are rewarded and punished(2).Every society has its own_.（分数：1.00）A.planned systemsB.controlled normsC.recognized boundaryD.established sanction
42、s(3).Informal mechanisms of social control include the following EXCEPT_.（分数：1.00）A.a high level of interest in ensuring conformityB.expression of disapproval by significant othersC.withholding of positive rewards for the deviantsD.peoples internalization of norms in socialization(4).The most powerf
43、ul protection against deviance is_.（分数：1.00）A.negative sanctionsB.severe punishmentsC.the individuals conscienceD.unrestrained suppression(5).Formal agents of social control include the following EXCEPT_.（分数：1.00）A.police stationsB.mental hospitalsC.welfare agenciesD.vocational schools(6).The purpos
44、e of formal agents is to_.（分数：1.00）A.make beneficial rulesB.preserve social ordersC.control violation of normsD.define acceptable behavior(7).Which statement about social control agents is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.They tend to serve the interest of those who enforce the norms.B.They tend to serve the int
45、erest of those who receive a benefit.C.They tend to serve the interest of those who make the rules.D.They tend to serve the interest of those who are powerful.(8).According to conflict theorists, social control agents and systems are_.（分数：1.00）A.liberalB.partialC.neutralD.overall(9).In the third par
46、agraph, “a dual function“ refers to_.（分数：1.00）A.formal and informalB.rewards and penaltiesC.approval and disapprovalD.clarification and regulation(10).The perspective from which the author discusses social control is_.（分数：1.00）A.biologicalB.sociologicalC.psychologicalD.anthropologicalEvery group has
47、 a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist, there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages. People once thought of the languages of backward groups as unde
48、veloped. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of “backward“ languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex. They differ from Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies,
