1、翻译二级笔译综合能力-26 及答案解析(总分：130.50，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Vocabulary and Gra(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part 1 Vocabulary Se(总题数：19，分数：16.00)1.Many young people believe that war is stupid and unnecessary. To them, to lose ones life on the battlefield is _ .Aglorious Bfutile Cheroic Dcourageous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.2.Leaving for
2、work in plenty of time to catch the train will _ worry about being late.A. rule off B. prevent C. avoid D. obviate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but_it is clear that he was a great artist. A. in the aftermath B. by the time C. in retrospect D. in this eventuality
3、（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.4.More and more people these days are clamoring for full-body plastic surgery popularity in the world.Ato attain Bto sustain Cgaining Dobtaining（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.5.They are at the moment working _ time to get everything ready for the conference.Aagainst Bin Con Dahead（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D
4、.6.She answered with an _ “No“ to the request that she attend the public hearing.A. eloquent B. effective C. emotional D. emphatic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.There has been a _ lack of communication between the union and the management.A. regretful B. regrettable C. regretting D. regretted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.
5、The companys training plan was designed to help the employees to improve their work habits and _.A. proficiency B. sufficiency C. insufficiency D. efficiency（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Success as _ by economic output bears no close relationship to human achievement.Adecided Bachieved Cassured Dmeasured（分数：0.
6、50）A.B.C.D.10.The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with _ hope.A. eternal B. infinite C. ceaseless D. everlasting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The campers _ their tent in a sheltered valley.A. established B. installedC. pitched D. fixed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Over
7、a very large number of trials, the probability of an event _ is equal to the probability that it will not occur.A. occurring B. occurredC. occurs D. occur（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The doctors _ was that she should go and see the specialist in this field.A. constraint B. counsel C. coherence D. consciousne
8、ss（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.His _ behavior made everyone nervous. He was always rushing to open doors and perform other small tasks, apologizing unnecessarily for any inconvenience that he might have caused.A. oblivious B. observantC. obsequious D. obsolescent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.As countries _ to increase
9、 yields on existing croplands through intensified use of water, energy, and fertilizers, the cost of commodities will rise.Aencounter Benchant Cenlarge Dendeavor（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.16.Only one-fifth of Americans saw oil as the chief mason that the U.S. made a war on Iraq, but 75 percent of the French a
10、nd of the Russians believed _.A. to B. soC. go D. do（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.In order to obtain the needed information, you should write simply, clearly, and con cisely _ the reader wants to know.A. what B. thatC. so that D. which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Ill just _ an eye over these figures before you type th
11、em.A. toss B. castC. fling D. throw（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.He was always finding _ with his daughters friends.A. blame B. errorC. mistake D. fault（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、Part 2 Vocabulary Re(总题数：15，分数：11.50)20.Attempts have been made for nearly three decades to increase the amount of precipitation from cloud
12、s by seeding them with salt or silver iodide. A. Devices B. Hypotheses C. Efforts D. Suggestions（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.21.The room was so cluttered with books and papers that it was difficult to find the missing key.Adisorganized Bflattered Cdenounced Dfixated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.22.European conservatives, un
13、til the end of the 19th century, rejected democratic principles and institutions. Instead they opted for monarchies or for authoritarian government.A. chose B. constructed C. conceived D. conserved（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23.We regret being unable to entertain your request for providing free boarding to 15
14、sportsmen for two weeks.A. receive B. complyC. coincide D. consider（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.The graduate committee must be in full accord in their approval of a dissertation. A. indecisive B. sullen C. vocal D. unanimous（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.25.One of the effective ways to lessen environmental pollution is th
15、e reservation and protection of more swamps.A. vast thick corals B. pockets of wetlandC. warm volcanoes D. millions of bees and wasps（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.The incidence of this disease has been greatly reduced thanks to our health care program.A. seriousness B. frequency of occurrenceC. mortality D. c
16、ure rate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.“Holmes!“ I whispered. “What on earth are you doing in this disgusting place?“ A. humble B. unpleasant C. underprivileged D. noisy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.28.We anticipate being able to have our summer vacation in Italy.A. agitate B. expect C. suspect D. surmise（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2
17、9.Initially his book did not receive much attention, but two weeks after the critics review appeared in the newspapers, it climbed to the best sellers list.A. At first B. First of all C. At first sight D. From the first（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.John Smith has a blog at The Lonely Planet Times, and you can
18、 listen to a live audio stream by clicking this link below.A. steam B. water flow C. recording D. programming（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.Many of the electric and electronic products we purchase and consume today are what some industrial experts call “homogeneous toys“. A. identical B. homosexual C. unrelate
19、d D. distinguishable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.32.Construction of the gigantic office building in this city was for years intermittent. A. stopping and starting at intervals B. something that will happen soon C. being watched with keen interest D. anything that comes and goes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.33.Any troop of w
20、ild animals should be approached warily.A. fearlessly B. confidently C. silently D. prudently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.Several theories of evolution had historically preceded that of Charles Darwin, although he expounded upon the stages of development. A. found fault with B. explained in detail C. outline
21、d briefly D. offered in published form（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.四、Part 3 Correcting Gr(总题数：15，分数：13.00)35.Each year, in a never-ending cycle of death and rebirth, the rains sweep across southem Asia.Aregrowth Bregeneration Creconstruction Drecycle（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.36.Construction is expanding all over China,
22、no doubt many materials will be needed at a very big amount in future.A. China, no doubt many materials will be needed for a very big amountB. China, no doubt many materials will be needed in a very big amountC. China; no doubt many materials will be needed in large amountsD. China; no doubt many ma
23、terials will be needed for large amounts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.37.American Indian languages, which differ widely, tended to group many units of meaning into multisyllabic words.A. all tend B. and tendC. to tend D. tending（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.By using new foreign textbooks, we could not only learn the right
24、 expression of business ideas, but also we will know the latest developments in the business world.A. but also will know the lastest B. but also know the lastestC. but also know the latest D. but also come to know the latest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.39.A professor of economic and history at Atlanta Universit
25、y, WEBDu Bois, promoted full racial equality.A. economy B. economics C. economical D. economic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.40.The photoperiodic response of algae actually depends on the duration of darkness, but not on the response of light.Ais not on light Bbut is not on the lightCand not on light Dthe light i
26、s not on（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.41.The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which also provided warm and protection.A. hot B. sunshine C. warmth D. safe（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.42.He had studied hard, he would have been able to pass the exam.A. He had studied harder B. If only he studied moreC. Had he st
27、udied harder D. When he studied more（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.43.Many students agreed to come, but some students against because they said they dont have time.A. did not because they say they did notB. were against because they say they dontC. did not because they said they did notD. were against coming beca
28、use they said they dont（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.44.Fifty-three thousand shouting enthusiasts filled the stadium; they had come to watch the first game of the season and to cheer the home team.Aenthusiasts filled the stadium to comeBenthusiasts, filling the stadium, had comeCenthusiasts filled the stadium; a
29、nd had comeDenthusiasts filling the stadium, who had come（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.45.When he realized he had been suggested to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement.A. elicited B. excited C. deduced D. induced（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.46.We are not conscious
30、of the extent of which work provides the psychological satisfaction that can make the difference between a full and empty life.A. to which B. in whichC. at which D. by which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.47.Because it is not a serious problem, we are not necessary to take strict measures against the student.A. we
31、 not need B. not necessary for usC. it being unnecessary D. it is not necessary for us（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.48.All mammals have hair, but not always evident.A. but it is not B. but it is C. but they are not D. but they are（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.49.Im rather concerned how he will take in his school. A. take on
32、B. take up C. take off D. take to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.五、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：3，分数：25.00)Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for d
33、eviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable.Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of
34、 disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any groups most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individuals own conscience operates as an agent of social control.
35、When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents
36、 function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define
37、unacceptable behavior.Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaffirms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated.（分数：10.00）(1).Social control refers to proce
38、sses by which _.A. norms are developedB. norms are enforcedC. people are educated and trainedD. people are rewarded and punished（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Every society has its own _.A. planned systems B. controlled normsC. recognized boundary D. established sanctions（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Informal mechanis
39、ms of social control include the following EXCEPT _.A. a high level of interest in ensuring conformityB. expression of disapproval by significant othersC. withholding of positive rewards for the deviantsD. peoples internalization of norms in socialization（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The most powerful protec
40、tion against deviance is _.A. negative sanctions B. severe punishmentsC. the individuals conscience D. unrestrained suppression（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Formal agents of social control include the following EXCEPT _A. police stations B. mental hospitalsC. welfare agencies D. vocational schools（分数：1.00）A.
41、B.C.D.(6).The purpose of formal agents is to _.A. make beneficial rules B. preserve social ordersC. control violation of norms D. define acceptable behavior（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Which statement about social control agents is NOT true?A. They tend to serve the interest of those who enforce the norms.B
42、. They tend to serve the interest of those who receive a benefit.C. They tend to serve the interest of those who make the rules.D. They tend to serve the interest of those who are powerful.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).According to conflict theorists, social control agents and systems are _.A. liberal B. par
43、tialC. neutral D. overall（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9).In the third paragraph, “a dual function“ refers to _.A. formal and informal B. rewards and penaltiesC. approval and disapproval D. clarification and regulation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).The perspective from which the author discusses social control is _.A. b
44、iological B. sociologicalC. psychological D. anthropological（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Lichens may grow on the bark of a tree in a steaming tropical rain forest, on the bricks of big city buildings, on rocks in hot springs, on wind-swept mountaintops, and in the driest desserts. In the arctic, they provide th
45、e principal food for caribou, and they are one of the few plants that grow in Antarctica. They are pioneers, appearing in barren rocky areas and starting the formation of soil in which mosses, then ferns, and then other plants can take root.Lichens are a partnership of two plants fungi and algae. Th
46、e lichen body is made up of a network of fungal strands. In the upper layers of these grow groups of algae. The two organisms live together to the benefit of both, a relationship known as symbiosis. The fungi provide support, absorb water, and shelter the tender algae from direct sunlight. The algae
47、 carry on photosynthesis and provide the fungi with food. The algae can live independently and are recognizable as a species that grows alone. The fungi, on the other hand, cannot live apart from their partners. They can be placed in known classes of fungi but are unlike any species that lives indep
48、endently.So definite are the form, color, and characteristics of these double organisms that for hundreds of years, they were classified as one. More than 15,000 “species“ were named. If these organisms are classified as separate species, it is difficult to fit them into the existing system of class
49、ification. But if they are classified separately, these species of fungi seem rather strange. Lichens are a splendid example of the difficulties faced by taxonomists in classifying species.（分数：10.00）(1).Lichens may NOT grow _ .Ain the tropical woods Bon the ceilings of city buildingsCon rocks in hot springs Din dry desserts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does the author imply about lichens in Paragr
