1、翻译二级笔译实务 2011 年 05 月及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English-Ch(总题数：1，分数：60.00)1.Farms go out of business for many reasons, but few farms do merely because the soil has failed. That is the miracle of farming. If you care for the soil, it will last and yield nearly forever. America is such a youn
2、g country that we have barely tested that. For most of our history, there has been new land to farm, and we still farm as though there always will be. Still, there are some very old farms out there. The oldest is the Tuttle farm, near Dover, N.H., which is also one of the oldest business enterprises
3、 in America. It made the news last week because its owner a lineal descendant of John Tuttle, the original settler has decided to go out of business. It was founded in 1632. I hear its sweet corn is legendary. The year 1632 is unimaginably distant. In 1632, Galileo was still publishing, and John Loc
4、ke was born. There were perhaps 10,000 colonists in all of America, only a few hundred of them in New Hampshire. The Tuttle acres, then, would have seemed almost as surrounded as they do in 2010, but by forest instead of highways and houses. It was a precarious operation at the start as all farming
5、was in the new coloniesand it became precarious enough again in these past few years to peter out at last. The land is protected by a conservation easement so it cant be developed, but no one knows whether the next owner will farm it. In a letter on their Web site, the Tuttles cite “exhaustion of re
6、sources“ as the reason to sell the farm. The exhausted resources they list include bodies, minds, hearts, imagination, equipment, machinery and finances. They do not mention soil, which has been renewed and redeemed repeatedly. It is too simple to say, as the Tuttles have, that the recession killed
7、a farm that had survived for nearly 400 years. What killed it was the economic structure of food production. Each year it has become harder for family farms to compete with industrial scale agriculture heavily subsidized by the government underselling them at every turn. In a system committed to the
8、 health of farms and their integration with local communities, the result would have been different. In 1632, and for many years after, the Tuttle farm was a necessity. In 2010, it is suddenly superfluous, or so we like to pretend.（分数：60.00）_二、Section Chinese-En(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.60 年来特别是改革开放 30 年来，中
9、国取得了举世瞩目的发展成就，经济实力和综合国力显著增强，各项社会事业全面进步，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，中国社会迸发出前所未有的活力和创造力。同时，我们清醒地认识到，中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，中国在发展进程中遇到的矛盾和问题无论规模还是复杂性都世所罕见。要全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，进而基本实现现代化、实现全体人民共同富裕，还有很长的路要走。我们将继续从本国国情出发，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，全力做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。（分数：4
10、0.00）_翻译二级笔译实务 2011 年 05 月答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English-Ch(总题数：1，分数：60.00)1.Farms go out of business for many reasons, but few farms do merely because the soil has failed. That is the miracle of farming. If you care for the soil, it will last and yield nearly forever. America is such a
11、 young country that we have barely tested that. For most of our history, there has been new land to farm, and we still farm as though there always will be. Still, there are some very old farms out there. The oldest is the Tuttle farm, near Dover, N.H., which is also one of the oldest business enterp
12、rises in America. It made the news last week because its owner a lineal descendant of John Tuttle, the original settler has decided to go out of business. It was founded in 1632. I hear its sweet corn is legendary. The year 1632 is unimaginably distant. In 1632, Galileo was still publishing, and Joh
13、n Locke was born. There were perhaps 10,000 colonists in all of America, only a few hundred of them in New Hampshire. The Tuttle acres, then, would have seemed almost as surrounded as they do in 2010, but by forest instead of highways and houses. It was a precarious operation at the start as all far
14、ming was in the new coloniesand it became precarious enough again in these past few years to peter out at last. The land is protected by a conservation easement so it cant be developed, but no one knows whether the next owner will farm it. In a letter on their Web site, the Tuttles cite “exhaustion
15、of resources“ as the reason to sell the farm. The exhausted resources they list include bodies, minds, hearts, imagination, equipment, machinery and finances. They do not mention soil, which has been renewed and redeemed repeatedly. It is too simple to say, as the Tuttles have, that the recession ki
16、lled a farm that had survived for nearly 400 years. What killed it was the economic structure of food production. Each year it has become harder for family farms to compete with industrial scale agriculture heavily subsidized by the government underselling them at every turn. In a system committed t
17、o the health of farms and their integration with local communities, the result would have been different. In 1632, and for many years after, the Tuttle farm was a necessity. In 2010, it is suddenly superfluous, or so we like to pretend.（分数：60.00）_正确答案：(尽管导致农民破产的原因有很多，但很少农民仅仅是因为土地失去肥力而破产，这可以算是一个农业奇迹。
18、如果能很好地料理土地，那么它几乎可以永远保持持续的产出。而对美国这样一个年轻的国家而言，人们很少能意识到这点。在我们历史的大部分时间里，人们有土地去耕作，而且不停地开垦新的土地似乎土地资源是无穷无尽的。 然而，还是有一些老农场破产了。其中历史最为悠久的便是位于美国新罕布什尔州丹佛市附近的 Tuttle farm。同时也是美国最顾老的商业公司之一。在上周的新闻中，公司的所有者，原始移民 John Tuttle 的直系后代，宣布公司破产。Tuttle farm 成立于 1632 年的。我听说他的鲜玉米非常出名。 1632 年，遥远的让人难以置信，那一年，伽利略还在准备出版他的著作，而洛克才刚刚出生
19、。美洲大陆当时大概只有一万移民，其中生活在新罕布什尔州的估计还不到一百人。那时 Tuttle 的耕地可能和 2010年一样被团团包围着，只不过那时是被森林包围，而现在是被高速公路和房子。 就像所有殖民地的农场一样，一开始 Tuttle 的经营(基于有限土地资源的经营？)就是不稳定的，而近些年同样的不稳的最终导致了农场逐渐减产。受制于资源保护的限制，这边土地不能被使用，而且没人知道他的下一任所有者会不会耕种它。(地役权：为增加自己土地(需役地)的利用价值，而在他人土地(供役地)上设置的某种权利。地役权对地役权人来说是其权利的扩大，而对地役人来说是一种义务或对自己权利的限制。) 在 Tuttle
20、公司网站上，Tuttle 家族的人宣称他们卖掉农场是因为资源枯竭，其中包括人力，脑力，热情，理想，机械设备以及资金。他们并没有提到曾经被反复提及以挽回颜面的土地原因。我们不能像 Tuttle 家族的人一样简单地把这么一个有着近 400 年历史的农场的破归咎于经济衰退。而真正导致它破产的原因应该是粮食生产的经济结构。每一年，家族农场在与工业规模的农业企业的竞争中都显得愈发艰难。这些企业享有大量的国家补助，并通过各种渠道价格与家族农场竞争。在一个致力于保障农场健康发展并促进农场与周边社区融合的体系里，结果本不该是这样。在 1632 以及之后的许多年，像Tuttle 这样的农场是社会必需的。而在 2
21、010 年，他们突然变成了多余的了，抑或是被我们当作多余了的。)解析：二、Section Chinese-En(总题数：1，分数：40.00)2.60 年来特别是改革开放 30 年来，中国取得了举世瞩目的发展成就，经济实力和综合国力显著增强，各项社会事业全面进步，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，中国社会迸发出前所未有的活力和创造力。同时，我们清醒地认识到，中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，中国在发展进程中遇到的矛盾和问题无论规模还是复杂性都世所罕见。要全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，进而基本实现现代化、实现全体人民共同富裕，还有很长的路要走。我们将继续从本国国情出发，坚持中国特色
22、社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，全力做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。（分数：40.00）_正确答案：(China has achieved remarkable progress in those 60 years, particularly in the last 30 years since reform and opening-up. Chinas economy and comprehensive national strength have grown significantl
23、y and various social programs have made big strides. The Chinese people, once lacking basic living necessities, are now leading a moderately prosperous life, and the whole society is showing unprecedented dynamism and creativity. We are keenly aware, however, that China remains the worlds largest de
24、veloping country. The difficulties and problems that we face in development are rarely seen in any other part of the world in terms of their scale and complexity. We still have a long way to go before we can build, in a comprehensive way, a moderately prosperous society of a higher level that will b
25、enefit the more than one billion Chinese people, and then achieve basic modernization and bring common prosperity to all our people. We will, in the light of our national conditions, continue to follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, persist in reform and opening-up, promote scientific development and social harmony, and achieve all-round progress in the economic, political, cultural, social and environmental fields. We will ensure that our development is for the people and by the people and the fruits of development are shared among the people.)解析：
