1、翻译二级笔译实务 2003年 12月及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.BUNowhere to Go/U/BFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj“(who didnt want to reveal his real name). Hes an Indian immigrant who, like
2、many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco t
3、echnology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,“ says Nagaraj.UThis is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulations, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They m
4、ust either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allows them to transfer their visa to the new company. And the law doesnt allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS burea
5、ucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?“ Nagaraj wonders./UUUntil recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the regions shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers fr
6、om other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 workers held such visasbut with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. Thats causing mass consternation in U.S. immigrant commu
7、nities. The INS considers a worker “out of status“ when he loses a job, which technically means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this years layoffs, the U.S. government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able
8、to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the
9、 greatest form of torture,“ says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network./UUThe crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an
10、increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology finns retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. The INS reported last month that only
11、 16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United States in Februarydown from 32,000 in February of last year./UULast month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders “not to panic,“ and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers before they had to leave the United Sta
12、tes. INS spokeswoman Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month. “We are aware of the cutbacks,“ she says. “Were trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.“/U（分数：30.00）_二、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：60.00)2.BUWhat Is the Force of Gravit
13、y?/U/BUIf you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those th
14、at are further away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earths surface is called the weight of the object./UUAll the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects.
15、 The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than the Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earths surface. In fact, the moons gravitational force is on
16、ly one-sixth that of the Earth. This means that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on the moon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth./UUThe Earths gravitational force or pull k
17、eeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overcome the Earths gravitational pull./UBUEntry into Space/U/BUHow can we overcome the Earths gravitational pull? Scientists have been working on this for a lon
18、g time. It is only recently that they have been able to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earths gravitational pull. Such machines are called space rockets. Their great speed and power help them to escape from the Earths gravitational pull and go into space./UBURockets/U/BUThe powerfu
19、l space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework rocket. The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head. The body is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel. It is a mixture of chemicals that will bum rapidly to form hot gases./UUAt the base or foot of the rocket there i
20、s an opening or nozzle. A fuse hangs out like a tail from the nozzle. A long stick attached along the body serves to direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted./UUWhen the gunpowder bums, hot gases or exhaust gases rush out of the nozzle. The hot gases continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder
21、 bums. When these gases shoot downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards. This is called jet propulsion. The simple experiment, shown in the picture, will help you to understand jet propulsion./U（分数：30.00）_3.BBasketball Diplomacy/BCHINAS TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live t
22、he American Dream. But Wang Zhizhi, a 7-foot-1 basketball star from the Peoples Liberation Army, is making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA. In his first three weeks in America the 23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check, presided over “Wang Zhizhi Day“ in San Fra
23、ncisco and become immortalized on his very own trading cards. Hes even played in five games with his new team, the Dallas Mavericks, scoring 24 points in just 38 minutes. Now the affable Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffsand he is intent on enjoying every mi
24、nute. One recent evening Wang slipped into the hot tub behind the house of Mavericks assistant coach Donn Nelson. He leaned back, stretched out and pointed at a plane moving across the star-filled sky. In broken English, he started singing his favorite tune: “I believe I can fly. I believe I can tou
25、ch the sky.“Back in China, the nations other basketball phenom, Yao Ming, can only dream of taking flight. Yao thought he was going to be the first Chinese player in the NBA. The 7-foot-5 Shanghai sensation is more highly touted than Wang: the 20-year-old could be the No. 1 overall pick in the June
26、NBA draft. But as the May 13 deadline to enter the draft draws near, Yao is still waiting for a horde of business people and apparatchiks to decide his fate. Last week, as Wang scored 13 points in the Dallas season finale, Yao was wading through a stream of bicycles on a dusty Beijing street.UYao an
27、d Wang are more than just freaks of nature in basketball shorts. The twin towers are national treasures, symbols of Chinas growing stature in the world. Theyre also emblematic of the NBAs outsize dreams for conquering China. The NBA, struggling at home, sees salvation in the land of 1.3 billion pote
28、ntial hoop fans. China, determined to win the 2008 Olympics and join the World Trade Organization, is eager to make its mark on the worldon its own terms. The two-year struggle to get these young players into the NBA has been a cultural collisionthis one far removed from U.S.-China bickering over sp
29、y planes and trade liberalization. If it works out, it could bein basketball parlancethe ultimate give-and-go. “This is just like Ping-Pong diplomacy,“ says Xia Song, a sport-marketing executive who represents Wang. “Only with a much bigger hall.“/UUTwo years ago it looked more like a ball and chain
30、. Wangs Army bosses were miffed when the Mavericks had the nerve to draft their star back in 1999. Nelson remembers flying to Beijing with the then owner Ross Perot Jr.son of the eccentric billionaireto hammer out a deal with the stone-faced communists of the PLA. “You could hear them thinking: What
31、 is this NBA team doing, trying to lay claim to our property?“ Nelson recalls. “We tried to explain that this was an honor for Wang and for China.“ There was no deal. Wang grew despondent and lost his edge on court./UUThis year Yao became the anointed one. He eclipsed Wang in scoring and rebounding,
32、 and even stole away his coveted MVP award in the Chinese Basketball Association league. It looked as if his Shanghai teama dynamic semicapitalist club in Chinas most open city would get its star to the NBA first./UUThen came the March madness. Wang broke out of his slump to lead the Army team to it
33、s sixth consecutive CBA titlescoring 40 in the final game. A day later the PLA scored some points of its own by announcing that Wang was free to go West. What inspired the change of heart? No doubt the Mavericks worked to build trust with Chinese officials (even inviting national-team coach Wang Fei
34、 to spend the 1999-2000 season in Dallas). There was also the small matter of Chinese pride. The national team stumbled to a 10th-place finish at the 2000 Olympics, after placing eighth in 1996. Even the most intransigent cadre could see that the team would improve only if it sent its stars overseas
35、 to learn from the worlds best players./U（分数：30.00）_三、BSection Chine(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.U中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要实现全中国人民广泛的自由、民主和人权。今天中国所焕发出来的巨人活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。中的发展中大国，仍然必须首先保障最广大人民的生存权和发展权，不然一切其他权利都无
36、从谈起。中国确保十二亿多人的生存权和发展权，这是对世界人权进步事业的重大贡献。/U（分数：20.00）_四、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：40.00)5.U艾滋病/UU艾滋病是一种威胁生命的疾病，它侵袭人体内的自然免疫系统，破坏人体的自卫能力。/UU艾滋病本身并不致命，但是，由于人体的免疫系统遭到破坏，病人几乎没有能力来抵御其他许多疾病的侵袭，例如，肺炎、癌症、致盲性疾病和精神错乱。/UU艾滋病病毒存在于人的体液中。这种病毒可以通过性生活或共用静脉注射器传播，也可以通过血制品传播，并且可以从患爱滋病的孕妇身上传播给她的妊娠婴儿。/UU有关艾滋病传播的许多说法是错误的。与爱
37、滋病患者一起工作或上学不会传染上艾滋病，触摸他们用过的饮水杯或其他东西也不会传染上艾滋病。专家们说：没有人因为与艾滋病患者一起生适、照料艾滋病患者或触摸艾滋病患者而染上艾滋病。/U（分数：20.00）_6.U时间之谜/UU如果你能够看懂时钟，你就可以知道一天的时间。但是谁也不知道，时间本身究竟是什么。时间是看不到、摸不着、听不见的，我们只能通过记录时间消逝的办法才知道时间的存在。虽然我们成功地测量了时间的分分秒秒，但时间仍然是宇宙间极其神秘的现象之一。/UU思考时间的一个方法是设想一个没有时间的世界。那样，就不可能有运动了，因为时间和运动是不可分开的。一个没有时间的世界只有在没有变化的情况下才
38、能存在。因为时间和变化是联系在一起的。当某件事发生变化时，你知道时间已经流逝。在现实世界里，变化是永无止境的，有一些变化，如月食，只发生在瞬间，而另一些变化则反复出现，比如日出和日落。人们一直注意那些反复出现的自然现象，在人们开始计算这些现象时，他们就开始测定时间了。/U（分数：20.00）_翻译二级笔译实务 2003年 12月答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.BUNowhere to Go/U/BFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in S
39、ilicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj“(who didnt want to reveal his real name). Hes an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years
40、. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime
41、,“ says Nagaraj.UThis is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulations, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allows them to tra
42、nsfer their visa to the new company. And the law doesnt allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?“ Nagaraj wonders./UUUntil recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valle
43、y companies as the solution to the regions shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 8
44、1,000 workers held such visasbut with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. Thats causing mass consternation in U.S. immigrant communities. The INS considers a worker “out of status“ when he loses a job, which technically means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope
45、 of this years layoffs, the U.S. government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thou
46、sands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,“ says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network./UUThe crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology finns retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like In
