1、翻译二级笔译实务-7 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.The Dreadlock DeadlockIn the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedExs hub in Indianapolis to take over a delivery route in Flatbush District, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the countrys largest community of Caribbean
2、and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. “I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people,“ says Polk, now 31, “and that gave me these spiritual questions.“ His answer came providentially, by way of a music video featuring Lord Jamai, who raps about th
3、e Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks the cords of permanently interlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.Now a practicing Rastafarian, Polk sports thick garlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders. “Your hair is your covenant,“ he says. “Once you grow
4、your locks, it puts you on a path.“Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Expresss grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to “a reasonable style“. After years of deliberation, Polks bosses gave him a choice: shear his locks or be transferred to a lower-paid jo
5、b with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally, today dreadlocks, twists or braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30 years ago. If Afros symbolized militancy
6、, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course called “African Coiffures and Their New World Legacies“ puts it, “Theres a divinity to these locks.“Divine or not, some employers consider them
7、unacceptably outr. Six other New York-area FedEx employees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging religious discrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and New Yorks attorney general have also charged FedEx with violating religious protections in th
8、e Civil Rights Act.The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isnt enough to settle the lawsuits yet. The EEOC
9、 also wants reinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. Hes optimistic. Some new styles, he knows, grow more appealing over time.（分数：30.00）_二、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：30.00)2.Eurasians: The New Face of AsiaFusion is in, not only as an abstract fashion concept, but in tha
10、t most grounded of realities: mixed-blood people who walk, talk, and produce even more multiracial progeny. Most strange of all, these hybrids are finding themselves hailed as role models for vast masses in Asia with no mixed blood at all. “When I think of Asia, I dont necessarily think of people wh
11、o look like me,“ says Declan Wong, a Chinese-Dutch-American actor and producer, “But somehow weve become the face that sells the new Asia.“So maybe Asias Eurasian craze is driven by the theories of that whitest of white men, economist Adam Smith. As the world gets smaller, we look for a global marke
12、ting mien, a one-size-fits-all face that helps us sell Nokia cell phones and Palmolive shampoo across the world.“For any business, you cant think locally anymore,“ says Paul Lau, general manager at Elite Model Management in Hong Kong, who has built up a stable of Eurasians for his internationally mi
13、nded clients. “At the very least, you need to think regionally. Ideally, you should think globally.“ A global image helps sell products, even if no one but Filipinos would ever want to buy duck-fetus eggs or Thais the most pungent variety of shrimp paste. Yanto Zainal, president of Macsg09, a boutiq
14、ue ad agency in Jakarta, used all indos for a campaign for the local Matahari department store chain. “The store wanted to promote a more cosmopolitan image,“ he says. “Indos have an international look can still be accepted as Indonesian.“Channel V, the Asia-wide music television channel, was one of
15、 the first to broadcast the message of homogenized hybridism. “We needed a messenger that would fit in from Tokyo to the Middle East.“ Says Jonnifer Seeto, regional sales marketing manager for the channel, which began beaming its border-busting images in 1994. Star Veejay Asha Gill personifies the g
16、lobal look. When asked what her ethnic heritage is, Gill, a Malaysian citizen, simply shrugs. “Oh, who knows,“ she says. “Im half Punjabi, mixed with some English, a little French and dribs and drabs of God knows what else.“ The 29-year-old speaks crisp British English, fluent Malay, and a smidgen o
17、f Punjabi. She grew up in a Kuala Lumpur neighborhood that was mostly Chinese, attended an English-speaking school and was pals with Malay and Indian kids. Gills Channel V show, broadcast in English, has a strong following in Malaysia, Japan and the United Arab Emirates. “Im Hitlers worst nightmare,
18、“ she says. “My ethnicity and profession make me a global person who cant be defined in just one category.“（分数：15.00）_3.MatterLook at all the things around us: chairs, desks, cupboards, papers and pens in our classroom; motor cars, bicycles and buses in the streets; trees, plants and animals in the
19、countryside; birds, aeroplanes and clouds in the sky; fishes, seaweeds and corals in the sea; stars, the moon and the sun in outer space. These and all other things including the human body, are examples of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight.What Is Matter Made of ?Since a
20、ncient times, learned men or philosophers have thought about matter and what it is made up of. One group of philosophers thought that matter was made .up of a substance called “hyle“ (实质). Another group of philosophers said that matter was made up of four substances, namely earth, water, air and fir
21、e. A third group believed that matter was made up of very tiny particles which were too small to be seen. These particles were so small that they could never be further divided into smaller particles. They gave the particles the name atoms which means “those which cannot be divided“. The difference
22、between the various kinds of atoms and the ways in which they were joined were supposed to result in the different kinds of matter.All these ideas arose purely from the mind and were not based on investigation. For many years, people believed in the second idea. But actually it is the third idea tha
23、t is nearer to our present concept of matter.Daltons Atomic TheoryIn the early nineteenth century, Dalton, an English school teacher, stated in this atomic theory that matter was made up of tiny, indivisible particles, which he also called atoms. His laboratory work showed him that atoms could neith
24、er be divided into smaller parts nor could they be destroyed. He pictured matter as being made up of tiny solid spherical atoms. Today the idea of the atoms has been accepted. But further work has shown that contrary to Daltons findings, atoms are made up of even smaller particles.（分数：15.00）_三、BSect
25、ion Chine(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.中国政府高度重视人口与发展问题，将人口与发展问题作为国民经济和社会发展总体规划的重要组成部分列入议事日程，始终强调人口增长与经济社会发展相适应，与资源利用和环境保护相协调。二十世纪九十年代以来，中央政府每年召开一次关于人口与发展问题的座谈会，研究分析重大问题，制定重大决策和措施。国家组织、协调有关部门和群众团体共同实施人口与计划生育方案，将计划生育与发展经济、消除贫困、保护生态环境、合理利用资源、普及文化教育、发展卫生事业、完善社会保障、提高妇女地位等紧密结合起来，努力从根本上解决中国的人口与发展问题。（分数：20.00）_四、BPart
26、B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：20.00)5.中国画中国画与中医、京剧一起被誉为中国的“三大国粹”。按内容分，主要有人物画、山水画、花鸟画三大类。战国时，中国就已有比较成熟的人物画，唐代达到顶峰。著名的人物画家有顾恺之、吴道子等。山水画产生于秦代，宋代达到很高水平。著名的山水画家有唐代李思训、王维和明代唐寅等。花鸟画画的是自然界中的花卉、鸟兽、鱼虫。南北朝时出现了花鸟画，宋代走向成熟。著名花鸟画家有擅长画花鸟的朱耷、擅长画竹子的郑燮、擅长画鱼虾的齐白石。按画法分，中国画主要有工笔画和写意画。工笔画的特点是按照事物原来的样子，一笔一笔画得非常细致，尤其注重细节的描绘；写意画是一种夸张的
27、画法， 要求用简单的笔墨画出事物的神韵，虽然笔墨简单，但意趣生动，表现力很强。（分数：10.00）_6.中国航天事业的宗旨与原则中国航天事业的发展宗旨是：探索外层空间，扩展对宇宙和地球的认识；和平利用外层空间，促进人类文明和社会发展，造福全人类；满足经济建设、国家安全、科技发展和社会进步等方面日益增长的需要，维护国家利益，增强综合国力。中国航天事业的发展原则是：坚持长期、稳定、持续的发展方针，使航天事业的发展服从和服务于国家整体发展战略；坚持独立自主、自力更生、自主创新，积极推进国家交流与合作；根据国情和国力，选择有限目标，重点突破；提高航天活动的社会效益和经济效益，重视技术进步的推动力；坚持
28、统筹规划、远近结合、天地结合、协调发展。（分数：10.00）_翻译二级笔译实务-7 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.The Dreadlock DeadlockIn the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedExs hub in Indianapolis to take over a delivery route in Flatbush District, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the countrys l
29、argest community of Caribbean and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. “I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people,“ says Polk, now 31, “and that gave me these spiritual questions.“ His answer came providentially, by way of a music video featuring
30、 Lord Jamai, who raps about the Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks the cords of permanently interlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.Now a practicing Rastafarian, Polk sports thick garlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders. “Your hair is your coven
31、ant,“ he says. “Once you grow your locks, it puts you on a path.“Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Expresss grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to “a reasonable style“. After years of deliberation, Polks bosses gave him a choice: shear his locks or be
32、transferred to a lower-paid job with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally, today dreadlocks, twists or braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30 years ago.
33、 If Afros symbolized militancy, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course called “African Coiffures and Their New World Legacies“ puts it, “Theres a divinity to these locks.“Divine or not,
34、 some employers consider them unacceptably outr. Six other New York-area FedEx employees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging religious discrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and New Yorks attorney general have also charged FedEx with violati
35、ng religious protections in the Civil Rights Act.The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isnt enough to set
36、tle the lawsuits yet. The EEOC also wants reinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. Hes optimistic. Some new styles, he knows, grow more appealing over time.（分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：“骇人”长发绺的僵局1993 年秋季，联邦快递职员克里斯托夫波尔科由印地安诺波利斯市的公司总部调职到纽约市的布鲁克林，负责弗拉特布什区的一个投递线路。移居到这个国家最大的加勒比和非洲移
37、民区对他影响深远。“我开始从文化上意识到了黑人的历史，”31 岁的波尔科说，“主要是精神方面的问题。”正巧，一盘音乐录像带回答了他的问题：该录像带的主角加马尔公爵以说唱的形式进述了拉斯特法里教派对于“骇人”长发绺的神圣信仰。那一缕缕永远编织在一起的发串，是约 6，000 年前，非洲酋长们始创的发型。作为拉斯特法里教派之一员，波尔科将头发做成一串串浓密的发绺，瀑布一样轻轻地撒落在双肩上。“你的头发就是你誓约，”他说，“一旦你把它们做成一种式样，它就带你走上了这一条道路。”不幸的是，这条道路有悖于联邦快递的着装原则，后者要求男人把自己的仪 表限制在“一种合理的方式”之中。经过数年的考虑，波尔科的上
38、司们给了他一个选择：或者剪掉他的发辫，或者被调到一个与顾客无接触报酬更低的职位。他把这两者都拒绝了。2000 年 6 月他被联邦快递公司解雇。他的故事并不鲜见。尽管拉斯特法里教徒在全国为数不过约 5，000 人，但是，今天，“骇人”长发绺、盘头或辫子十分兴盛，几乎就像 30 年前的非洲发式那样流行。如果说非洲发式象征着战斗性，那么，“骇人”长发绺则代表一种更具精神性的自我宣誓，一种与非洲祖先们的象征性的对接。正如在斯坦福大学讲授非洲头饰及新的世界遗产课程的凯奈尔教授所说，“这种发式中存在一种神圣性。”不管神圣与否，有些雇主就是认为它们古怪得不可接受。另外 6 位供职于纽约联邦快递的职员也因为“
39、骇人”长发绺而丢掉了饭碗。他们到法院起诉，指控这是宗教歧视；美国的平等就业机会委员会和纽约市检察长已指控联邦快递违反了民权法案中的宗教保护条例。这一“骇人”长发绺之僵局可能有望缓解。几周前，联邦快递公司已经稍稍变通了其政策。公司一位女发言人说，以后钟情“骇人”长发绺的员工可以把发绺藏在自己的制服帽子内。然而，这种让步是不足以解决法律纠纷的。审判律师迈克尔拉尼斯说，美国平等就业机会委员会还要求对遭解雇的司机予以复职。他很乐观，他知道，某些新时尚会随着时间的推移而魅力日增。二、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：30.00)2.Eurasians: The New Face of
40、AsiaFusion is in, not only as an abstract fashion concept, but in that most grounded of realities: mixed-blood people who walk, talk, and produce even more multiracial progeny. Most strange of all, these hybrids are finding themselves hailed as role models for vast masses in Asia with no mixed blood
41、 at all. “When I think of Asia, I dont necessarily think of people who look like me,“ says Declan Wong, a Chinese-Dutch-American actor and producer, “But somehow weve become the face that sells the new Asia.“So maybe Asias Eurasian craze is driven by the theories of that whitest of white men, econom
42、ist Adam Smith. As the world gets smaller, we look for a global marketing mien, a one-size-fits-all face that helps us sell Nokia cell phones and Palmolive shampoo across the world.“For any business, you cant think locally anymore,“ says Paul Lau, general manager at Elite Model Management in Hong Ko
43、ng, who has built up a stable of Eurasians for his internationally minded clients. “At the very least, you need to think regionally. Ideally, you should think globally.“ A global image helps sell products, even if no one but Filipinos would ever want to buy duck-fetus eggs or Thais the most pungent
44、variety of shrimp paste. Yanto Zainal, president of Macsg09, a boutique ad agency in Jakarta, used all indos for a campaign for the local Matahari department store chain. “The store wanted to promote a more cosmopolitan image,“ he says. “Indos have an international look can still be accepted as Indo
45、nesian.“Channel V, the Asia-wide music television channel, was one of the first to broadcast the message of homogenized hybridism. “We needed a messenger that would fit in from Tokyo to the Middle East.“ Says Jonnifer Seeto, regional sales marketing manager for the channel, which began beaming its b
46、order-busting images in 1994. Star Veejay Asha Gill personifies the global look. When asked what her ethnic heritage is, Gill, a Malaysian citizen, simply shrugs. “Oh, who knows,“ she says. “Im half Punjabi, mixed with some English, a little French and dribs and drabs of God knows what else.“ The 29
47、-year-old speaks crisp British English, fluent Malay, and a smidgen of Punjabi. She grew up in a Kuala Lumpur neighborhood that was mostly Chinese, attended an English-speaking school and was pals with Malay and Indian kids. Gills Channel V show, broadcast in English, has a strong following in Malaysia, Japan and the United Arab Emirates. “Im Hitlers worst nightmare,“ she says. “My ethnicity and profession make me a global person who cant be defined in just one category.“（分数：15.00）_
