1、翻译二级笔译实务-3 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.Japan owes a lot to China. Chinese demand for Japanese goods has helped Japans economy recover, while competition has pressured executives to start restructuring Japans companies and banks. Japan is an example of how China is of
2、fering two benefits to the global economy. One is the way in which China is acting as an economic engine, buying up ever-increasing amounts of goods and natural resources. The other is the flow of inexpensive Chinese goods that drag down consumer prices across the world. There are downsides, like th
3、e decline of manufacturing industries from Detroit and Perth. Folks in developed economies losing jobs or taking pay cuts would hardly agree that Chinas rising influence is a good thing. But at the moment, Chinas 9.5 percent growth rate is proving more of a blessing than a bane for countries like Ja
4、pan. Quietly, at the start of this decade, Japanese companies began shifting production abroad, cutting costs, selling off extraneous businesses and paying down debt. The government also stepped up efforts to attract more foreign direct investment, something Japan had little use for in the past. Tak
5、en together, these actions largely prompted by Chinas advance, have led to the most organic and convincing recovery Japan has seen in years. While Japan has much further to got to make its economy more globally competitive, it is worth noting how far it has come from the dark days of the late 1990s.
6、 There are many benefits inherent in Chinas advance. One of them was spelled out by Anatole Kaletsky, an editor and economic columnist at The Times of London. He wrote on August 18 that Chinas rise is making the richest nations even richer. Along with pushing down global prices of mass-produced good
7、s, Chinas influence may actually be pushing up the prices of products and services China does not or cannot make. That can be seen in the prices of things that China consumes oil, financial services, luxury goods and real estate. Kaletsky said that as prices of luxury goods and financial services ar
8、e driven higher, prosperous countries with service industries become wealthier, compared with manufacturing countries.（分数：30.00）_二、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：60.00)2.It was a dark and stormy evening, rapidly turning into the proverbial dark and stormy night, and I needed to find a place to stay. I wa
9、s driving along an Austrian freeway, so I did what Ive done on any number of previous occasions: I took the near exit and looked for a sign pointing to the nearest gasthof, or inn. The exit was Gleisdorf, between Graz and the Hungarian border. And off the highway, a couple of kilometers along the ro
10、ad, there it was, a sign at a lefthand turn, pointing up a narrow country road into the dark. The sign read “Gasthof Gruber“ so of course I followed the indication. Fifteen minutes or so later, I found myself in the village of Markt, at a quaint-looking inn whose windows glowed invitingly and whose
11、balconies were full of flowers. A smiling woman in a floor-length dirndl led me to a comfortable room, equipped with a television and private bath. I dropped my bags, went back downstairs, and settled into the dining room, which was heated by a big, old-fashioned tiled stove. Soon I was sipping a gl
12、ass of sturm, a mildly alcoholic, fleshly fermented grape juice, and digging in to a bowl of delicious soup. The room, with a full breakfast, cost 30, or about $ 36, and my dinner, with wine, cost 10. One of the pleasures of driving in Austria is, in fact, stopping for the night. All parts of the co
13、untry are studded with family-run country inns that, like the Gasthof Gruber, offer spotless, moderately priced rooms and good, sometimes excellent, food that often features specialties of the region. Room prices average 25 to 35 for a single. Some inns are clustered in towns or villages along main
14、roadways. But many are deep in the countryside or in mountain hamlets reached by winding lanes. Standardized green signs bearing the name of a gasthof and the symbols of a bed and crossed knife and fork point the way at many intersections. In popular vacation areas, there may be half a dozen or more
15、 such signs stacked on one post or standing next to each other at a turn-off. In years of driving regularly in Austria, I have rarely booked a room in advance, trusting always that I will find a pleasant place to stay by following the signs. Ive rarely been disappointed, and often my night in a gast
16、hof has proved such an enjoyable oasis between bouts of long-distance driving that I found it difficult to leave in the morning and get back on the road.（分数：30.00）_3.For five years I have maintained our nations solid commitment to scientific research and technological development, because I believe
17、theyre essential to our nations economic growth and to building the right kind of bridge to the 21st century. The balanced budget I will submit in just a few weeks to Congress reflects this continued commitment. And, in my upcoming State of the Union Address, Ill talk more about what we arc doing to
18、 keep America on the cutting edge of the scientific and technological advancements that are driving our new global economy. Still, its good to remember that scientific advancement does not occur in a moral vacuum. Technological developments divorced from values will not bring us one step closer to m
19、eeting the challenges or reaping the benefits of the 21st century. This week, like many Americans, I learned the profoundly troubling news that a member of the scientific community is actually laying plans to clone a human being. Personally, I believe that human cloning raises deep concerns, given o
20、ur cherished concepts of faith and humanity. Beyond that, however, we know there is virtually unanimous consensus in the scientific and medical communities that attempting to use these cloning techniques to actually clone a human being is untested, unsafe and morally unacceptable. We must continue t
21、o maintain our deep commitment to scientific research and technological development. But when it comes to a discovery like cloning, we must move with caution, care. and deep concern about the impact of our actions. That is why I banned the use of federal funds for cloning human beings while we study
22、 the risks and responsibilities of such a possibility. And thats why I sent legislation to Congress last June that would ban the cloning of human beings for at least five years while preserving our ability to use the morally and medically acceptable applications of cloning technology. Unfortunately,
23、 Congress has not yet acted on this legislation. Yet, its now clearer than ever the legislation is exactly what is needed. The vast majority of scientists and physicians in the private sector have refrained from using these techniques improperly, and have risen up to condemn any plans to do so. But
24、we know its possible for some to ignore the consensus of their colleagues and proceed without regard to our common values. So today, again, I call on Congress to act now to make it illegal for anyone to clone a human being.（分数：30.00）_三、BSection Chine(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.作为短期项目，中国已经开始中等距离地将黄河水引到大城市里去。但是
25、中国政府还有更大的计划，作为一个长期战略性项目，它将发起一个庞大工程，南水北调工程。这个项目由三条路线组成，东线、中线和西线，将分别从长江的上游、中游和下游调水以满足华北和西北地区对水的需求。这项工程投资 5000亿元(600 亿美元)，调水量将达 380-480亿立方米，相当于长江年水流量的 5%。 这项工程 2002年在东线715英里，中线 774英里的距离上已经展开，预计到 2010年完工，花费大约为 1800亿元(220 亿美元)，届时这两条线路将调水 160亿立方米甚至更多。花费最大的西线至今还停留在制图版上。以 2000年价格计算，世界银行估计该工程的投资、运行和维护费用平均大约为
26、每立方米两元。（分数：20.00）_四、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：40.00)5.避暑山庄位于承德市区北部，是清代最大的皇家园林。 清朝康熙皇帝在为巩固多民族国家的统一，安塞固疆的多次北巡途中，见这里风景秀丽，气候宜人，离京师又近，遂于 1703年在此修建避暑山庄。此项工程历经康熙、乾隆两代，用了 87年时间才告完工。康熙、乾隆每年有半年时间在这里避暑和处理政务。清朝以后，山庄遭到严重破坏。解放后，人民政府把山庄列为全国重点文物保护单位，并拨巨款进行修复，使之成为国内外游客消夏和游览的场所。 避暑山庄规模宏大，占地 560万平方米，宫墙长达 20华里。山庄分宫殿区和苑
27、景区两部分，景观丰富，秀丽如画。整个山庄楼堂殿阁鳞次栉比，寺观庵斋遍布山壑；绿草如茵，林木苍翠；山峦起伏，峡谷幽深。（分数：20.00）_6.半个世纪以来，和平共处五项原则经受住了时间的考验，为维护亚洲和世界的和平与稳定，促进国际关系的健康发展，做出了不可磨灭的贡献。 进入新世纪，世界形势与国际关系都在发生复杂深刻的变化。和平与发展依然是当今时代的主题。维护和平、促进发展，是各国人民共同的强烈愿望。 和平共处五项原则作为指导国际关系的基本准则，仍然具有重大的现实意义。实践已证明并将继续证明，五项原则既适用于社会制度相同的国家，也适用于社会制度不同的国家；既适用于发展中国家，也适用于发达国家；既
28、适用于国家间的政治关系，也适用于国家间的经济关系。 中国必须走建设具有中国特色社会主义的道路。它将在维护和促进世界和平中发展自己。作为拥有 13亿人口的发展中大国，中国将一如既往、坚定不移地奉行和平共处五项原则。（分数：20.00）_翻译二级笔译实务-3 答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.Japan owes a lot to China. Chinese demand for Japanese goods has helped Japans economy recover, while competitio
29、n has pressured executives to start restructuring Japans companies and banks. Japan is an example of how China is offering two benefits to the global economy. One is the way in which China is acting as an economic engine, buying up ever-increasing amounts of goods and natural resources. The other is
30、 the flow of inexpensive Chinese goods that drag down consumer prices across the world. There are downsides, like the decline of manufacturing industries from Detroit and Perth. Folks in developed economies losing jobs or taking pay cuts would hardly agree that Chinas rising influence is a good thin
31、g. But at the moment, Chinas 9.5 percent growth rate is proving more of a blessing than a bane for countries like Japan. Quietly, at the start of this decade, Japanese companies began shifting production abroad, cutting costs, selling off extraneous businesses and paying down debt. The government al
32、so stepped up efforts to attract more foreign direct investment, something Japan had little use for in the past. Taken together, these actions largely prompted by Chinas advance, have led to the most organic and convincing recovery Japan has seen in years. While Japan has much further to got to make
33、 its economy more globally competitive, it is worth noting how far it has come from the dark days of the late 1990s. There are many benefits inherent in Chinas advance. One of them was spelled out by Anatole Kaletsky, an editor and economic columnist at The Times of London. He wrote on August 18 tha
34、t Chinas rise is making the richest nations even richer. Along with pushing down global prices of mass-produced goods, Chinas influence may actually be pushing up the prices of products and services China does not or cannot make. That can be seen in the prices of things that China consumes oil, fina
35、ncial services, luxury goods and real estate. Kaletsky said that as prices of luxury goods and financial services are driven higher, prosperous countries with service industries become wealthier, compared with manufacturing countries.（分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：日本从中国得到的好处是很大的。中国需要日本的商品，这就有助于日本经济的恢复，而竞争又迫使主
36、管人员着手对日本的公司和银行进行结构性改革。 以日本为例，可以说明中国怎样为全球的经济带来两大好处。一方面，中国买进越来越多的商品和自然资源，起着拉动经济的火车头作用。另一方面，中国不断出口便宜的商品，使全世界的消费品价格下降。 不足之处也是有的，比如从底特律到珀斯的制造业日渐衰落。在发达国家，有人丢了工作，有人减了工资，他们大概不会觉得中国的影响日益增长是什么好事。 不过，眼下中国百分之 9.5%的增长率对日本这样的国家来说，与其说它是祸，不如说它是福。 本世纪一开始，日本的公司就悄悄地着手把生产转移到国外，降低成本，把没有直接联系的工商企业卖掉，偿还债务。政府还加紧吸引更多的外国直接投资，
37、而这是日本过去不怎么加以利用的。 这些举措大都是中国的进步所诱发的，其综合效果就是日本得到了多年不曾有过的最有组织的、最明显的恢复。虽然日本要使自己的经济更有全球竞争力，还有很长的路要走，但是它摆脱二十世纪末的黑暗时期，取得了多大的进展，也是不容忽视的。 中国的进步必然带来许多好处。其中有一条，伦敦泰晤士报编辑兼经济专栏作家阿纳托尔卡莱茨基作了阐述。8 月 18日他写道，中国的兴起正使得富国更富了。 中国的影响一方面压低了大规模生产的商品的全球价格，一方面可能实际上也抬高了中国不提供或无法提供的产品和服务的价格。看一下中国消费品的价格，就一目了然了间比如石油、金融服务、奢侈品和房地产。 卡莱茨
38、基指出，由于奢侈品和金融服务的价格上升，服务业发达的国家比制造业国家获益更大。 采分点解析 1Japan owes a lot to China. 日本从中国得到的好处是很大的。 分析 用词选词采分点。 owe sb. a lot“欠(债等)，感激，把归功于”，可引申翻译为“得到很多好处”。 2Chinese demand for Japanese goods has helped Japans economy recover, while competition has pressured executives to start restructuring Japans companies
39、and banks. 中国需要日本的商品，这就有助于日本经济的恢复，而竞争又迫使主管人员着手对日本的公司和银行进行结构性改革。 分析 理解结构采分点及基本素质采分点。 该复合句可以翻译成三个短句。主句的主语 Chinese demand for Japanese goods可以翻译成一句话“中国需要日本的商品”，其中，名词 demand要进行词性转换，翻译成动词。主句的动宾结构 has helped Japans economy recover要增加主语，翻译成另外一句：这就有助于日本经济的恢复。原句中的由 while引导的复合句翻译成第三个独立的句子。 3One is the way in
40、which China is acting as an economic engine，buying up ever- increasing amounts of goods and natural resources. 一方面，中国买进越来越多的商品和自然资源，起着拉动经济的火车头作用。 分析 理解结构采分点。 虽然本句为复合句，但要翻译成简单句。which 引导定语从句，用来修饰前面所提到的 the way。One is the way 翻译成状语“一方面”，然后用从句的主语 China做主语同分词短语buying up ever-increasing amounts of goods a
41、nd natural resources翻译成一句话。原句的主语和谓语部分放在最后翻译。engine 意为“发动机，机车，火车头”，在这里选择“火车头”的含义。但短语 economic engine不能直译为“经济火车头”，要增加动词“拉动”，译为“拉动经济的火车头”。 4The other is the flow of inexpensive Chinese goods that drag down consumer prices across the world. 另一方面，中国不断出口便宜的商品，使全世界的消费品价格下降。 分析 理解结构采分点及选词用词采分点。 从句 that drag
42、 down consumer prices across the world翻译成一个并列动宾结构“使全世界的消费品价格下降”。flow 意思是“流动，(河水)泛滥”，实际上本文指的是中国的商品卖到国外或出口，所以泽成“卖出”或“出口”。 5There are downsides, like the decline of manufacturing industries from Detroit and Perth. 不足之处也是有的，比如从底特律到珀斯的制造业日渐衰落。 分析 选词用词采分点。 downside 指“底侧，下降趋势”。因为上面提到了优势，这里应该讲其不足的地方，译为“不利因素
43、”或者“不足之处”。 6Folks in developed economies losing jobs or taking pay cuts would hardly agree that Chinas rising influence is a good thing. 在发达国家，有人丢了工作，有人减了工资，他们大概不会觉得中国的影响日益增长是什么好事。分析 理解结构采分点。 该复合句可以翻译成几个简单句，以便符合汉语的习惯。先把主句的主语Folks in developed economies losing jobs or taking pay cuts翻译成两个小句：Folks in
44、developed economies losing. jobs可以译成“在发达国家，有人丢了工作”；动宾结构 taking pay cuts译成“有人减了工资”。整个句子的谓语及其宾语从句 would hardly agree that Chinas rising influence is a good thing增加主语“他们”，译成第三个分句“他们大概不会觉得中国的影响日益增长是什么好事”。介词短语 in developed economies中的 economics不能直接译成“经济”，因为它实际上指的是经济发达的国家，所以译成“发达国家”为宜。 7But at the moment,
45、 Chinas 9.5 percent growth rate is proving more of a blessing than a bane for countries like Japan. 不过，眼下中国 9.5%的增长率对日本这样的国家来说，与其说它是祸，不如说它是福。 分析 基本素质采分点。 more ofthan.“与其说是不如说是”；blessing 意为“祝福”，bane 意为“毒药，祸害”，两者属于对应的，这里应该分别译为“福和祸”。 8Taken together, these actions largely prompted by Chinas advance, ha
46、ve led to the most organic and convincing recovery Japan has seen in years. 这些举措大都是中国的进步所诱发的，其综合效果就是日本得到了多年不曾有过的最有组织的、最明显的恢复。 分析 理解结构采分点。 该句翻译成两个分句。原句的主语及其修饰语these actions largely prompted by Chinas advance译成单独一句“这些举措大都是中国的进步所诱发的”。action 指“行为，行动”，但在此处指的是所采取过的方法或措施，所以译成“举措”或“措施”。谓语动词及后面部分 have led to
47、 the most organic and convincing recovery Japan has seen in years译成另外一句“其综合效果就是日本得到了多年不曾有过的最有组织的、最明显的恢复”。 9While Japan has much further to got to make its economy more globally competitive, it is worth noting how far it has come from the dark days of the late l990s. 虽然日本要使自己的经济更有全球竞争力，还有很长的路要走，但是它摆脱 20世纪末的黑暗时期，取得了多大的进展，也是不容忽视的。 分析 基本素质采分点。 worth noting 指“值得关注”，可采用正说反译法，译成“不容忽视”。has much further to got 要用增词法，译成“还有很长的路要走”。 10One of them was spelled out by Anatole
