1、翻译二级笔译实务-20 及答案解析(总分：81.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English-Ch(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Compulsory Tr(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.The Dreadlock DeadlockIn the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedExs hub in Indianapolis to take over a delivery route in Flatbush District, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the
2、 countrys largest community of Caribbean and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. “I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people,“ says Polk, now 31, “and that gave me these spiritual questions.“ His answer came providentially, by way of a music vide
3、o featuring Lord Jamai, who raps about the Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks the cords of permanently interlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.Now a practicing Rastafarian, Polk sports thick garlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders. “Your hair is
4、 your covenant,“ he says. “Once you grow your locks, it puts you on a path.“Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Expresss grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to “a reasonable style“. After years of deliberation, Polks bosses gave him a choice: shear his l
5、ocks or be transferred to a lower-paid job with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally, today dreadlocks, twists or braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30
6、 years ago. If Afros symbolized militancy, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course called “African Coiffures and Their New World Legacies“ puts it, “Theres a divinity to these locks.“Div
7、ine or not, some employers consider them unacceptably outr. Six other New York-area FedEx employees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging religious discrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and New Yorks attorney general have also charged FedEx w
8、ith violating religious protections in the Civil Rights Act.The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isnt en
9、ough to settle the lawsuits yet. The EEOC also wants reinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. Hes optimistic. Some new styles, he knows, grow more appealing over time.（分数：30.00）_三、Part B Choice of Two(总题数：1，分数：25.00)2.When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of Am
10、erica in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company. “ Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,“ McGee says. Within two weeks, he was ta
11、lking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his
12、 aspirations. And McGee isnt alone. In recent weeks the No. 2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on.
13、A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year
14、ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the ru
15、le that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Kom/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I cant think of a single search Ive done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first. “Those who jumped without a job havent always landed in top positions
16、quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Cifigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial instit
17、ution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was its safer to stay where you are, but thats been fundamentally inverted,“ says one headhunter
18、. “The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long. /（分数：25.00）_四、Section Chinese-En(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Part A Compulsory Tr(总题数：1，分数：1.00)3.中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要实现全中国人民广泛的自由、民主和人权。今天中
19、国所焕发出来的巨人活力，是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。中的发展中大国，仍然必须首先保障最广大人民的生存权和发展权，不然一切其他权利都无从谈起。中国确保十二亿多人的生存权和发展权，这是对世界人权进步事业的重大贡献。（分数：1.00）_六、Part B Choice of Two(总题数：1，分数：25.00)4.与你的个人外表和自我态度一样，你做生意的方式也可以使客户产生良好的印象。当拜访客户时，很重要的一点是谈话开门见山。他并不会真的对你所谈论的天气状况，前一天晚上的总统演说，或是星期天的橄榄球赛感兴趣。他也不会对你夸奖他的西装好看，和墙上的照片中他女儿的美丽感兴趣。这样的闲聊是一种
20、不真诚的表现形式，而且侵占了他的时间。我一直认为直截了当是最有效的，因此我向你保证任何一个商人都会因为你能这样做而对你尊重有加正如外表决定了人的第一印象，外表也同样决定了一种产品，一个地方及一个公司的第一印象。比方说，你也许注意到了生意兴隆饭店的泊车服务生会把劳斯莱斯、奔驰一凯迪拉克等汽车停在最显眼的位置，这样你在走向饭店门口的时候一定会看到它们。我过去以为这么做是因为有钱人给了更多小费，但真实的原因是每个成功的饭店经营者都懂得良好的形象能推销食品。他想告诉公众：我们招待的是懂格调的客人。因此，很明显，我们的食物一定是精心烹饪的。一个干净整洁的外表也表示你讲效率有条理我所知道的公司无不希望拥有
21、这样的形象。如果你曾经走进过汽车维修站一间干净而整齐的车库，我确信你会和别人一样，认为把车留在那里维修感觉更舒服一些。 （分数：25.00）_翻译二级笔译实务-20 答案解析(总分：81.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section English-Ch(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A Compulsory Tr(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.The Dreadlock DeadlockIn the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedExs hub in Indianapolis to take over a
22、 delivery route in Flatbush District, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the countrys largest community of Caribbean and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. “I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people,“ says Polk, now 31, “and that gave me these spirit
23、ual questions.“ His answer came providentially, by way of a music video featuring Lord Jamai, who raps about the Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks the cords of permanently interlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.Now a practicing Rastafarian, Polk sport
24、s thick garlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders. “Your hair is your covenant,“ he says. “Once you grow your locks, it puts you on a path.“Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Expresss grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to “a reasonable style“. Af
25、ter years of deliberation, Polks bosses gave him a choice: shear his locks or be transferred to a lower-paid job with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally, today dreadlocks, twists or
26、braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30 years ago. If Afros symbolized militancy, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course called “African Coiffures and The
27、ir New World Legacies“ puts it, “Theres a divinity to these locks.“Divine or not, some employers consider them unacceptably outr. Six other New York-area FedEx employees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging religious discrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportuni
28、ty Commission and New Yorks attorney general have also charged FedEx with violating religious protections in the Civil Rights Act.The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked
29、under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isnt enough to settle the lawsuits yet. The EEOC also wants reinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. Hes optimistic. Some new styles, he knows, grow more appealing over time.（分数：30.00）_正确答案：(“骇人”长发绺的僵局1993年
30、秋季，联邦快递职员克里斯托夫波尔科由印地安诺波利斯市的公司总部调职到纽约市的布鲁克林，负责弗拉特布什区的一个投递线路。移居到这个国家最大的加勒比和非洲移民区对他影响深远。“我开始从文化上意识到了黑人的历史，”31 岁的波尔科说，“主要是精神方面的问题。”正巧，一盘音乐录像带回答了他的问题：该录像带的主角加马尔公爵以说唱的形式进述了拉斯特法里教派对于“骇人”长发绺的神圣信仰。那一缕缕永远编织在一起的发串，是约 6，000 年前，非洲酋长们始创的发型。作为拉斯特法里教派之一员，波尔科将头发做成一串串浓密的发绺，瀑布一样轻轻地撒落在双肩上。“你的头发就是你誓约，”他说，“一旦你把它们做成一种式样，它
31、就带你走上了这一条道路。”不幸的是，这条道路有悖于联邦快递的着装原则，后者要求男人把自己的仪 表限制在“一种合理的方式”之中。经过数年的考虑，波尔科的上司们给了他一个选择：或者剪掉他的发辫，或者被调到一个与顾客无接触报酬更低的职位。他把这两者都拒绝了。2000 年 6月他被联邦快递公司解雇。他的故事并不鲜见。尽管拉斯特法里教徒在全国为数不过约 5，000 人，但是，今天，“骇人”长发绺、盘头或辫子十分兴盛，几乎就像 30年前的非洲发式那样流行。如果说非洲发式象征着战斗性，那么，“骇人”长发绺则代表一种更具精神性的自我宣誓，一种与非洲祖先们的象征性的对接。正如在斯坦福大学讲授非洲头饰及新的世界遗
32、产课程的凯奈尔教授所说，“这种发式中存在一种神圣性。”不管神圣与否，有些雇主就是认为它们古怪得不可接受。另外 6位供职于纽约联邦快递的职员也因为“骇人”长发绺而丢掉了饭碗。他们到法院起诉，指控这是宗教歧视；美国的平等就业机会委员会和纽约市检察长已指控联邦快递违反了民权法案中的宗教保护条例。这一“骇人”长发绺之僵局可能有望缓解。几周前，联邦快递公司已经稍稍变通了其政策。公司一位女发言人说，以后钟情“骇人”长发绺的员工可以把发绺藏在自己的制服帽子内。然而，这种让步是不足以解决法律纠纷的。审判律师迈克尔拉尼斯说，美国平等就业机会委员会还要求对遭解雇的司机予以复职。他很乐观，他知道，某些新时尚会随着时
33、间的推移而魅力日增。)解析：三、Part B Choice of Two(总题数：1，分数：25.00)2.When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a
34、company. “ Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,“ McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to refl
35、ect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isnt alone. In recent weeks the No. 2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize success
36、ion plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be
37、more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior positio
38、n to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Kom/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I cant think of a single search Ive done where a board has not instructed
39、 me to look at sitting CEOs first. “Those who jumped without a job havent always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad
40、 left Cifigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditio
41、nal rule was its safer to stay where you are, but thats been fundamentally inverted,“ says one headhunter. “The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long. /（分数：25.00）_正确答案：(8 月份，当 Liam McGee以美国银行总裁的身份离职时，他给出的解释直白得令人惊讶。他没有像以往那样以模棱两可的理由掩饰自己的离开，而是坦然说出自己即将离职“追求新的目标开家公司”。McGee说宣布这一
42、目标正是自己的决定。两周内，他和哈特福德金融服务集团董事会进行了首次会谈，该公司于 9月 29日任命他为 CEO兼董事会主席。McGee说没有找好工作就离职可以给他时间反思自己到底想经营何种公司。这也使外界明确他的愿望和决心。并不只是 McGee一个人这样做。最近几周，雅芳和美国快递这两家公司的一些高管们纷纷离职，并解释说想寻求一个 CEO的职位。当董事会迫于股东的压力仔细审查继任计划时，那些被否定的高管们也会想离开。混乱的商业环境同样使得高管们十分谨慎，害怕模糊的声明会有损他们的声誉。当经济开始复苏时，副职高管们可能更愿意在没有找到新工作时跳槽。据 Liberum调查，第三季度，CEO的换任
43、比一年前减少了 23%，原因在于紧张的董事会抓住现有的领导层不放。随着经济逐渐好转，有抱负的领导们又会充满希望。辞去高层职位寻找一个更好的职位，此决定非同寻常。多年来，高管和猎头们一直坚持一个原则：最具吸引力的 CEO候选人是那些必须通过挖墙脚才能得到的人。Korn/Ferry 高级搭档 Dennis Carey说道：“在我做的所有调查中，董事会都让我把在任的 CEO作为优先考虑人选。”找不到工作就离职的人并不总是很快就能找到高层职位。10 年前，当纯果乐被百事可乐公司收购时，Ellen Marram以经理的身份离职了，说她想当 CEO。一年后，她才成为一家商品交易所的老板，那是一家以互联网为
44、基础的小型公司。2005 年，Robert Willumstad 怀着要成为 CEO的梦想离开了花旗集团。可是历经三年，他才在一家主要的金融机构达到那个职位。很多招聘人员都说高管以往的羞耻心已经慢慢变弱了。金融危机已经使得人们更可以接受跳槽了，待业或者辞去一份不好的工作。一个猎头说：“传统的规则是待在原地比较安全，但是现在情形已经完全改变了。呆的时间太长就会受伤越深。”)解析：1McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to what kind of company he wanted to run本句句子主干为：
45、McGee says.says 后面为省略了连接词 that的宾语从句，宾语从句主干为：leaving gave him time to reflect on。介词短语 without a position lined up作 leaving的定语。he wanted to run是一个省略了连接词 that的定语从句，用来修饰先行词 company。要理清该句句意还有个词组需要注意：reflect on 意为“仔细考虑，思考”。例：I must reflect on how to answer that question我必须考虑如何回答那个问题。2As boards scrutinize
46、succession plans in response to shareholder pressure，executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on本句为主从复合句，前半句为从句，主干为：As boards scrutinize succession plans；后半句为主句，主干为：executives also may wish to move on。who dont get the nod 为定语从句，修饰先行词executives。要理清该句句意还有些词需要注意：scrutinize 意为“详细检查；细看”；in r
47、esponse to意为“响应；回答；对有反应”。3For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached该句子主干为：executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that，此句中 that引导同位语从旬对 rule进行解释说明；后面的 who引导定语从句修饰 the ones。该句中，adhere to 意为“坚持”；po
48、ach 原意为“水煮；偷猎；窃取；把踏成泥浆”，此处意为“挖墙脚”。此处考生不难发现总结一些平时所见的简单词汇的其他意思在考试中十分有用。四、Section Chinese-En(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Part A Compulsory Tr(总题数：1，分数：1.00)3.中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想，认为“天生万物，唯人为贵”，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革，就是要实现全中国人民广泛的自由、民主和人权。今天中国所焕发出来的巨人活力，是中国人
