1、翻译二级笔译实务-1 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.A few months back, Desalegn Godebos wife descended into a feverish delirium. “It was as if she were mad, “he said, shuddering at the memory.” she was scratching me like a crazy woman.“ Before a new road was built through this vi
2、llage, Godebo would have loaded his wife onto his back and hiked six hours along narrow dirt paths to the small city of Awasa. Instead, he lifted her into a truck for the one-hour ride to town. Her condition was diagnosed as malaria and typhoid. She is well now and back home caring for their baby. T
3、he dirt-and-gravel road may look like a timeless feature of the Great Rift Valley (东非大裂谷). But it is part of a huge public road-building project that is slowly hauling one of the poorest, hungriest nations on earth into modernity. The people who live along it divide time into two eras: Before the Ro
4、ad and After the Road. Because of the road, people can take their sick to the hospital and their children to distant schools. Farmers like Godebo who had only their own feet or a donkeys back for transport can now transport their crops to market. Ethiopia, an agricultural society where most farmers
5、still live more than a half-days walk from roads, has been especially hobbled by their absence. Support for roads in Africa, particularly from the World Bank, is growing again after a decade of decline in the 1990s. Then the bank reduced lending for roads. Road-building is coming back in style as a
6、way to combat rural poverty in Africa. While no one expects roads alone to end the chronic hunger faced by millions of Ethiopians or the famines that loom periodically, most development experts agree that they are a precondition for progress and are essential to the success of the Green Revolution,
7、which produces abundance in much of Asia but bypasses Africa.（分数：30.00）_二、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：60.00)2.Campaigning for votes in the western province of Maharashtra this month, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh of India vowed to give such a remarkable facelift to Mumbai, the state capital, that peop
8、le “should forget talking about Shanghai.“ Now that the election results are in, and a coalition led by Singhs Congress Party has retained power in the province, the prime minister must make good his promise, which will take more than a paint job. The consulting firm McKinsey says it would cost $ 44
9、 billion to make Mumbai a world-class city that can rank alongside Shanghai. A revival of Mumbai, the countrys trade and entertainment hub, is more than a matter of image. Its an economic necessity. The city of 12 million fills two-fifths of the nations corporate-tax kitty, yet a third of its people
10、 live in slums. Mumbais economy has lagged the national average growth rate of about 7 percent since 1998 a level of underperformance that is impossible to reverse without mending the citys creaky infrastructure. A choked, potholed Mumbai is symptomatic of a wider urban malaise. It isnt that a fast-
11、growing economy like India cant find the resources to invest in its cities, where much of its economic growth is being produced. By 2025, one of (the) two Indians would be living in an urban center, up from one in three now. Morgan Stanleys chief economist, Stephen Roach, recently undertook a 115-mi
12、le, or 184-kilometer, car journey from Mumbai to the industrial city of Pune on a new expressway, which he says “is a huge cut above any of the other motor routes that I had been on in India.“ Yet, by Chinese standards, the new road merits a “B minus, at best,“ he says. “If this is progress in closi
13、ng Indias infrastructure gap, the problem is even worse than I had imagined.“（分数：30.00）_3.You have a goal and that is your long-term aspiration. Perhaps its to be happy and stand in good relation to the world around you, to be rich so you dont have to worry about your standing, to conquer a particul
14、ar area of knowledge or activity and earn recognition to ensure your standing, or simply to live an uncluttered, peaceful life, wherein you gain enough inner peace and enlightenment not to even care about your standing. Your targets are projected landmarks in time with potentially measurable results
15、, the achieving of which you expect to draw you closer to your goal mastering a specific yoga posture, for example, getting a particular job, reaching a certain profitability in a business, or passing an exam. Then you have your threats. These are all factors that threaten to prevent you achieving y
16、our targets whether its the weather, other peoples agendas, ill-health or other possibly unforeseen contingencies. Finally, you have your remedies, the measures you take to counter or prevent the threats. These comprise both the requisite mundane countermeasures to keep your temporal plates spinning
17、 externally and, more crucially, internal adjustments to your own state of mind and energetic flow, to enable you to attain the inner balance and clarity necessary to realign your vision with your goal, when the threats, potential or actual, have temporarily obfuscated that vision. No matter how app
18、arently complex the mundane details in need of attention, the internal readjustment process remains consistently simple. For a few moments in the midst of activity, stop whatever youre doing, mentally relax your muscles and sinews, lengthen your spine, broaden your shoulders and pelvis, desist from
19、holding your breath, soften your chest and breathe freely, allowing your belly to expand with the inhalation and contract with the exhalation. Let all thoughts about your situation and condition drift and be momentarily empty of self. Draw your. point of gazing out at the world back from your eyebal
20、ls into the center of your brain, between and behind your eyes, equidistant between your ears. Envisage your goal clearly and tell yourself, “I can do this!“ and you will.（分数：30.00）_三、BSection Chine(总题数：1，分数：20.00)4.40 年前，黄河入海口曾经是鸟类的乐园。后来，随着黄河三角洲地区河水水量的减少以及人为的开垦，这里的湿地面积减少了，来访鸟儿的数量也减少了。 近年来，黄河三角洲湿地生态
21、系统明显改善。现在，每年都有近百万只鸟到这里越冬栖息，它们中有许多是世界珍稀种类。黄河三角洲湿地保护只是中国在保护湿地方面的一个成功例子。它反映中国在保护湿地方面取得了很大成效。 中国现已建立 353 个湿地自然保护区。湿地自然保护区的建立还保护了中国大江大河的源头，主要河流入海口，以及候鸟繁殖和越冬栖息地。 目前，湿地保护仍然是中国生态建设中的一个薄弱环节。中国政府将采取有力措施制止掠夺性开发湿地资源的行为，以保证湿地资源的可持续利用。（分数：20.00）_四、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：40.00)5.相传在春秋战国时期，楚人卞和在山中发现一块璞玉，他曾先后两次向两
22、代楚王进献，但他们不识宝物，以为是块石头，并以欺君之罪，砍去了卞和的双脚。等到第三个楚王上台，执著的卞和又将璞玉献上，这回楚王命人剖开石头，一块宝玉出现在楚国君臣面前。卞和洗清了欺君之罪，他所献的宝玉被雕成了象征最高权力的玉璧。后人为了纪念卞和，就叫它和氏璧。这个故事大概算是中国历史上关于玉石最著名的传说了。在这个故事中给人留下深刻印象的，除了卞和的执着精神，还有玉石的非凡价值。 在中国原始社会的新石器时代，玉是通灵的神器。用玉雕琢出来的神器共有六种。（分数：20.00）_6.全面建设小康社会，加快推进社会主义现代化，使社会主义中国发展和富强起来，为人类进步事业做出更大贡献，这是我们党必须勇敢
23、担负起来的历史任务。完成这个任务，必须紧紧依靠全党和全国各族人民的团结。 团结就是力量，团结就是胜利。我们党和我国人民经历了艰难曲折，积累了丰富经验，愈益成熟起来。面对很不安宁的世界，面对艰巨繁重的任务，全党同志一定要增强忧患意识，居安思危，清醒地看到日趋激烈的国际竞争带来的严峻挑战，清醒地看到前进道路上的困难和风险，倍加顾全大局，倍加珍视团结，倍加维护稳定。 全党同志和全国各族人民，紧密团结在党中央周围，万众一心，奋发图强，把中国特色社会主义事业不断推向前进，共同创造我们的幸福生活和美好未来!（分数：20.00）_翻译二级笔译实务-1 答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、
24、BSection Engli(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.A few months back, Desalegn Godebos wife descended into a feverish delirium. “It was as if she were mad, “he said, shuddering at the memory.” she was scratching me like a crazy woman.“ Before a new road was built through this village, Godebo would have loaded his wife
25、 onto his back and hiked six hours along narrow dirt paths to the small city of Awasa. Instead, he lifted her into a truck for the one-hour ride to town. Her condition was diagnosed as malaria and typhoid. She is well now and back home caring for their baby. The dirt-and-gravel road may look like a
26、timeless feature of the Great Rift Valley (东非大裂谷). But it is part of a huge public road-building project that is slowly hauling one of the poorest, hungriest nations on earth into modernity. The people who live along it divide time into two eras: Before the Road and After the Road. Because of the ro
27、ad, people can take their sick to the hospital and their children to distant schools. Farmers like Godebo who had only their own feet or a donkeys back for transport can now transport their crops to market. Ethiopia, an agricultural society where most farmers still live more than a half-days walk fr
28、om roads, has been especially hobbled by their absence. Support for roads in Africa, particularly from the World Bank, is growing again after a decade of decline in the 1990s. Then the bank reduced lending for roads. Road-building is coming back in style as a way to combat rural poverty in Africa. W
29、hile no one expects roads alone to end the chronic hunger faced by millions of Ethiopians or the famines that loom periodically, most development experts agree that they are a precondition for progress and are essential to the success of the Green Revolution, which produces abundance in much of Asia
30、 but bypasses Africa.（分数：30.00）_正确答案：()解析：几个月以前，德撒林高德宝的妻子因发烧而精神错乱。高德宝想起当时的情景就不寒而栗。他说：“她当时就像疯子一样。她用指甲抓我，简直是个疯子。” 过去这个村子不通公路，高德宝就得背上妻子顺着狭窄的土路走上六个钟头，上小城阿瓦萨去看病。这一次就不用了，他把妻子扶上一辆卡车，一个小时就进了小城。经诊断，她得了疟疾和伤寒。现在她已经好了，又回到家里照顾孩子了。 这条石子路可能看上去很像东非大裂谷的一个永恒的标志；其实不然，它是一项宏伟的筑路工程的一部分，这项公共工程正逐渐推动世界上贫穷、饥饿最为严重的国家之一走向现代化。
31、沿路的百姓把时间分为两个时代：“修路前”和“修路后”。因为修了这条路，大家就能把病人送到医院去看病，把孩子送到远处去上学。像高德宝这样的农民，过去全靠自己的双脚，或用驴子来驮东西，现在也能把自己种的东西运到市场上去卖了。 埃塞俄比亚是一个农业国，至今大部分农民要走半天的时间才能走上公路，因此，没有公路一直对埃塞俄比亚的发展影响很大。 非洲筑路得到的援助，尤其是世界银行的援助，20 世纪 90 年代逐渐减少，现在又逐渐增加了。当时世界银行削减了筑路的贷款。 筑路工程现在又轰轰烈烈地恢复起来，这是非洲农村战胜贫困的一条出路。 虽然谁也不指望只靠修路就能解除千百万埃塞俄比亚人长期忍受的饥饿之苦，就能
32、消除不时出现的饥荒之灾，然而致力于发展的专家们一致认为，修路是取得进步的先决条件，也是绿色革命成功的基础。当年绿色革命在亚洲广大地区取得了丰硕的成果，却与非洲失之交臂。 采分点解析 1A few months back, Desalegn Godebos wife descended into a feverish delirium. 几个月以前，德撒林高德宝的妻子因发烧而精神错乱。 分析 理解表达采分点。 back 可指“(时间)以前”，如：That was a few years back. 那是几年以前的事。所以，原文中的状语 a few months back译成“几个月前”。desc
33、end 指“下降”，在这里应该是选用“陷入”的含义，因后面跟的 delirium 指一种病态，所以该词可以省译。形容词 feverish 在这里直接作定语，修饰 delirium(精神错乱)，所以翻译成“由于发烧而精神错乱”。 2shuddering at the memory 想起当时的情景就不寒而栗 分析 理解表达采分点。 介词短语 at the memory 译成“一想起/想起当时的情景”。 3Before a new road was built through this village, Godebo would have loaded his wife onto his back
34、and hiked six hours along narrow dirt paths to the small city of Awasa. 过去这个村子不通公路，高德宝就得背上妻子顺着狭窄的土路走上六个钟头，上小城阿瓦萨去看病。 分析 理解表达采分点。 如果状语从句 Before a new road was built through this village 译成“在这个村子通公路之前”的话，所表达的意思没有错误，但不符合汉语习惯，所以译成“过去这个村子不通公路”。另外，采用增词的方法翻译 to the small city of Awasa, 增加“看病”两个字，即“上小城阿瓦萨去看
35、病”。 4Instead, he lifted her into a truck for the one-hour ride to town. 这一次就不用了，他把妻子扶上一辆卡车，一个小时就进了小城。 分析 理解表达采分点。 首先，instead 要翻译出来，最好译成“现在，这一次”。lift 不能译成“举起”，根据上下文的意思，他要把妻子放到车上，所以用“扶”更好。 5Her condition was diagnosed as malaria and typhoid. 经诊断，她得了疟疾和伤寒。 分析 理解结构采分点及用词选词采分点。 condition 一词可以省译，用“她”做主语即可
36、。句中的被动语态译成主动语态。 diagnose 指“诊断，判断”。malaria 意为“疟疾”。typhoid 指“伤寒症”。 6But it is part of a huge public road-building Project that is slowly hauling one of the poorest, hungriest nations on earth into modernity. 其实不然，它是一项宏伟的筑路工程的一部分，这项公共工程正逐渐推动世界上贫穷、饥饿最为严重的国家之一走向现代化。 分析 理解结构采分点。 该句要用断句的方式进行翻译。that is slow
37、ly hauling one of the poorest, hungriest nations on earth into modernity 可翻译成一个小分句“这项公共工程正逐渐推动世界上贫穷、饥饿最为严重的国家之一走向现代化”。haulinto 翻译成“推动进入”。modernity 译成“现代化”。 7The people who live along it divide time into two eras: Before the Road and After the Road. 沿路的百姓把时间分为两个时代：“修路前”和“修路后”。 分析 理解表达采分点。 代词 it 要翻译出它
38、的本义“路”。Before the Road and After the Road 的 Road 在翻译时要用增词的方式加上“修”字。 8Ethiopia, an agricultural society where most farmers still live more than a half-days walk from roads, has been especially hobbled by their absence. 埃塞俄比亚是一个农业国，至今大部分农民要走半天的时间才能走上公路，因此，没有公路一直对埃塞俄比亚的发展影响很大。 分析 理解结构采分点及基本素质采分点。 该句为复合
39、句，可采用断句的方法分成三部分，译成三个独立句子。整个句子的主语 Ethiopia, an agricultural society 译成一个单独的句子“埃塞俄比亚是一个农业国”。从句部分 where most farmers still live more than a half-days walk from roads 可以译成另一个句子“至今大部分农民要走半天的时间才能走上公路”。整个句子的谓语部分 has been especially hobbled by their absence 译成“没有公路一直对埃塞俄比亚的发展影响很大”。Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚(非洲东部国家)。hob
40、ble，常见词义为“蹒跚”，在这里应选用其“妨碍，束缚住，影响”这个词义。absence 指“缺席，缺乏”。这里的 absence 根据上下文应指公路的缺少，即没有公路。 9Then the bank reduced lending for roads. 当时世界银行削减了筑路的贷款。 分析 理解表达采分点。 Then，在这里是指“当时”的意思，即 20 世纪 90 年代，而非指“然后，于是”。这句中的 bank 指的是上句中的“世界银行”，所以应该翻译完整。 10Road-building is coming back in style as a way to combat rural po
41、verty in Africa. 筑路工程现在又轰轰烈烈地恢复起来，这是非洲农村战胜贫困的一条出路。 分析 理解表达采分点。 in style 指“别具风格地；时髦地，流行地；很成功地”。这里根据文章内容，修路是一项活动，所以，应选择“轰轰烈烈”来表示“恢复”。as a way to combat rural poverty in Africa 中的 as 可以直译成“作为方式”，把整个介词短语放在句首，也可以译成一句：这是非洲农村战胜贫困的一条出路。 11While no one expects roads alone to end the chronic hunger faced by m
42、illions of Ethiopians or the famines that loom periodically, most development experts agree that they are a precondition for progress and are essential to the success of the Green Revolution, which produces abundance in much of Asia but bypasses Africa. 虽然谁也不指望只靠修路就能解除千百万埃塞俄比亚人长期忍受的饥饿之苦，就能消除不时出现的饥荒之
43、灾，然而致力于发展的专家们一致认为，修路是取得进步的先决条件，也是绿色革命成功的基础。当年绿色革命在亚洲广大地区取得了丰硕的成果，却与非洲失之交臂。 分析 理解结构采分点及理解表达采分点。 首先采用断句的方式把 While no one expects roads.the success of the Green Revolution 翻译成一个句子。后面的非限定性定语从句译成另外一个句子。While 做连词有以下几种含义“当的时候，和同时；但是，然而；虽然；尽管”。在这里首句为一个让步状语从句，因此应选择最后一层含义，即“虽然”。alone 不译成“单独的”，在本句中指的是“仅仅，只”。de
44、velopment experts 如果直接翻译为“发展专家”不符合汉语习惯，实际上指的是“致力于发展的专家”。从句 they are a precondition for progress 中的代词 they 在翻译时不能译成“它们”，这样指代不清，应该译成“修路”。bypass 指“绕开，避开，从旁边经过”。but bypasses Africa 如果译成“绕过非洲”，不通顺，所以可以用更书面的语言来表达，即“与非洲擦肩而过”或“没能在这里展开”。二、BPart B Choice o(总题数：2，分数：60.00)2.Campaigning for votes in the western
45、 province of Maharashtra this month, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh of India vowed to give such a remarkable facelift to Mumbai, the state capital, that people “should forget talking about Shanghai.“ Now that the election results are in, and a coalition led by Singhs Congress Party has retained power
46、 in the province, the prime minister must make good his promise, which will take more than a paint job. The consulting firm McKinsey says it would cost $ 44 billion to make Mumbai a world-class city that can rank alongside Shanghai. A revival of Mumbai, the countrys trade and entertainment hub, is m
47、ore than a matter of image. Its an economic necessity. The city of 12 million fills two-fifths of the nations corporate-tax kitty, yet a third of its people live in slums. Mumbais economy has lagged the national average growth rate of about 7 percent since 1998 a level of underperformance that is impossible to reverse without mending the citys creaky infrastructure. A choked, potholed Mumbai is symptomatic of a wider urban malaise. It isnt that a fast-grow
