1、翻译二级笔译实务-10 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section 1 English-Ch(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)1.The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2
2、009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!“ wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had
3、advocated Gilberts appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him. “ As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have s
4、truck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear inter
5、esting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-lovi
6、ng public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in
7、artistic quality than todays live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed“ at a time and place of the listeners choosing. The wide-spread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classic
8、al performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilberts own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organizatio
9、n. “ But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestras repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between Americas oldest orchestra and the new audience it hopes to attract.（分数：25.00）_三、Passage
10、2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)2.When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company. “ Broadcasting his ambitio
11、n was “very much my decision,“ McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he want
12、ed to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isnt alone. In recent weeks the No. 2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholde
13、r pressure, executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump witho
14、ut a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is uncon
15、ventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Kom/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I cant think of a single search Ive done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.
16、“Those who jumped without a job havent always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Cifigroup in 2005 with ambiti
17、ons to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was its safer to stay wher
18、e you are, but thats been fundamentally inverted,“ says one headhunter. “The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long. /（分数：25.00）_四、Section 2 Chinese-En(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)3.一直以来，哈佛大学要求在校本科生除了自己的主修专业课程之外，还要修习一系列课程，以确保他们受到的本科教育涵盖了宽泛的研究课题和研究方法。哈佛大学新的通识教育项
19、目大胆地致力于将学生在课堂上学到的知识与校园围墙外的生活、甚至毕业后的生活联系起来。通识教育课程的内容和其他课程内容具有相连性，但教学方式并不一样。通识教育课程的目的不是将学生带入一门学科，而是将一门学科融入学生的生活。通识教育项目把艺术和科学与学生们面临的 21 世纪的世界以及毕业后的生活联系起来，让学生了解哈佛大学所有的研究课题和研究技巧。通识教育课程由本科生主修课程之外的一系列课程组成，从而取代了过去 30 多年来一直实行的核心课程体系。目前，有很多的通识教育课程是由较大的核心课程转化而来，其他诸如“生命的定义：从夸克(quark)到意识”这类课程就是全新的了。这些新课程将课堂学习和其更
20、广泛的含义联系起来，不仅是跨学科的，还超越了课堂本身。其中有些课程还是由不同系别的教授联合授课的。（分数：25.00）_六、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)4.与你的个人外表和自我态度一样，你做生意的方式也可以使客户产生良好的印象。当拜访客户时，很重要的一点是谈话开门见山。他并不会真的对你所谈论的天气状况，前一天晚上的总统演说，或是星期天的橄榄球赛感兴趣。他也不会对你夸奖他的西装好看，和墙上的照片中他女儿的美丽感兴趣。这样的闲聊是一种不真诚的表现形式，而且侵占了他的时间。我一直认为直截了当是最有效的，因此我向你保证任何一个商人都会因为你能这样做而对你尊重有加正如外表决定了人的
21、第一印象，外表也同样决定了一种产品，一个地方及一个公司的第一印象。比方说，你也许注意到了生意兴隆饭店的泊车服务生会把劳斯莱斯、奔驰一凯迪拉克等汽车停在最显眼的位置，这样你在走向饭店门口的时候一定会看到它们。我过去以为这么做是因为有钱人给了更多小费，但真实的原因是每个成功的饭店经营者都懂得良好的形象能推销食品。他想告诉公众：我们招待的是懂格调的客人。因此，很明显，我们的食物一定是精心烹饪的。一个干净整洁的外表也表示你讲效率有条理我所知道的公司无不希望拥有这样的形象。如果你曾经走进过汽车维修站一间干净而整齐的车库，我确信你会和别人一样，认为把车留在那里维修感觉更舒服一些。（分数：25.00）_翻译
22、二级笔译实务-10 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section 1 English-Ch(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)1.The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009
23、. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!“ wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had adv
24、ocated Gilberts appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him. “ As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have stru
25、ck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interest
26、ing orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving
27、public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in art
28、istic quality than todays live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed“ at a time and place of the listeners choosing. The wide-spread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical
29、performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilberts own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.
30、“ But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestras repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between Americas oldest orchestra and the new audience it hopes to attract.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：(纽约爱乐乐团决
31、定聘请 Alan Gilbert 作为下一任的音乐总监，这个决定自从 2009 年宣布这项任命时就成为了古典音乐界议论的热点。退一步说，在很大程度上，反应是积极的。Anthony Tommasini 是一个冷静的古典音乐评论家，他这样写道：“好啊，终于好了!”然而，这个任命之所以令人惊讶，原因之一就是：相对而言，Gilbert 少有人知。甚至是在纽约时报上用户 Gilbert 任命的 Tommasini 都称其为“一位谦逊的音乐家，从他身上找不到一点令人敬畏的指挥家的气质”。迄今为止，纽约爱乐乐团一直是由像 Gustav Mahler 和 Pierre Boulez 那样的著名音乐家指挥的。如
32、今，如此描述这个乐团的下一任指挥，至少对于纽约时报的某些读者而言，这是一种贬低。就我看来，我不知道 Gilbert 是否是一个伟大的指挥家或者只是一个好指挥。但有一点我能确定，尽管他能表演出很多有趣的乐章且是人印象深刻，但是我却没必要去艾维费雪音乐厅或其他地方去听一场有趣的交响乐。我要做的事情就是去翻我的 CD 架，或者打开电脑从 iTunes 上下载更多的唱片。音乐会的忠实听众会回答说唱片永远不能代替现场演出，但他们忽略了重点。现在，为了赢取艺术爱好者的时间、关注度和金钱，古典乐器演奏家们不仅要和剧院、舞蹈团、电影公司和博物馆竞争，还要和那些记录了 20 世纪伟大的古典音乐家演出的唱片竞争。
33、唱片便宜且随处可买，而且常常比如今的现场音乐会的艺术质量要高。另外，听众可以任意选择唱片的时间和地点。唱片的随处可得给传统音乐演出机构带来了危机。一种可能的回应是，古典音乐演奏者需表演新颖且具吸引力的曲目，而且曲目必须不能在唱片中听到。人们已经广泛关注 Gilbert 对新音乐的独有兴趣：古典音乐的批评家 AlexRoss 把他描述为一个可以把交响乐变为“一种迥然不同，而且更具活力的音乐”。但是那种差异的性质是什么呢?仅仅增加乐团的演出曲目还不够。如果 Gilbert 和他的乐团要想成功的话，他们就必须首先改变美国最古老的乐团和他们想吸引的新观众之间的关系。)解析：长难句分析The decis
34、ion of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.本句句子主干为：The decision has been the talk of the classical-music world。of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan
35、Gilbert as its next music director 用来作 decision 的定语，ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009 为时间状语。本句句意为：纽约爱乐乐团决定聘请 Alan Gilbert 作为下一任的音乐总监，这个决定自从 2009 年宣布这项任命时就成为了古典音乐界议论的热点。2As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians lik
36、e Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez，that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise本句句子主干为：that seems likely to have struck Times readers。As 部分为方式状语，of the next music director of an orchestra 为 description 的定语，that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and
37、Pierre Boulez 为定语从句，修饰先行词 orchestra。弄清楚该句子以上结构之后，则不难理解该句子含义。3For the time，attention，and money of the art-loving public，classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses，dance troupes，theater companies，and museums，but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicia
38、ns of the 20th century本句句子主干为：classical instrumentalists must compete with o For the time，attention，and money of the art-loving public 为本句的目的状语，opera houses，dance troupes，theater companies，museums，the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century 一系列的名词作 compete with 的并列
39、宾语。句中含有 not onlybut also 结构，意为“不但，而且”。三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)2.When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal
40、of running a company. “ Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,“ McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him
41、 time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isnt alone. In recent weeks the No. 2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrut
42、inize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold, deputy c
43、hiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a s
44、enior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Kom/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I cant think of a single search Ive done where a board has n
45、ot instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first. “Those who jumped without a job havent always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age, saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robe
46、rt Willumstad left Cifigroup in 2005 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.
47、“The traditional rule was its safer to stay where you are, but thats been fundamentally inverted,“ says one headhunter. “The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long. /（分数：25.00）_正确答案：(8 月份，当 Liam McGee 以美国银行总裁的身份离职时，他给出的解释直白得令人惊讶。他没有像以往那样以模棱两可的理由掩饰自己的离开，而是坦然说出自己即将离职“追求新的目标开家
48、公司”。McGee 说宣布这一目标正是自己的决定。两周内，他和哈特福德金融服务集团董事会进行了首次会谈，该公司于 9 月 29 日任命他为 CEO 兼董事会主席。McGee 说没有找好工作就离职可以给他时间反思自己到底想经营何种公司。这也使外界明确他的愿望和决心。并不只是 McGee 一个人这样做。最近几周，雅芳和美国快递这两家公司的一些高管们纷纷离职，并解释说想寻求一个 CEO 的职位。当董事会迫于股东的压力仔细审查继任计划时，那些被否定的高管们也会想离开。混乱的商业环境同样使得高管们十分谨慎，害怕模糊的声明会有损他们的声誉。当经济开始复苏时，副职高管们可能更愿意在没有找到新工作时跳槽。据 Liberum 调查，第三季度，CEO的
