1、翻译二级口译实务-体育(Sptorts)及答案解析(总分：200.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B英译汉/B(总题数：4，分数：100.00)1.B Passage 1/B Ellen Wille, the Norwegian associations delegate at the 45th FIFA (Fdation Internationale de Football Association) Congress in Mexico City in 1986, impressed upon FIFA that more should be done to further women fo
2、otball and to unfold the latent potential in this sector of the game. Little did Wille know her spark would light the way for the womens football movement./ Presiding over the debates at the Congress, former FIFA President Joo Havelange not only agreed entirely with the Norwegian female representati
3、ve but also assured her that he personally would back the womens football movement, setting up an ad hoc committee as the first step. / Have lange and then-Secretary General Joseph Blatter were serious about supporting the womens sector. As a long-serving member of the International Olympic Committe
4、e (IOC), Havelange had seen for himself how women had been given the opportunity to compete as equals in a variety of Olympic disciplines to the sheer delight of the crowds. It was only a question of time before women would be beating the drum for their own world football tournament. If football gen
5、uinely intended to achieve universal appeal, it could not turn its back on the female half of the worlds population. / Following the FIFA Presidents consent, the womens football scene in pioneering countries such as Norway, Sweden, Germany, Italy and the USAwhere 40 percent of all the players enroll
6、ed in clubs are girls and womenwas given a shot in the arm. The prospects of a world championship afforded womens football an arena that would highlight the attractiveness and style of this type of football. In any case, it was high time to snuff out any remaining prejudice. which, although unfounde
7、d, would still be difficult to eradicate. / Sure enough, in 1988 a tournament was staged in the province of Guangdong in southern China as a testing ground for a world championship. The high standards of play coupled with the scramble for tickets convinced the world governing body and its special co
8、mmittee that they were steering in the right direction. /The auspicious start motivated the World Cups official sponsors to cultivate an interest in womens football. Barely three years later, twelve national teams from all over the world gathered in southern China where the women footballers enraptu
9、red the football world in Guangzhou and four other towns in Guangdong province. / Spurred on by spirited crowds, they demolished the wall of prejudice that had once thwarted their progress with displays of technique, imagination and dynamism at their first world championship in PRC. /The positive im
10、pression was perpetuated when the FIFA Referees Committee appointed women to officiate as referees and to serve on the touchline for one of the matches. The high point came when, for the first time in the history of a FIFA competition, Claudia de Vasconcelos from Brazil competently refereed the play
11、off for third place as though it was second nature. / China 1991 was a solid foundation on which to build. Responding to a suggestion from women players and officials that there was still a great deal of groundwork to be done, FIFA invited interested parties to a seminar in Zurich in autumn 1992. /
12、The outcome was a somewhat sobering experience in spite of encouraging signs of growth in the USA and some leading European footballing countries. Elsewhere, however, social conventions stood in the way of a breakthrough for womens football. Even today in countries in which womens football is widely
13、 played there still exists a disconcerting lack of resources to establish a professional league at the top of the scale. / The infrastructure for mens football took decades to develop before it acquired the predominance it enjoys today. Womens football ventured its first hesitant steps at the end of
14、 the last century but, in spite of widespread popularity over the past twenty years, it is still very much in its infancy. This is where the associations come in. It is now up to them to nurture womens football actively (it is, after all, the most popular womens team sport in the world) by incorpora
15、ting it, for example, in their general television and marketing contracts. /（分数：25.00）_2.B Passage 2/B The 1995 Womens World Cup in Sweden was anticipated as the consecration of the success which the womens game enjoyed at the inaugural championship in China in 199. After 52 teams participated in qu
16、alifying play, players from the best dozen teams in the world came together in the quest for two prizes: the World Cup itself, but also qualification for the first womens Olympic Football Tournament the following year in the United States. / The predominant impression from Sweden was that womens foo
17、tball was very alive, very well, and growing fast. All the positive features of the China tournament were in evidence again, notably the spirit of fair play, the will to attack, and the uninhibited enjoyment of the game. / But there were other new positive aspects, too. Not only did more teams in Sw
18、eden appear to have a greater number of first-choice players than in China, but also the gap in skill and talent between the top teams and the less successful had clearly closed over the past half decade. Whats more, significant progress in the refereeing sector had taken place, with women officials
19、 taking charge of several matches, including the final. / Europe still dominated the game in 1995, with the USA a proven strength, and the Far East another hotbed. But it was now for a few particular areas of the world, notably South America and also Africa, to recognize the ineluctable evolution an
20、d rise to the challenge of the future. / The best example of this new change was evident in Brazil which, after a disappointing performance in Sweden, enthusiastically set about building up a new national team and saw its efforts crowned with a richly deserved fourth place in the 1996 Olympic Footba
21、ll Tournaments. / In addition to the fact that the standard of football was high throughout the event, Atlanta96 will be remembered for being the first time ever that there was a womens football tournament at the Olympics. Nearly 1.4 million people watched the matchesaveraging over 40,000 per game.
22、/ With its incredible setting and fantastic atmosphere, the Womens World Cup USA 1999 final was a milestone in the history of womens sports of any kind. This World Cup will go down in sports history as a turning point; it has set the standard against which events today and in the future are measured
23、, and will forever be remembered as the breakthrough that spurred on and encouraged every confederation, every national association and every club to continue to try to do everything possible for the womens game. / No fewer than 90,000 women, men, girls and boys were there, including former Presiden
24、t Bill Clinton of the United States of America, filled the stadium on a baking hot day at the final of the Womens World Cup in Los Angeles on 9 July 1999. Media interest reached new heights. The American team finally made the nations dream come true, but only after scoring with a fifth and final pen
25、alty kick. Pictures of the teams celebrations were rushed round the world and will be remembered for a long time. / Teams from 104 nations participated in qualifying competition for the FIFA Womens World Cup USA 2003, nearly 25 more teams than in 1999. It is recognized that there is a need to raise
26、the skill level of players, from the local level all the way through the top teams, so that the next Womens World Cup final round also captivates spectators in terms of qualitytechnical and tactical and underscores that womens football has definitely established itself. / The way to the top begins a
27、t an early age. It is, therefore, vital for every club to support the ambitions of the national association by engaging qualified staff for coaching at the youngest levels. On the international scene, this will lead to the base of the pyramid widening and a significant pay-off in terms of quality at
28、 the top later on. / Over 80 teams participated in qualifying for the first FIFA U-19 Championship, held in Canada in 2002. Although it will take time for the effect to be felt, for new nations to start to challenge todays best, more competition can only be for the good of the game overall. /（分数：25.
29、00）_3.B Passage 3/B I am thrilled to be here in Beijing with you tonight and am truly honored that there is such recognition for my achievements in this country. As an international athlete you get the opportunity to travel the world and to pursue your dreams of being the best at what you set out to
30、 be representing your country. In my experience “the spirit of friendship“ which we are all enjoying tonight is embodied in these international competitions. / I was 10 years old when it was announced that Sydney won the bid back in 1993. Seven years later I was competing in the greatest sporting ev
31、ent the world has ever seen against the best in the world. The Olympic spirit is all about being in one place at one time as one people. Where your race, color or creed is irrelevant and you compete as equalsno other avenue in the world allows this level of friendship. / We showcase the best the wor
32、ld has to offer in sport and every athlete representing their country helps unite the world as one. The Olympic spirit is not something preserved for athletes. For me particularlyit is the hope and inspiration that it generates for young people in the world. / To have an Olympics in your own home ci
33、ty is an experience which is almost impossible to put into words. It is about your pride for your country, welcoming the world as hosts and bringing so many foreign nations together in peaceful competition. It is truly a celebration of humanity. / I can look back now on the many friendships that I h
34、ave been able to make through sport and it is wonderful that we now live in an age where countries can compete together in friendly competition and all of us are enriched and better off for this experiencewin, lose or draw. / I am amazed at the exciting changes that are happening in China at present
35、 and have little doubt that Beijing 2008 Olympic Games will be an outstanding event. And regardless of whether I am still swimming or notI intend to be here. The thing as an athlete you remember above anything else when you fly to a foreign country to compete is the “people.“ At the Sydney Olympics
36、it was the efforts of the volunteers and the public whose smiling faces gleamed with pride during the games that made the Olympic experience my fondest living memory. / The culture and the history of a foreign place also make a striking impression. China, with its 5000 years of continuous history an
37、d richness of cultural heritage will be an unforgettable experience for the athletes of the world when they visit here in the lead up to and during 2008. During my short stay in China I have had the great pleasure to visit your most significant sites including the Great Wall and the Forbidden City.
38、I am truly humbled by these monuments that have stood the test of time. The scale, craftsmanship and beauty of the Forbidden City has left me awestruck particularly when you consider the challenges that must have existed when it was built. / The Olympics themselves have a heritage, which goes back o
39、ver thousands of years and of course were revived by Baron Pierre de Coubertin in modern times in Athens, 1896. I also wish to commend Beijing on its desire to stage a “Green Games“something Sydney also considered a high priority. For all athletes, the quality of the environment in which they compet
40、e is important. Air quality and water quality can affect performances, and can assist an athlete to achieve his or her personal best. / At the Sydney 2000 Games, I greatly appreciated the efforts of the organizers to achieve high environmental standards. And I am pleased to advise that the Organizin
41、g Committee in Beijing is working to achieve even higher environmental standards. The many innovations and environmental programs that are being implemented in preparations for the Beijing 2008 Games will leave one of the most significant and lasting legacies for the country into its future. / (Exce
42、rpts from “The Australia-China Oration Series 2002“Olympic Gold Medalist Ian Thorpes speech)（分数：25.00）_4.B Passage 4/B One of the great legacies will be the impact of the Games on the countrys young people. The Games inspire a new generation to believe in true values of fair play, the pursuit of exc
43、ellence in what you do. to work as a team and above all in harmonythe Spirit of Friendship. / I have been fortunate to set records and win medals. But I realize when I stand on the blocks. the competition is really with me more than with others in the race. 1 cannot affect what my competitors will d
44、o, I can only commit myself that moment to do my best, to realize my own capabilities. In the end that is the key to having the best chance of winning. / But in the end that is the real human value for the sport for every athlete. The value lies in the effort and the striving even more than in the o
45、utcome. Every athlete who does that, and is true to themselves and their sport, deserves to be honored whether or not they come away from the race with a medal or a record. And so it is I think in everybodys daily life. What more can we do in our work, our professions, our personal lives, than to ju
46、st try to realize our own individual potential? / Being a young person who has had the privilege and fortune to achieve success I feel a great sense of responsibility to help those less fortunate. In 2000 Ian Thorpes Foundation for youth was established with the aim of assisting charity organization
47、s that support the needs of children who are faced with challenges and difficulties in their lives due to illness. I believe that all children should be given the opportunity in their own lives to reach full potential. / I am very pleased to be helping raise money tonight for the Beijing Zhiguang Sp
48、ecial Education and Training School which I visited yesterday and saw for myself the wonderful work they are doing. I met with the children and it reminded me again about how much we take for granted in our lives. / I can only hope that through the Foundation for youth and your support, together we can make a difference in the lives of many children and give them the opportunity to look forward to a bright future. So if you have not yet made a bid on our auction items tonight, or a donation at the
