1、翻译二级口译实务-37 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.Steven Spielbergs first films were made at a time when directors were the most important people in Hollywood, and his more recent ones at a time when marketing controls the industry. He has remained the most powerful filmmaker in the
2、 world during both periods, which says something for his talent and his flexibility.Spielbergs most important contribution to modem movies is his acute insight to find and attract a large audience. He ingeniously revised old-style B-movie stories with A-level craftsmanship and enhanced them with the
3、 latest developments in special effects.Considering such movies as the “Indiana Jones“ series and “Jurassic Park“. The story lines were the mediocre stuff, but the filmmaking was cutting edge and delivered what films have always desired: they showed us something amazing that we hadnt seen before.The
4、 master image created in movies expresses something fundamental about the way the filmmakers see things. Spielberg once said that his master image was a simultaneous combination of brightness and mystery. This appears in many of his films.In Spielberg, the light source conceals mystery, whereas for
5、many other directors it is darkness that conceals mystery. The difference is that for Spielberg, mystery offers promise instead of threat. One day he talked about a previous experience.“My dad took me out to see a meteor shower when I was a little kid,“ he said, “and it was scary for me because he w
6、oke me up in the middle of the night. My heart was beating; I didnt know what he wanted to do. He wouldnt tell me, and he put me in the car and we went off, and I saw ail these people lying on blankets, looking up at the sky. And my dad spread out a blanket. We lay down and looked at the sky, and I
7、saw for the first time all these meteors.“What scared me was being awakened in the middle of the night and taken somewhere without being told where. But what didnt scare me, but was very soothing, was watching this meteor shower. And I think from that moment on, I never looked at the sky and thought
8、 it was a bad place.“Spielberg has always maintained superb quality control and when his films work, they work on every level that a film can roach. When his films are shown, they will conquer the most sophisticated filmgoers in the world and invite them to tears and cheers. （分数：25.00）_2.下面你将听到一段有关非
9、洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group.Your focus on food security in Africa comes at a crucial time. The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the
10、 pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on multiple fronts.Africa has faced food crises in the past; it has faced deadly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in states with limited
11、 capacity and resources.But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa faces a deadly triad of related burdens food insecurity, HIV/AIDS and an emaciated capacity to govern and provide services.We cannot freed viable solutions to the challeng
12、e of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time.Food insecurity in Africa has structural causes. Most African farmers farm small plots of land that do not produce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the farmers lack of
13、bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology.This further weakens farmers ability to withstand the impact of recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic.Thirty million Africans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20 million AIDS deaths
14、 worldwide. In some areas of Africa, more than 40 percent of the population is HIV-positive, and similar proportions are going hungry.The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food production with seven million African farmers already dead - is only too obvious. Infection rates are rising among African
15、women. The latest figures show that women make up 58 percent of Africans already infected.Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next. Both at the household level and the government level, resources are being diverted from food product
16、ion to health care. In turn, food shortages fuel the disease, through malnutrition, poverty and inequality.Clearly, breaking this destructive cycle poses a huge challenge to governance. It will re- quire strong institutions, improved skills and innovative policies. But in an irony so typical of the
17、age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease.This interlocking set of issues facing Africa is far greater than the sum of its parts. Ad- dressing the issue I have raised requires a new, integrated response from both the Gov
18、ernments of Africa and the international community. It requires a shift from short-term approaches to a reassessment of our entire strategy for development or, taking long-term measures even when addressing short-term emergencies.Ladies and gentlemen,The United Nations family is already joining forc
19、es to mount the coordinated effort needed. I hope you will work across the board with us, and with the Governments of Africa, in developing the range of revolutionary approaches we need to tackle the deadly triad and break the pattern of food crises in Africa.I opened my remarks with a message of de
20、spair; let me close with one hope. Yes, this is an unprecedented set of challenges. But your presence here today tells me that we have unprecedented consensus on the need to confront them. Together, we must mobilize the political will to succeed.Thank you very much. （分数：25.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：10
21、0.00)3.海洋是全球生命支持系统的一个不可缺少的组成部分。海洋不仅是自然资源的宝库，同时也是我们人类居住环境的重要调节器。中国政府高度重视海洋的开发和保护，不断加强海洋综合管理，促进海洋产业的协调发展。中国已经形成了具有区域特征的多学科的海洋科学体系。国家有关部门制定了海洋科学发展战略和支持海洋科学发展的规划和计划，为海洋渔业发展、海洋油气资源开发、海洋环境保护和海洋防灾减灾等，提供了科学指导和依据。经过半个世纪的发展，中国已经建成了以国家海洋信息中心为主的海洋资料信息服务系统，为海洋开发、海洋科研和环境保护提供了大量的信息服务。近年来，中国不断改造海洋捕捞业、运输业和海水制盐业等传统产业
22、；大力发展海洋养殖业、油气业、医药业等新兴产业；积极勘探新的可开发海洋资源，促进深海采矿、海水综合利用、海洋能发电等潜在海洋产业的形成和发展。中国的海洋渔业、海盐和盐化工业以及海洋运输业、造船业、油气业等主要海洋产业已经成为国民经济发展的推动力量。中国目前正在实施海洋高技术计划，其重点是海岸带资源与环境可持续利用、海水淡化、海洋能利用和海水资源综合利用等高技术的开发和利用。作为一个高度负责的沿海大国，中国积极推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作，并认真履行自己承担的国际义务，为全球海洋开发和保护事业做出了积极贡献。 （分数：50.00）_4.中国经济高速发展，需要大量的矿产品及相关的能源与原材料加
23、工制品。每年消耗的矿石量达 60 多亿吨，位居世界前列。中国政府为实现经济的可持续发展，在矿产资源勘查、开发领域制定了一系列的法律、法规和政策，形成了既适合中国国情又基本与国际接轨的矿产资源勘查、开发政策法律体系。中国政府积极履行人世承诺，主动调整了法律法规和行政职能，建立了一个多元、稳定的矿产资源贸易体系，保障了出口矿产品的市场和进口矿产品货源的稳定。经过科学探测，我们对我国矿产资源的分布有了更清楚的认识：中国煤炭和石油的特点是资源丰富但结构不理想。煤炭资源蕴藏量大，煤种齐全，但优质炼焦用煤和无烟煤储量不多；分布广泛，但储量丰度悬殊，东少西多，北丰南贫。中国石油资源储量大，是世界可采资源量大
24、于 150 亿吨的 10 个国家之一，但是资源的探明程度低，陆上探明石油地质储量仅占全部资源的 20%，近海海域的探明程度更低；分布比较集中，大于 10 万平方千米的 14 个盆地的石油资源量占全国的 73%；油气资源埋藏深，地质条件复杂。中国矿产资源遍布于全国各地，但因所处大地构造带和成矿地质条件的不同，各地区矿产资源分布不均，其矿种、储量、质量差异较大，形成了东、中、西部各地域矿产资源的不同特征。西部地区矿产资源分布集中，比较优势突出，具备形成优势支柱产业的资源基础。全国已查明资源储量的 157 种矿产中，西部地区拥有 138 种。此外，西部地区的有色金属储量丰富，不少金属和非金属矿石也具
25、有较高的品质等级。我们将本着建设一个资源节约型社会的精神，合理开发和利用我国的矿产资源，推动发展循环经济，以造福于全人类。 （分数：50.00）_翻译二级口译实务-37 答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.Steven Spielbergs first films were made at a time when directors were the most important people in Hollywood, and his more recent ones at a time when marketing c
26、ontrols the industry. He has remained the most powerful filmmaker in the world during both periods, which says something for his talent and his flexibility.Spielbergs most important contribution to modem movies is his acute insight to find and attract a large audience. He ingeniously revised old-sty
27、le B-movie stories with A-level craftsmanship and enhanced them with the latest developments in special effects.Considering such movies as the “Indiana Jones“ series and “Jurassic Park“. The story lines were the mediocre stuff, but the filmmaking was cutting edge and delivered what films have always
28、 desired: they showed us something amazing that we hadnt seen before.The master image created in movies expresses something fundamental about the way the filmmakers see things. Spielberg once said that his master image was a simultaneous combination of brightness and mystery. This appears in many of
29、 his films.In Spielberg, the light source conceals mystery, whereas for many other directors it is darkness that conceals mystery. The difference is that for Spielberg, mystery offers promise instead of threat. One day he talked about a previous experience.“My dad took me out to see a meteor shower
30、when I was a little kid,“ he said, “and it was scary for me because he woke me up in the middle of the night. My heart was beating; I didnt know what he wanted to do. He wouldnt tell me, and he put me in the car and we went off, and I saw ail these people lying on blankets, looking up at the sky. An
31、d my dad spread out a blanket. We lay down and looked at the sky, and I saw for the first time all these meteors.“What scared me was being awakened in the middle of the night and taken somewhere without being told where. But what didnt scare me, but was very soothing, was watching this meteor shower
32、. And I think from that moment on, I never looked at the sky and thought it was a bad place.“Spielberg has always maintained superb quality control and when his films work, they work on every level that a film can roach. When his films are shown, they will conquer the most sophisticated filmgoers in
33、 the world and invite them to tears and cheers. （分数：25.00）_正确答案：(斯蒂芬斯皮尔伯格最初执导电影的时候，导演在好莱坞最为重要，而如今拍摄电影正值市场控制了整个行业。无论在哪个时期他始终是世界上最有分量的制片人，这说明他才华横溢，又极富变通。斯皮尔伯格对现代电影最重要的贡献在于他有着敏锐的视角去发现并吸引广大观众。他巧妙地把二流的电影故事用一流技巧进行改编，并用最新的特技成果进行加工。 想想印地安那琼斯系列，侏罗纪公园等电影。故事情节十分平庸，但电影制作是最先进的，它们表达了电影一直所追求的东西，展现出我们从没看过的令人惊叹的东西。
34、电影塑造的主要意象表达了电影制作人看待事物的根本方式。斯皮尔伯格有一次说他的主要意象就是将光明和神秘同时结合起来。这出现在他的许多电影中。 在斯皮尔伯格看来，光亮中掩藏着神秘，而对其他许多导演而言，黑暗中才掩藏着神秘。这其中的不同在于对斯皮尔伯格来说，神秘给人希望而不是威胁。有一天他提到了从前的一次经历。 “我还是小孩子的时候，爸爸一次带我出去看流星雨。”他说，“我很怕，因为他半夜里把我叫醒，我的心跳的很厉害，不知道他要干什么。他没告诉我，把我放在车上，就开走了，然后我看见有人躺在毯子上，抬头看着天。爸爸也把毯子铺开，我们躺下，看着天，我第一次看到了流星。” “让我害怕的是半夜里被叫醒，带出去
35、，但不知道去哪里。但看流星雨并没有让我害怕，相反，我觉得非常舒服。我想从那时起，我再也不会看着天空而觉着它是个坏地方了。” 斯皮尔伯格总是保持着电影的卓越品质。他的电影一旦开拍，就总是在各个方面都达到电影所能做到的最好水平。每当他的电影上映，它们总能征服世界上最挑剔的观众，让大家一起流泪，一起欢呼。)解析：解析 本文是一段介绍美国著名导演斯皮尔伯格的讲话。文中主要介绍了他在影坛的地位和成就，并举例说明其伟大之处。此外，还讲述了他的电影理念，并讲述了对其产生深刻影响的小时候看流星雨的经历。 本文要求应试者掌握一定的电影通俗常识，尤其是对美国电影界有一定了解，熟悉相关的专门词汇和表达方式，这依赖于
36、应试者平时的知识积累，是翻译的基本要求。此外，应试者还需要在短时间内，对长难句进行正确的理解、分析、简化或切分，把握好两种语言各自特色，完成双语间的转换；对于一些较为生僻的短语和表达法，不能死译、硬译，而应该充分联系上下文灵活变通，使译文通顺流畅。 基本素质采分点 以下单词或短语是本文所要考查的基础知识点，涉及相关知识领域的专有名词和一些惯用表达法，是应试者理解和翻译的基础。 1Hollywood 好莱坞 2filmmaker 制片人 3Indiana Jones series 印地安那琼斯系列 4Jurassic Park 侏罗纪公园 5meteor shower 流星雨 结构理解采分点 下
37、面是本文中出现的长难句，要求应试者在听的过程中迅速理解并分析出句子所包含的意群之间的逻辑关系，尊重目的语特点，将原文转换成通顺、地道的目的语。在这个转换的过程中，应试者需要完成诸如语序调整、词类转换、语态转换等翻译过程。 1Steven Spielbergs first films were made at a time when directors were the most important people in Hollywood, and his more recent ones at a time when marketing controls the industry. 原句主干是
38、一个由“and”连接的并列复句，在两个并列分句中各自包含一个由“when”引导的关系从句，修饰前面的先行词“time”。前后两个分句结构相同，后面的分句中省略了相同的成分“were made”。翻译时，由于关系从句修饰的是“time”，所以可以把关系从句前面的主句灵活地翻译成为一个状语，关系从句作主句；对于后面的分句中的省略成分最好翻译中补充出来，因为重复对于汉语来说是一种习惯。 2The story lines were the mediocre stuff, but the filmmaking was cutting edge and delivered what films have
39、always desired: they showed us something amazing that we hadnt seen before. 原句的主干是由“but”引导的复合句，后面的从句的主语“the filmmaking”又带有两个并列的谓语“was cutting”和“delivered”，并且后一个谓语后面跟着一个以“what”引导宾语从句，冒号后面还引出了一个解释“what”的从句，从句中又含有一个由“that”引导的关系从句，修饰“something”。翻译时，整体上主要是顺译，以“what”引导宾语从句可以固定翻译成“所”字短语；最后面的关系从句，按照汉语的习惯，最好
40、译成一个短语调整到修饰词前面。 3In Spielberg, the light source conceals mystery, whereas for many other directors it is darkness that conceals mystery. 原句的主干是“whereas”连接的两个并列从句，引导两个相互比较的对象，略带转折意味；而后面的从句中又有一个强调结构“it is. that.”。翻译时，原文的基本结构可以保留，采取顺译即可；“whereas”可以固定地翻译成“而”；后面的强调结构可以采取一个比较带有强调意味的结构“是才”。 4What scared me
41、 was being awakened in the middle of the night and taken somewhere without being told where. 原句主干中包括由“what”引导的一个主语从句，后面的“and”连接起“was”的两个分词结构作表语；使用“what”结构，目的在于强调，“what”在从句中是主语，翻译时，此结构可翻译成“令的是”；后面的第一个表语中包含一个时间状语，在汉语中，时间状语成分一般要放在谓语动词前面，翻译时应当调整一下语序；后面还有一个“without”引导的方式状语，放在后面，做进一步说明，起一定的强调作用。 5When his
42、 films are shown, they will conquer the most sophisticated filmgoers in the world and invite them to tears and cheers. 原句结构中包括一个由“when”引导的时间状语从句，主句中同一个主语包含两个并列谓语“conquer”和“invite”。翻译时，主要采取顺译，这符合口译的特点；主句中的介词短语“in the world”主要功能是修饰前面名词，按照汉语的习惯，其位置可以调整到所修饰词的前面；后面的名词“tears”和“cheers”，可以通过改变词性变成动词，更符合汉语的特
43、点。 言语表达采分点 应试者不仅需要从宏观上整体把握原文的结构和意思，还需要从微观上正确理解和表达一些重要词汇和表达法。 1flexibility 变通，灵活性 2acute insight 敏锐的视角 3B-movie stories 二流的电影故事 4A-level craftsmanship 一流技巧 5cutting edge 最先进的 6master image 主要意象 7simultaneous combination 同时结合 8for the first time 第一次 9from that moment on 从那时起 10sophisticated 世故的，老练的，挑剔
44、的2.下面你将听到一段有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话。 I am pleased to welcome you to the United Nations for this first meeting of your contact group.Your focus on food security in Africa comes at a crucial time. The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strateg
45、y to break the pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa. But achieving this will require radical approaches on multiple fronts.Africa has faced food crises in the past; it has faced deadly diseases; it has struggled to come to terms with governance challenges in state
46、s with limited capacity and resources.But rarely has the continent had to face the kind of intersecting challenges we see today. Today, Africa faces a deadly triad of related burdens food insecurity, HIV/AIDS and an emaciated capacity to govern and provide services.We cannot freed viable solutions t
47、o the challenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time.Food insecurity in Africa has structural causes. Most African farmers farm small plots of land that do not produce enough to meet the needs of their families. The problem is compounded by the fa
48、rmers lack of bargaining power and lack of access to land, finance and technology.This further weakens farmers ability to withstand the impact of recurrent drought and the growing HIV/AIDS epidemic.Thirty million Africans now live with HIV, and the continent has borne the brunt of more than 20 million AIDS deaths worldwide. In some areas of Africa, mor
