1、翻译二级口译实务-11(暂无语音，提供参考)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.BPassage 1/B It is a pleasure to be here today to commemorate the first Earth Day with you by looking through this “Window on the American Environment.“ While I have not yet viewed the television series, from the accompanyi
2、ng book I can see that it is a very ambitious effort. The producers have interviewed a large number of environmental leaders in the United States, from early founders back in the 1970s through those involved in the contemporary movement./ I am sure you will hear many different opinions, because the
3、diversity of the American environmental movement is part of its strength. The ability of individuals and non-governmental organizations to express their opinions and make their voices heard in the press and in the electoral process is the root of the movement and why it flourishes today. I vividly r
4、emember going outdoors with my elementary school class on Earth Day 1970 to examine our environment by looking at what grew in the pond behind our school. The motto of that first Earth Day was “think globally, act locally,“ and our young teacher wanted us to better understand what was right around u
5、s./ Nowadays teachers have access to all sorts of wonderful educational materials to help students study the environment and learn about concepts like biodiversity, climate change and protection of the ozone layer that were still foreign to us in 1970. But we knew then about toxic chemicals, defores
6、tation, water pollution - the subject of our pond study - and land use issues, and we were learning to understand how much of an impact these could make on our futures./ Earth Day 1970 was a novel idea proposed by individuals - not a governmentthat grew on its own, so that in that very first year, o
7、ver 20 million Americans participated. We said, “think globally,“ but Americans were not yet thinking as much beyond their borders as we do today. Equally it would have been unimaginable in 1970 that China would air a 22-part television series on the United States. It would be another two years befo
8、re the images of President Nixons famous trip to China would be broadcast on our television screens in the United States and we started to have the opportunity to learn about each other./ Today the United States and China have a great deal to celebrate together for Earth Day. We are working together
9、 in areas from water conservation to the protection of endangered species to the development of new, cleaner sources of energy. We have an active program to work with Beijing to support its goal of a Green Olympics in 2008. Together we are researching climate change and exploring the possibilities f
10、or using hydrogen and fusion as energy sources. The United States government, through agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Energy, the Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Parks Service and dozens more has an active program of cooperation with its Chinese counterpa
11、rts./（分数：25.00）_2.BPassage 2 /B Seventeen years after the fall of the Berlin wall, a reunified Germany will throw open its doors to the world. Germany 2006 will be a place where people from all around the world will be welcomed by friends. The tournament is being held on the finest stage in the worl
12、d, one whose symbolism far transcends the boundaries of sport. Hark back to Germanys triumph at the 1954 FIFA World Cup in Switzerland, which sealed the countrys return to the international fold in the most beautiful manner possible./ In 2006, Germans will have the opportunity to rectify certain cli
13、ches and preconceived ideas. The world will have the chance to see what a fantastic country Germany truly is: the beauty and diversity of its landscapes, its rich cultural heritage and the intelligence and good humor of its people. As for the legendary German work ethic and organizational skills, I
14、am pleased to say those perennial qualities are alive and well - and we at FIFA are only too happy to take advantage of them./ For at all levels, the overall investment in any World Cup tournament is immense. The event is financially supported by the German state, but also by the “lender“ and the Ho
15、st Cities. I would like to take this opportunity to offer my heartfelt thanks to all those who are currently working with such passion and commitment to make the occasion a memorable one. Todays efforts will bear fruit tomorrow. German football, for example, will boast twelve spanking new or vastly
16、improved stadiums in 2006. The whole German population too will benefit in terms of better transport and reception infrastructures./ Football clubs, schools and people all over the land have really got behind this great event, providing further proof, if any were needed, of the prominent role footba
17、ll plays in all our lives. In this respect I would like to congratulate the German Football Association for inviting people from all walks of life to take part in this great event. Like Mexico, Italy and France, Germany is now organizing its second FIFA World Cup. Back in 1974 when it first held the
18、 World Cup, only sixteen sides took part, including the now-defunct German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Zaire. The latter were the only representative from the African continent and conceded fourteen goals with no reply./ The 2006 tournament will be a vastly different affair. Thirty-two teams will
19、have qualified, including five from Africa, all of whom now perform at a far higher level. These performances bear witness to FIFAs efforts in the last quarter of a century to help the nations of the football world to compete on an equal footing. I will have the immense pleasure of welcoming you amo
20、ngst my friends in Germany. We look forward to seeing you in 2006 to celebrate this unity!/（分数：25.00）_二、BPart /B(总题数：2，分数：50.00)3.实行改革开放以来，中国进入了发展最快，进步最大、变化最深刻的历史时期。 1979 年至 2003年，中国经济年均增长 9.4%，居民消费水平年均提高 7%，进出口总额年均增长 16%，成为世界上发展最快的国家之一。2003 年，拥有 13亿人口的中国，人均国内生产总值第一次超过了 1000美元，人民生活总体上达到了小康水平。/从 2003
21、年下半年开始，中国政府针对经济运行中的突出矛盾和问题，果断采取了一系列宏观调控政策措施，在较短的时间内取得阶段性成效，经济运行中的一些不健康不稳定因素得到抑制，国民经济继续保持平稳较快发展势头。2004 年中国国内生产总值达到 1.65万亿美元，同比增长 9.5%。进出口总额达到11547亿美元，由 2003年的世界第 4位提升到第 3位。/中国经济之所以能够实现长期持续快速发展，主要是由于我们始终坚持以经济建设为中心，用发展的办法解决前进中的问题，坚持社会主义市场经济的改革方向，大力推进体制机制创新，不断为经济社会发展注入强大动力；坚持“引进来”和“走出去”相结合，积极参与国际经济技术合作和
22、竞争，充分利用国际国内两个市场、两种资源。/本世纪头 20年，是中国经济社会发展的重要战略机遇期。今后十几年，我们将努力把握机遇，用好机遇，集中精力全面建设小康社会，争取到 2020年实现国内生产总值比 2000 年翻两番，达到 4万亿美元，人均国内生产总值达到 3000美元，使经济更加发展、民主更加健全、科教更加进步，文化更加繁荣、社会更加和谐、人民生活更加殷实。/（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：Since reform and opening-up, China has entered a period of rapid development, huge progress an
23、d profound transformation unprecedented in history. From 1979 to 2003, China registered a 9.4% annual growth rate for its national economy, 7% for peoples consumption level and 16% for total import and export volume. China has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world. In 2003, the pe
24、r capita GDP of China, a country of 1.3 billion people, exceeded USS 1,000 for the first time and its people have on the whole been able to live a moderately comfortable life. / To address the outstanding problems in the national economy, the Chinese Government had taken a series of macro-control me
25、asures starting from the second half of 2003, which have yielded positive results within a short period. Some unhealthy and unstable factors in the economic performance have been contained and the national economy has maintained a momentum of stable and relatively fast development. Chinas GDP in 200
26、4 is USS 1.65 trillion, a 9.5% year-on-year growth, and its total import and export volume to exceed USS 1.1547 trillion, rising from the fourth place in 2003 to the third in the world. / The sustained rapid development of Chinas economy is attributable to the following factors: the governments adhe
27、rence to economic development as the central task, and solution to the problems on our way forward and to building socialist market economy as the direction of reform; our relentless efforts for institutional innovation, which has lent a strong impetus to socio-economic development; our policies of
28、“inviting in“ and “going out“ and active participation in international economic and technical cooperation and competition in a bid to make full use of both domestic and foreign markets and resources./ The first two decades of this century is a period of important strategic opportunities for Chinas
29、socio-economic development. In the next decade and more, we will strive to seize the opportunity and concentrate on building a society with moderate prosperity, so that in 2020 Chinas GDP will reach US4 trillion, quadrupling that of 2000, and per capita GDP will reach US3,000. By that time, China wi
30、ll be more developed economically, with an improved democracy system. advanced science and education and a flourishing culture, its people enjoying a better life in a harmonious society./4.BPassage 2/B 当年为了实现乌拉圭回合，各个成员费了很大劲儿，但事后的结果并不乐观，世界经济更不平衡，两极分化越加严重。面对这一现象，发展中国家不能容忍，发达国家也感到了危机。正因为如此，大家才把多哈回合定为发展
31、回合。这是 WTO历史上巨大的进步，也是各个成员富有远见的选择。果能如此，不论富国还是穷国，都会因为生活在一个更加和谐的世界而获得持久发展的环境。/ 中国支持多哈回合达成平衡的协议，但所谓平衡，不是发达国家各自在谈判中有得有失的自我平衡，而必须是有助于发展中成员的全面平衡。因为事实上，发达国家和发展中国家的总体水平已经很不平衡了，这种失衡已严重影响到世界经济的全面发展。要找回平衡，只有发达国家为本轮谈判做出更多的贡献，为发展中国家提供足够的政策空间。/ 农业是多哈谈判的核心。发达国家和发展中国家都面临压力，但富国和穷国的压力是不同的。在全球 26亿农民中，发展中国家有 25亿，而且大多数处在贫
32、困状态。即使发展中国家有雄心、有诚意去推进贸易自由化，也不能不顾及几千万甚至几亿农民的基本生计。如果让那些已处于贫困线上的农民遭受更大的冲击，将引发灾难，届时发达国家也不得安宁。/（分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：During the Uruguay Round, GATT Members had worked very hard to bring it to a conclusion. However, the outcome of that Round turned out to be somewhat disappointing, in the sense that the im
33、balance in the world economy became more acute, and the problem of polarization was getting increasingly serious. As a result, developing countries took these as something unbearable, and the developed ones also felt the urgency of making a change. This is perhaps the primary reason why the current
34、Doha round is named “Doha Development Agenda“. This represents a major step forward in the history of the WTO. This is also a wise and visionary choice by the WTO Members. If the objectives of development can be realized through this Round, then countries, no matter rich or poor, would benefit from
35、an environment favorable to sustainable development for co-existing in a world of greater harmony./ China would support a balanced outcome of the Doha Round. To us, it does not mean a self-balance through trade-off between the offensive and defensive interests of a particular developed country itsel
36、f. Rather, it must be conducive to the achievement of overall balance for developing countries as a whole. As a matter of fact, there already exists a serious imbalance in terms of the general levels of development between the rich nations and the poor ones, with negative impact on the overall econo
37、mic development of the whole world. To redress this imbalance, developed countries must do more in this Round and must be willing to consider offering sufficient policy space for developing countries./ Agriculture is the centerpiece of the Doha Round negotiations. Although both developed and develop
38、ing countries are faced with pressures, the nature of their difficulties is very different. Of the 2.6 billion farming population in the world, 2.5 billion reside in the developing countries, and the majority of them are living below poverty lines. Even if some developing countries were willing to e
39、mbark on the road of trade liberalization, they would have to take into account the basic livelihood of millions or even billions of their farmers. To expose those poor farmers to further external shocks could trigger disastrous consequences. Should such scenario occur, the lifestyle of the rich countries would be endangered, too./
